{"exam":"BW","questions":[{"id":"u1-speed-0001","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","lesson":"speed-limits","stem":"You are approaching a bend and can see only a short clear stretch ahead. How must you choose your speed?","options":["Use a speed that lets you stop within the clear distance you can see","Keep exactly to the posted limit even when the visible clear distance is shorter","Match the speed of the vehicle behind you","Maintain one fixed speed until the bend ends"],"correct":0,"explanation":"Article 7 of the Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 requires a speed that allows you to halt within the distance you can see to be clear. A posted limit remains a maximum, not a target.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 (S.I. No. 182 of 1997)","provision":"Art. 7","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/1997/si/182/made/en/html#article7","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u1-speed-0002","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","lesson":"speed-limits","stem":"The road limit is higher than the speed at which you can stop in the clear space ahead. Which speed rule applies?","options":["The posted road limit must always be reached whenever traffic conditions appear light","You must slow enough to stop within the clear distance you can see","The higher road limit replaces the need to judge visibility","The speed of nearby traffic decides the lawful speed"],"correct":1,"explanation":"The visible stopping distance duty in article 7 of the Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 applies even when the road limit is higher. The limit does not require you to drive at that speed.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 (S.I. No. 182 of 1997)","provision":"Art. 7","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/1997/si/182/made/en/html#article7","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u1-speed-0003","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","lesson":"speed-limits","stem":"What does the law require when darkness reduces the distance of road you can see to be clear?","options":["Keep the daytime speed whenever the road is familiar and no vehicle is ahead","Follow the speed of the vehicle ahead","Choose a speed that permits a stop within the clear distance visible","Drive at the road limit until an obstruction appears"],"correct":2,"explanation":"Under article 7 of the Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997, your speed must allow you to stop within the distance visible as clear. Reduced visibility can therefore require a lower speed.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 (S.I. No. 182 of 1997)","provision":"Art. 7","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/1997/si/182/made/en/html#article7","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u1-speed-0004","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","lesson":"speed-limits","stem":"Your vehicle has its own speed limit and the road has a lower limit. Which limit must you obey?","options":["The vehicle limit because it is specific to the vehicle","Whichever limit was displayed most recently","The higher limit when the road is clear","The lower road limit"],"correct":3,"explanation":"Section 47 of the Road Traffic Act 1961, as substituted by the Road Traffic Act 2004, makes the lower road limit binding where it is below the limit applying to the vehicle.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic Act 1961 (No. 24 of 1961)","provision":"s. 47(1), (2), as substituted by Road Traffic Act 2004 (No. 44 of 2004), s. 11","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2004/act/44/section/11/enacted/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u1-speed-0005","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","lesson":"speed-limits","stem":"Two speed limits apply at once, one to the road and one to your vehicle. What is the lawful approach?","options":["Stay within whichever of the two limits is lower","Use the road limit even when the vehicle limit is lower","Average the two limits before choosing a speed","Use the vehicle limit even when the road limit is lower"],"correct":0,"explanation":"The speeding rule in section 47 of the Road Traffic Act 1961, as substituted by the Road Traffic Act 2004, requires compliance with the lower applicable limit. Neither limit permits exceeding the other.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic Act 1961 (No. 24 of 1961)","provision":"s. 47(1), (2), as substituted by Road Traffic Act 2004 (No. 44 of 2004), s. 11","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2004/act/44/section/11/enacted/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u1-speed-0006","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","lesson":"speed-limits","stem":"You are on a public road in a built-up area with no special or roadworks limit. What default limit applies?","options":["30 km/h","50 km/h","60 km/h","80 km/h"],"correct":1,"explanation":"Section 5 of the Road Traffic Act 2004 sets the built-up area default at 50 km/h. A special speed limit or roadworks limit can replace that default, and motorways are outside this rule.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic Act 2004 (No. 44 of 2004)","provision":"s. 5","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2004/act/44/section/5/enacted/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u1-speed-0007","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","lesson":"speed-limits","stem":"What is the default speed limit on a town street when no different limit applies?","options":["80 km/h","60 km/h","50 km/h","30 km/h"],"correct":2,"explanation":"The built-up area speed limit under section 5 of the Road Traffic Act 2004 is 50 km/h. It applies to public roads in the area except motorways unless a special or roadworks limit applies.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic Act 2004 (No. 44 of 2004)","provision":"s. 5","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2004/act/44/section/5/enacted/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u1-speed-0008","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","lesson":"speed-limits","stem":"You enter a housing estate within a built-up area and no other speed limit is set. Which default applies?","options":["20 km/h","30 km/h","40 km/h","50 km/h"],"correct":3,"explanation":"The default for a public road in a built-up area is 50 km/h under section 5 of the Road Traffic Act 2004. A different figure applies only where a special or roadworks limit replaces it.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic Act 2004 (No. 44 of 2004)","provision":"s. 5","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2004/act/44/section/5/enacted/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u1-speed-0009","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","lesson":"speed-limits","stem":"Which default limit applies to a public road in a built-up area that is not a motorway?","options":["50 km/h","40 km/h","30 km/h","20 km/h"],"correct":0,"explanation":"Section 5 of the Road Traffic Act 2004 provides a 50 km/h built-up area default. The rule gives way where a special speed limit or roadworks speed limit applies.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic Act 2004 (No. 44 of 2004)","provision":"s. 5","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2004/act/44/section/5/enacted/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u1-speed-0010","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","lesson":"speed-limits","stem":"You are driving on a regional road outside a built-up area with no different limit. What is the default?","options":["60 km/h","80 km/h","100 km/h","120 km/h"],"correct":1,"explanation":"Section 6(1) of the Road Traffic Act 2004, as substituted by the Road Traffic Act 2024, sets an 80 km/h default for regional roads outside built-up areas.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic Act 2004 (No. 44 of 2004)","provision":"s. 6(1), as substituted by Road Traffic Act 2024 (No. 10 of 2024), s. 7","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2024/act/10/section/7/enacted/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u1-speed-0011","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","lesson":"speed-limits","stem":"What is the default limit for a rural regional road when no special or roadworks limit applies?","options":["120 km/h","100 km/h","80 km/h","60 km/h"],"correct":2,"explanation":"The regional road default outside a built-up area is 80 km/h under section 6(1) of the Road Traffic Act 2004, as substituted by the Road Traffic Act 2024.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic Act 2004 (No. 44 of 2004)","provision":"s. 6(1), as substituted by Road Traffic Act 2024 (No. 10 of 2024), s. 7","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2024/act/10/section/7/enacted/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u1-speed-0012","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","lesson":"speed-limits","stem":"A regional road leaves a built-up area and has no special speed limit. Which default applies beyond the boundary?","options":["50 km/h","60 km/h","70 km/h","80 km/h"],"correct":3,"explanation":"Once the regional road is outside the built-up area, its default is 80 km/h under section 6(1) of the Road Traffic Act 2004, as substituted by the Road Traffic Act 2024.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic Act 2004 (No. 44 of 2004)","provision":"s. 6(1), as substituted by Road Traffic Act 2024 (No. 10 of 2024), s. 7","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2024/act/10/section/7/enacted/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u1-speed-0013","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","lesson":"speed-limits","stem":"You are on a local road outside a built-up area and no other limit is set. What default applies?","options":["60 km/h","70 km/h","80 km/h","100 km/h"],"correct":0,"explanation":"Section 6(2) of the Road Traffic Act 2004, as substituted by the Road Traffic Act 2024, sets the local road default outside built-up areas at 60 km/h.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic Act 2004 (No. 44 of 2004)","provision":"s. 6(2), as substituted by Road Traffic Act 2024 (No. 10 of 2024), s. 7","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2024/act/10/section/7/enacted/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u1-speed-0014","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","lesson":"speed-limits","stem":"Which statement correctly describes the change to the default for local roads outside built-up areas?","options":["It changed from 60 km/h to 80 km/h throughout all rural road types","It changed from 80 km/h to 60 km/h on 7 February 2025","It changed only on regional roads","The default did not change"],"correct":1,"explanation":"The local road default became 60 km/h on 7 February 2025 under section 6(2) of the Road Traffic Act 2004, as substituted by the Road Traffic Act 2024.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic Act 2004 (No. 44 of 2004)","provision":"s. 6(2), as substituted by Road Traffic Act 2024 (No. 10 of 2024), s. 7","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2024/act/10/section/7/enacted/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u1-speed-0015","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","lesson":"speed-limits","stem":"A white disc with a black border and black diagonal lines is used on a local road. What limit does it show?","options":["100 km/h","80 km/h","60 km/h","No limit applies"],"correct":2,"explanation":"Regulation 33 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 permits this alternative sign for a 60 km/h local road limit. It does not remove the speed limit.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Reg. 33(4), (5)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u1-speed-0016","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","lesson":"speed-limits","stem":"What was the default limit on a local road outside a built-up area before 7 February 2025?","options":["50 km/h","60 km/h","70 km/h","80 km/h"],"correct":3,"explanation":"Before 7 February 2025 the local road default was 80 km/h. Section 6(2) of the Road Traffic Act 2004, as substituted by the Road Traffic Act 2024, changed it to 60 km/h from that date.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic Act 2004 (No. 44 of 2004)","provision":"s. 6(2), as substituted by Road Traffic Act 2024 (No. 10 of 2024), s. 7","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2024/act/10/section/7/enacted/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u1-speed-0017","exams":["BW","AM"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","lesson":"speed-limits","stem":"You are on a national road outside a built-up area that is not a motorway. No different limit applies. What is the default?","options":["100 km/h","80 km/h","60 km/h","50 km/h"],"correct":0,"explanation":"Section 7(1) of the Road Traffic Act 2004 sets a 100 km/h default for national roads outside built-up areas. A motorway has a separate rule.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic Act 2004 (No. 44 of 2004)","provision":"s. 7(1)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2004/act/44/section/7/enacted/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u1-speed-0018","exams":["BW","AM"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","lesson":"speed-limits","stem":"What default limit applies on a rural national road when no special or roadworks limit is in force?","options":["80 km/h","100 km/h","110 km/h","120 km/h"],"correct":1,"explanation":"The national road default outside a built-up area is 100 km/h under section 7(1) of the Road Traffic Act 2004, unless another lawful limit applies.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic Act 2004 (No. 44 of 2004)","provision":"s. 7(1)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2004/act/44/section/7/enacted/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u1-speed-0019","exams":["BW","AM"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","lesson":"speed-limits","stem":"A national road leaves a built-up area and continues through the countryside. Which default applies if no other limit is set?","options":["120 km/h","110 km/h","100 km/h","80 km/h"],"correct":2,"explanation":"Under section 7(1) of the Road Traffic Act 2004, a national road outside a built-up area has a 100 km/h default. The motorway default does not apply to this road.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic Act 2004 (No. 44 of 2004)","provision":"s. 7(1)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2004/act/44/section/7/enacted/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u1-speed-0020","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","lesson":"speed-limits","stem":"Who may set a special speed limit on roads within a local authority area?","options":["The Garda station by a local notice","Any road contractor by a site notice","A driving school by a safety notice","The county council or city council by bye-laws"],"correct":3,"explanation":"Section 9 of the Road Traffic Act 2004 gives county councils and city councils the power to make special speed limit bye-laws for roads in their areas.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic Act 2004 (No. 44 of 2004)","provision":"s. 9","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2004/act/44/section/9/enacted/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u1-speed-0021","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","lesson":"speed-limits","stem":"An electronic special speed limit sign is lit during set periods of the day. What can the bye-law provide?","options":["The special limit applies during specified periods of the day","The sign gives advice while the ordinary limit remains unchanged","The special limit applies only to heavy vehicles","The sign lets each driver choose between two limits"],"correct":0,"explanation":"Section 9(5) of the Road Traffic Act 2004 allows a special limit for specified daily periods, while regulation 34 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 provides for a sign switched on and off by a device.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic Act 2004 (No. 44 of 2004)","provision":"s. 9(5); Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025), reg. 34","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2004/act/44/section/9/enacted/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u1-speed-0022","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","lesson":"speed-limits","stem":"What is the lowest speed limit that may be set by a roadworks speed limit order?","options":["10 km/h","20 km/h","30 km/h","40 km/h"],"correct":1,"explanation":"Sections 10 and 10A of the Road Traffic Act 2004, as changed by the Road Traffic and Roads Act 2023, require a roadworks speed limit to be at least 20 km/h.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic Act 2004 (No. 44 of 2004)","provision":"ss. 10(1), (2) and 10A, as substituted and inserted by Road Traffic and Roads Act 2023 (No. 16 of 2023), ss. 55, 56","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2023/act/16/section/55/enacted/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u1-speed-0023","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","lesson":"speed-limits","stem":"A variable speed limit is displayed electronically on a national managed road. Which limit applies while it is shown?","options":["The ordinary road limit regardless of the display","The vehicle limit even if the display is lower","The limit shown on the electronic display","The highest limit shown earlier that day"],"correct":2,"explanation":"Section 10B of the Road Traffic Act 2004, inserted by the Road Traffic and Roads Act 2023, makes the electronically displayed variable limit the applicable limit while it is displayed.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic Act 2004 (No. 44 of 2004)","provision":"s. 10B, inserted by Road Traffic and Roads Act 2023 (No. 16 of 2023), s. 56","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2023/act/16/section/56/enacted/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u1-speed-0029","exams":["BW"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","lesson":"speed-limits","stem":"You are towing a caravan on a motorway where the road limit is higher. What vehicle limit applies?","options":["80 km/h","90 km/h","100 km/h","120 km/h"],"correct":0,"explanation":"Regulation 4(b) of the Road Traffic (Ordinary Speed Limits Buses, Heavy Goods Vehicles, etc) Regulations 2008, as substituted, limits a vehicle drawing another vehicle to 80 km/h, including on a motorway.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Ordinary Speed Limits Buses, Heavy Goods Vehicles, etc) Regulations 2008 (S.I. No. 546 of 2008)","provision":"Reg. 4(b), as substituted by S.I. No. 255 of 2022, reg. 2(b)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2022/si/255/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u1-speed-0030","exams":["BW"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","lesson":"speed-limits","stem":"A van is drawing a trailer on a dual carriageway with a higher road limit. What vehicle limit applies?","options":["60 km/h","80 km/h","100 km/h","120 km/h"],"correct":1,"explanation":"The towing limit in regulation 4(b) of the Road Traffic (Ordinary Speed Limits Buses, Heavy Goods Vehicles, etc) Regulations 2008, as substituted, is 80 km/h on every public road.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Ordinary Speed Limits Buses, Heavy Goods Vehicles, etc) Regulations 2008 (S.I. No. 546 of 2008)","provision":"Reg. 4(b), as substituted by S.I. No. 255 of 2022, reg. 2(b)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2022/si/255/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u1-speed-0031","exams":["BW"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","lesson":"speed-limits","stem":"What is the vehicle limit for a car drawing a horsebox on a public road whose road limit is higher?","options":["120 km/h","100 km/h","80 km/h","60 km/h"],"correct":2,"explanation":"Regulation 4(b) of the Road Traffic (Ordinary Speed Limits Buses, Heavy Goods Vehicles, etc) Regulations 2008, as substituted, sets 80 km/h for a vehicle drawing another vehicle.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Ordinary Speed Limits Buses, Heavy Goods Vehicles, etc) Regulations 2008 (S.I. No. 546 of 2008)","provision":"Reg. 4(b), as substituted by S.I. No. 255 of 2022, reg. 2(b)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2022/si/255/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u1-speed-0032","exams":["BW"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","lesson":"speed-limits","stem":"You are towing a trailer on a local road where the road limit is 60 km/h. What is the highest lawful speed?","options":["100 km/h","90 km/h","80 km/h","60 km/h"],"correct":3,"explanation":"Regulation 5 of the Road Traffic (Ordinary Speed Limits Buses, Heavy Goods Vehicles, etc) Regulations 2008 makes a lower road limit prevail over the 80 km/h towing limit, so 60 km/h applies.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Ordinary Speed Limits Buses, Heavy Goods Vehicles, etc) Regulations 2008 (S.I. No. 546 of 2008)","provision":"Reg. 5","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2008/si/546/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u1-speed-0033","exams":["BW","AM"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","lesson":"speed-limits","stem":"What ordinary speed limit applies to an e-scooter on a public road unless the road limit is lower?","options":["20 km/h","30 km/h","40 km/h","50 km/h"],"correct":0,"explanation":"Regulation 4 of the Road Traffic (Electric Scooters) Regulations 2024 sets a 20 km/h ordinary limit for an e-scooter on public roads, subject to any lower road limit.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Electric Scooters) Regulations 2024 (S.I. No. 199 of 2024)","provision":"Reg. 4","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2024/si/199/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u1-motorway-0001","exams":["BW","AM"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","lesson":"motorway-rules","stem":"What is the default speed limit on a motorway when no lower road or vehicle limit applies?","options":["80 km/h","90 km/h","100 km/h","120 km/h"],"correct":3,"explanation":"Section 8(1) of the Road Traffic Act 2004 sets the motorway default at 120 km/h. A special, roadworks, variable or vehicle limit can require a lower speed.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic Act 2004 (No. 44 of 2004)","provision":"s. 8(1)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2004/act/44/section/8/enacted/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u1-motorway-0002","exams":["BW","AM"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","lesson":"motorway-rules","stem":"You join a motorway where no special, roadworks or variable limit is displayed. Your vehicle has no lower limit. What default applies?","options":["120 km/h","100 km/h","80 km/h","60 km/h"],"correct":0,"explanation":"The motorway default in section 8(1) of the Road Traffic Act 2004 is 120 km/h. It is the maximum only where no applicable lower limit replaces it.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic Act 2004 (No. 44 of 2004)","provision":"s. 8(1)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2004/act/44/section/8/enacted/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u1-motorway-0003","exams":["BW","AM"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","lesson":"motorway-rules","stem":"Which default limit belongs to a motorway rather than a national road that is not a motorway?","options":["100 km/h","120 km/h","130 km/h","140 km/h"],"correct":1,"explanation":"Under section 8(1) of the Road Traffic Act 2004, 120 km/h is the motorway default. It remains subject to any special, roadworks, variable or lower vehicle limit.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic Act 2004 (No. 44 of 2004)","provision":"s. 8(1)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2004/act/44/section/8/enacted/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u1-motorway-0004","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","lesson":"motorway-rules","stem":"Which road user is prohibited from using a motorway under the motorway access rule?","options":["A driver in an eligible vehicle","A rider on an eligible motorcycle","A person riding an e-scooter","A passenger in an eligible bus"],"correct":2,"explanation":"Section 43 of the Roads Act 1993 prohibits pedestrians, pedal cyclists and powered personal transporter users, including e-scooter users, from using a motorway. It also bars animals from being brought onto one.","source":{"instrument":"Roads Act 1993 (No. 14 of 1993)","provision":"s. 43(4), (5), as amended by Road Traffic and Roads Act 2023 (No. 16 of 2023), s. 38","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/1993/act/14/section/43/enacted/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u1-motorway-0005","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","lesson":"motorway-rules","stem":"You see a person leading an animal towards a motorway entrance. What does the motorway access rule require?","options":["The animal may enter if kept on the hard shoulder","The animal may enter when traffic is light","The animal may enter if escorted by a vehicle","The animal must not be brought onto the motorway"],"correct":3,"explanation":"Section 43 of the Roads Act 1993 prohibits allowing an animal onto a motorway. The rule does not create a hard shoulder or traffic condition that permits access.","source":{"instrument":"Roads Act 1993 (No. 14 of 1993)","provision":"s. 43(4), (5), as amended by Road Traffic and Roads Act 2023 (No. 16 of 2023), s. 38","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/1993/act/14/section/43/enacted/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u1-motorway-0006","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","lesson":"motorway-rules","stem":"Which combination meets the licence and wheel conditions for a vehicle to use a motorway?","options":["The driver holds a driving licence for it, it has pneumatic tyres, and it is not an invalid carriage","The driver has no driving licence for it, but the vehicle has pneumatic tyres","The driver holds a driving licence for it, but the wheels have solid tyres","The vehicle is an invalid carriage fitted with pneumatic tyres"],"correct":0,"explanation":"Article 7 of the Roads Regulations 1994 requires the driver to hold a driving licence for the vehicle and the wheels to have pneumatic tyres, while excluding invalid carriages from motorway use.","source":{"instrument":"Roads Regulations 1994 (S.I. No. 119 of 1994)","provision":"Art. 7(2)(a), (b)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/1994/si/119/made/en/html#ZZSI119Y1994A7","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u1-motorway-0007","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","lesson":"motorway-rules","stem":"Which vehicle condition prevents a petrol moped with an engine of exactly 50 cc from using a motorway?","options":["It must display a minimum speed notice","A combustion engine must exceed 50 cc, and the vehicle must also sustain 50 km/h on the level","It must be able to reach the motorway default speed","Its rider must promise to stay on the hard shoulder"],"correct":1,"explanation":"Article 7 of the Roads Regulations 1994 requires a combustion engine to exceed 50 cc and the vehicle to sustain 50 km/h on the level under its own power. This is an access condition, not a minimum driving speed.","source":{"instrument":"Roads Regulations 1994 (S.I. No. 119 of 1994)","provision":"Art. 7(2)(c), (d)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/1994/si/119/made/en/print","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u1-motorway-0008","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","lesson":"motorway-rules","stem":"You realise that your vehicle is facing against the motorway traffic flow. What does the motorway rule require?","options":["Continue against the flow until the next service area","Use the hard shoulder to travel against the flow","Do not drive against the direction of traffic","Proceed against the flow when no vehicle is visible"],"correct":2,"explanation":"Article 33 of the Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997, as substituted by the current rule, prohibits driving against the direction of traffic flow on a motorway.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 (S.I. No. 182 of 1997)","provision":"Art. 33(1)(a), as substituted by S.I. No. 222 of 2024, reg. 4(g)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2024/si/222/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u1-motorway-0009","exams":["BW","AM"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","lesson":"motorway-rules","stem":"Traffic is moving slowly on a motorway. May you drive along the hard shoulder to pass it?","options":["Yes, whenever the traffic is below 50 km/h","Yes, if you return before the next exit","Yes, when the hard shoulder appears clear","No, the hard shoulder is not part of the carriageway and this use is prohibited"],"correct":3,"explanation":"Article 33 of the Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 prohibits driving on or across a motorway part that is not a carriageway, apart from the stated parking and service area exception.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 (S.I. No. 182 of 1997)","provision":"Art. 33(1)(b), (2), as substituted by S.I. No. 222 of 2024, reg. 4(g)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2024/si/222/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u1-motorway-0010","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","lesson":"motorway-rules","stem":"You miss a motorway exit. May you cross a non-carriageway area to reach the slip road?","options":["No, driving on or across a non-carriageway part is prohibited outside parking and service areas","Yes, if no other traffic is nearby","Yes, if you cross without stopping","Yes, when the next exit is far away"],"correct":0,"explanation":"The non-carriageway rule in article 33 of the Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 bars driving on or across that part of a motorway, except within parking or service areas.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 (S.I. No. 182 of 1997)","provision":"Art. 33(1)(b), (2), as substituted by S.I. No. 222 of 2024, reg. 4(g)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2024/si/222/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u1-motorway-0011","exams":["BW","AM"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","lesson":"motorway-rules","stem":"A sign shows that a motorway hard shoulder is operating as a bus priority facility. May you drive or ride on that hard shoulder?","options":["Yes, while the facility sign is displayed","No, the displayed facility is for buses only","Yes, when a bus is not visible","Yes, if the left traffic lane is busy"],"correct":1,"explanation":"Article 33 of the Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 lifts the hard shoulder prohibition only for a bus while the facility sign is displayed. Every other vehicle stays barred from that hard shoulder.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 (S.I. No. 182 of 1997)","provision":"Art. 33(1)(b), (2), (2A), as substituted by S.I. No. 222 of 2024, reg. 4(g); art. 33(2A) inserted by S.I. No. 204 of 2026, art. 3","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2026/si/204/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u1-motorway-0012","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","lesson":"motorway-rules","stem":"Your vehicle breaks down on a motorway. Where must you move it if possible?","options":["To the central area between carriageways","To any traffic lane with fewer vehicles","Off the carriageway to the nearest available space on the left","Across the carriageway to the right edge"],"correct":2,"explanation":"Article 33 of the Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 requires a vehicle stopped after a breakdown or crash to be moved off the carriageway to the nearest available space on the left.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 (S.I. No. 182 of 1997)","provision":"Art. 33(1)(c), (3), (4), as substituted by S.I. No. 222 of 2024, reg. 4(g)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2024/si/222/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u1-motorway-0013","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","lesson":"motorway-rules","stem":"After a crash forces you to stop on a motorway, which reporting duty applies under the motorway rule?","options":["Tell a road contractor at the next exit","Leave a note in the vehicle before walking away","Wait for another driver to report it","Tell the Gardaí by the nearest telephone as soon as possible"],"correct":3,"explanation":"Article 33 of the Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 requires the Gardaí to be told by the nearest telephone as soon as possible after a breakdown or crash stop.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 (S.I. No. 182 of 1997)","provision":"Art. 33(1)(c), (3), (4), as substituted by S.I. No. 222 of 2024, reg. 4(g)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2024/si/222/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u1-motorway-0014","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","lesson":"motorway-rules","stem":"When may you stop or park on a motorway under the motorway stopping rule?","options":["Only when held up by an obstruction or after a crash or breakdown","Whenever you need to check the vehicle","Whenever the hard shoulder is empty","Whenever you intend to remain briefly"],"correct":0,"explanation":"Article 33 of the Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 prohibits stopping or parking on a motorway except when an obstruction holds you up or a crash or breakdown forces the stop.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 (S.I. No. 182 of 1997)","provision":"Art. 33(1)(c), (3), (4), as substituted by S.I. No. 222 of 2024, reg. 4(g)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2024/si/222/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u1-motorway-0015","exams":["BW"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","lesson":"motorway-rules","stem":"You are towing a caravan on a two-lane motorway carriageway. When may you use the right-hand lane?","options":["Whenever the left lane is moving below the motorway limit","Only when an obstruction or lane closure makes it necessary, or the specified lower limit lifts the ban","Whenever you intend to pass one slow vehicle","Whenever the right-hand lane appears empty"],"correct":1,"explanation":"Article 33 of the Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 keeps a towing vehicle out of the right-hand lane on a multi-lane motorway, subject to an obstruction, lane closure or the specified lower-limit condition.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 (S.I. No. 182 of 1997)","provision":"Art. 33(1)(d), (e), as substituted by S.I. No. 222 of 2024, reg. 4(g)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2024/si/222/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u1-motorway-0016","exams":["BW"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","lesson":"motorway-rules","stem":"A roadworks speed limit of 80 km/h applies on a motorway. How does this affect the right-hand lane ban for your car towing a trailer?","options":["The ban remains until the limit falls below 60 km/h","The ban applies only during darkness","The right-hand lane ban is lifted while that roadworks limit applies","The towing vehicle must stop before entering that lane"],"correct":2,"explanation":"Article 33 of the Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 lifts this class-based right-hand lane ban where a special or roadworks speed limit of 80 km/h or less applies.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 (S.I. No. 182 of 1997)","provision":"Art. 33(1)(d), (e), as substituted by S.I. No. 222 of 2024, reg. 4(g)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2024/si/222/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u1-motorway-0018","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","lesson":"motorway-rules","stem":"Which continuous line colours mark the left and right edges of a motorway carriageway?","options":["White on the left and yellow on the right","Yellow on both edges","White on both edges","Yellow on the left and white on the right"],"correct":3,"explanation":"Regulations 77 and 78 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025, as substituted by the current provision, place a continuous yellow line at the left edge and a continuous white line at the right edge.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regs 77, 78, as substituted by S.I. No. 205 of 2026, reg. 3(d)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2026/si/205/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u1-motorway-0019","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","lesson":"motorway-rules","stem":"A lane control signal shows a red X over your lane. What must you do at that signal?","options":["Continue if the lane ahead looks clear","Do not proceed past the signal in that lane","Pass the signal and then move left","Stop only if another vehicle is ahead"],"correct":1,"explanation":"Regulation 37 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 makes a red X a prohibition on proceeding past the signal in the lane it controls.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Reg. 37","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u1-motorway-0020","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","lesson":"motorway-rules","stem":"You see a red X beside the lane you are using. Which rule applies?","options":["The lane remains open to vehicles below 80 km/h","The signal is advice to change lanes when convenient","Traffic in that lane must not go past the signal","Only heavy vehicles must leave the lane"],"correct":2,"explanation":"Under regulation 37 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025, traffic in the lane controlled by a red X must not proceed beyond that signal.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Reg. 37","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u1-motorway-0021","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","lesson":"motorway-rules","stem":"A lane control signal shows an arrow pointing downwards and inclined to the left. What must you do?","options":["Remain in the lane and stop beneath the arrow","Move right without regard to traffic there","Treat the arrow as optional lane advice","Move into the next lane to the left and yield to traffic already in it"],"correct":3,"explanation":"Regulation 15 of the Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) (Amendment) (No. 2) Regulations 2012 requires movement in the inclined arrow's direction and requires you to yield to traffic already in that lane.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) (Amendment) (No. 2) Regulations 2012 (S.I. No. 332 of 2012)","provision":"Reg. 15, as substituted by S.I. No. 222 of 2024, reg. 6","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2024/si/222/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u1-lanes-0001","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"Which side of the road must you normally use so other traffic can pass on your right?","options":["The left side","The centre of the road","The right side","Either side when traffic is light"],"correct":0,"explanation":"Article 9 of the Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 requires a vehicle to be driven on the left so traffic can pass on the right without danger or inconvenience.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 (S.I. No. 182 of 1997)","provision":"Art. 9","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/1997/si/182/made/en/html#article9","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u1-lanes-0002","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"On an ordinary two-way road, how should you position your vehicle under the keep-left rule?","options":["Near the centre so traffic can pass on both sides","On the left so oncoming and overtaking traffic can pass on your right","On the right whenever no vehicle is approaching","Across the centre when the road is wide"],"correct":1,"explanation":"The keep-left rule in article 9 of the Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 places your vehicle on the left, allowing other traffic to pass on the right safely.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 (S.I. No. 182 of 1997)","provision":"Art. 9","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/1997/si/182/made/en/html#article9","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u1-lanes-0003","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"You want to overtake a cyclist, but doing so would inconvenience the cyclist. What must you do?","options":["Overtake if you sound the horn first","Overtake if you stay within the road limit","Do not overtake while it would cause danger or inconvenience","Overtake before another vehicle approaches"],"correct":2,"explanation":"Article 10(1) of the Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 prohibits overtaking or attempting to overtake when it would endanger or inconvenience the cyclist or another person.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 (S.I. No. 182 of 1997)","provision":"Art. 10(1), as substituted by S.I. No. 473 of 2025, reg. 2(c)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/473/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u1-lanes-0004","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"An e-scooter user is ahead and there is too little room to pass without causing inconvenience. May you overtake?","options":["Yes, if your vehicle is faster","Yes, if you do not cross the centre line","Yes, if you complete the move quickly","No, overtaking must not endanger or inconvenience that person"],"correct":3,"explanation":"The overtaking duty in article 10(1) of the Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 expressly protects e-scooter users and others from danger or inconvenience caused by an overtake.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 (S.I. No. 182 of 1997)","provision":"Art. 10(1), as substituted by S.I. No. 473 of 2025, reg. 2(c)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/473/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u1-lanes-0005","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"What is the legal test before you try to overtake an e-moped user or any other road user?","options":["The manoeuvre must not endanger or cause inconvenience to anyone","Your vehicle must be able to travel at the road limit","The person ahead must signal permission to pass","You must finish before reaching the next road marking"],"correct":0,"explanation":"Article 10(1) of the Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 forbids an overtaking attempt that would endanger or inconvenience an e-moped user or any other person.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 (S.I. No. 182 of 1997)","provision":"Art. 10(1), as substituted by S.I. No. 473 of 2025, reg. 2(c)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/473/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u1-lanes-0006","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"The road ahead is clear, but the available stretch is too short to finish an overtake safely. What must you do?","options":["Begin overtaking and return early","Wait because the road must also be long and wide enough to complete the manoeuvre","Overtake if no pedestrian is visible","Move out and let the other driver slow down"],"correct":1,"explanation":"Article 10(2) of the Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 requires both a clear road ahead and enough length and width to complete the overtake safely.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 (S.I. No. 182 of 1997)","provision":"Art. 10(2)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/1997/si/182/made/en/html#article10","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u1-lanes-0007","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"Before overtaking, what must be true about oncoming traffic, pedestrians and obstructions ahead?","options":["They may be present if you use the right side","Only oncoming traffic needs to be absent","The road ahead must be clear of all three","They may be present if the road is wide"],"correct":2,"explanation":"The clear-road condition in article 10(2) of the Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 requires the road ahead to be clear of approaching traffic, pedestrians and obstructions.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 (S.I. No. 182 of 1997)","provision":"Art. 10(2)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/1997/si/182/made/en/html#article10","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u1-lanes-0008","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"The road is long and wide enough for an overtake, but an oncoming vehicle is approaching. May you start?","options":["Yes, if the vehicle ahead is slow","Yes, if you signal before moving out","Yes, if the centre line is broken","No, the road ahead must also be clear of oncoming traffic"],"correct":3,"explanation":"Article 10(2) of the Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 requires the road ahead to be clear as well as sufficiently long and wide. One condition cannot replace the other.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 (S.I. No. 182 of 1997)","provision":"Art. 10(2)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/1997/si/182/made/en/html#article10","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u1-lanes-0009","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"A no overtaking sign applies to the stretch of road you are using. What must you do?","options":["Do not overtake on that stretch","Overtake only on the left","Overtake only during daylight","Overtake only one vehicle at a time"],"correct":0,"explanation":"Article 10(3) of the Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 prohibits overtaking on a road stretch to which a no overtaking sign applies.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 (S.I. No. 182 of 1997)","provision":"Art. 10(3), as substituted by S.I. No. 473 of 2025, reg. 2(c)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/473/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u1-lanes-0010","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"You are driving a motor vehicle on a road marked as a cycle street. What overtaking rule applies?","options":["You may overtake only cyclists","You must not overtake on that stretch","You may overtake when no cyclist is present","You may overtake below 30 km/h"],"correct":1,"explanation":"Article 10(3) of the Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 bars a motor vehicle driver from overtaking on a cycle street. The exception is for cyclists, e-moped users and e-scooter users.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 (S.I. No. 182 of 1997)","provision":"Art. 10(3), as substituted by S.I. No. 473 of 2025, reg. 2(c)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/473/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u1-lanes-0011","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"On which side should you normally overtake, and when should you return to the left?","options":["On the left, returning when the other driver signals","On either side, returning at the next junction","On the right, returning to the left only when it is safe","On the right, returning as soon as your front wheels pass"],"correct":2,"explanation":"Article 10(4) of the Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 sets overtaking on the right as the general rule and requires a safe return to the left.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 (S.I. No. 182 of 1997)","provision":"Art. 10(4)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/1997/si/182/made/en/html#article10","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u1-lanes-0012","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"The vehicle ahead has signalled a right turn while you intend to continue straight. When may you pass it on the left?","options":["Whenever it slows, even if you intend to turn right","Only after it begins moving right, regardless of space","Only when another driver waves you through","When you can pass on the left while continuing straight without breaking the overtaking rules"],"correct":3,"explanation":"Article 10(5)(a) of the Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 permits a driver to overtake on the left when the vehicle ahead has signalled right and the driver will continue straight or turn left.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 (S.I. No. 182 of 1997)","provision":"Art. 10(5)(a), as substituted by S.I. No. 473 of 2025, reg. 2(c)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/473/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u1-lanes-0013","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"You have signalled that you will turn left at the next junction. Which overtaking action can the rule permit?","options":["Overtaking on the left before making that left turn","Overtaking on the right after entering the left-turn lane","Passing on either side without yielding","Using the footpath to pass a waiting vehicle"],"correct":0,"explanation":"Article 10(5)(a) of the Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 includes a driver who has signalled a left turn at the next junction among the limited cases for overtaking on the left.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 (S.I. No. 182 of 1997)","provision":"Art. 10(5)(a), as substituted by S.I. No. 473 of 2025, reg. 2(c)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/473/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u1-lanes-0014","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"Traffic is moving slowly in lanes and the lane on your right is moving more slowly than yours. May you pass vehicles on the left?","options":["No, passing on the left is never permitted","Yes, this slow-moving traffic situation is one of the permitted cases","Yes, but only if you leave your lane first","No, unless every vehicle on the right has stopped"],"correct":1,"explanation":"Article 10(5)(a) of the Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 permits overtaking on the left in slow-moving traffic when the lane to the right is moving more slowly.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 (S.I. No. 182 of 1997)","provision":"Art. 10(5)(a), as substituted by S.I. No. 473 of 2025, reg. 2(c)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/473/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u1-lanes-0015","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"A cyclist is coming up on your left while your vehicle is signalling left and is expected to turn first. What exception applies?","options":["The cyclist must pass because left-side passing is always required","The cyclist may pass only by using the footpath","The cyclist must not pass on the left in that situation","The cyclist must wait only when your vehicle is moving quickly"],"correct":2,"explanation":"Article 10(5)(b) of the Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 generally permits cyclists to pass slower or stationary traffic on the left, but excludes a left-signalling vehicle expected to turn first.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 (S.I. No. 182 of 1997)","provision":"Art. 10(5)(b), as substituted by S.I. No. 473 of 2025, reg. 2(c)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/473/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u1-lanes-0016","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"Before moving into another traffic lane, to whom must you yield?","options":["Only to vehicles behind you in your present lane","Only to vehicles travelling faster than you","Only to traffic entering from a side road","Traffic already travelling in the lane you want to enter"],"correct":3,"explanation":"Article 8(8) of the Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 requires a driver changing lanes to yield the right of way to traffic already in the other lane.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 (S.I. No. 182 of 1997)","provision":"Art. 8(8)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/1997/si/182/made/en/html#article8","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u1-lanes-0017","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"You signal to change lanes, but a vehicle is already beside you in the target lane. Who has right of way?","options":["The vehicle already in the target lane","You, because you signalled first","Whichever vehicle is nearer the lane line","Whichever vehicle is travelling faster"],"correct":0,"explanation":"The lane-change rule in article 8(8) of the Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 gives right of way to traffic already in the lane you intend to enter.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 (S.I. No. 182 of 1997)","provision":"Art. 8(8)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/1997/si/182/made/en/html#article8","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u1-lanes-0018","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"A continuous white line runs along the road beside your lane. What is the general rule?","options":["Cross it whenever the road ahead is clear","Do not cross the continuous white line","Cross it only while overtaking a slow vehicle","Treat it in the same way as a broken line"],"correct":1,"explanation":"Article 25 of the Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 generally prohibits crossing a continuous white line laid along the roadway.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 (S.I. No. 182 of 1997)","provision":"Art. 25(1) to (4), (6); (6) inserted by S.I. No. 332 of 2012, reg. 16(j)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/1997/si/182/made/en/html#article25","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u1-lanes-0019","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"A continuous white line and a broken white line run side by side. Which line controls what you may do?","options":["The line farthest from your vehicle","The broken line in every case","The line nearest your vehicle","The line chosen by the vehicle ahead"],"correct":2,"explanation":"Under article 25 of the Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997, where continuous and broken lines are side by side, you obey the line nearest your vehicle.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 (S.I. No. 182 of 1997)","provision":"Art. 25(1) to (4), (6); (6) inserted by S.I. No. 332 of 2012, reg. 16(j)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/1997/si/182/made/en/html#article25","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u1-lanes-0020","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"A premises entrance is on the right beyond a continuous white line. What exception can allow you to cross the line?","options":["You may cross whenever traffic behind is delayed","You may cross to overtake before the entrance","You may cross because every right turn has priority","You may cross to enter or leave premises on the right"],"correct":3,"explanation":"Article 25 of the Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 provides an exception allowing a continuous white line to be crossed to enter or leave premises on the right.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 (S.I. No. 182 of 1997)","provision":"Art. 25(1) to (4), (6); (6) inserted by S.I. No. 332 of 2012, reg. 16(j)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/1997/si/182/made/en/html#article25","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u1-lanes-0021","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"You approach a hatched area that separates merging traffic streams. May you drive into it?","options":["No, a vehicle must not enter the hatched area","Yes, when changing lanes","Yes, when the markings look clear","Yes, when traffic is slow"],"correct":0,"explanation":"Article 26 of the Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 prohibits a vehicle from entering the marked hatched area used where traffic streams merge or diverge.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 (S.I. No. 182 of 1997)","provision":"Art. 26","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/1997/si/182/made/en/html#article26","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u1-lanes-0022","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"A hatched area marks where lanes diverge, and the route you want is across it. What must you do?","options":["Enter the area if you signal","Stay out of the hatched area","Cross it if no vehicle is beside you","Use it only to change direction"],"correct":1,"explanation":"The hatched-area rule in article 26 of the Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 prohibits driving into the marked area, including where traffic streams diverge.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 (S.I. No. 182 of 1997)","provision":"Art. 26","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/1997/si/182/made/en/html#article26","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u1-lanes-0023","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"Your lane has a road arrow pointing left. Which direction must you follow from that lane?","options":["Straight ahead if the junction is clear","Either direction chosen by the vehicle ahead","Left, as indicated by the lane arrow","Right if you signal before the arrow"],"correct":2,"explanation":"Article 27 of the Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 requires traffic in a lane marked with a directional arrow to proceed in the direction that arrow shows.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 (S.I. No. 182 of 1997)","provision":"Art. 27(2), (3); (3) as substituted by S.I. No. 473 of 2025, reg. 2(f)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/1997/si/182/made/en/html#article27","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u1-lanes-0024","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"At roadworks, temporary orange lines and arrows replace the usual white markings. How must you treat them?","options":["As guidance that applies only to heavy vehicles","As markings that may be ignored when traffic is light","As warnings with no effect on lane movement","As binding markings with the same effect as the white ones they replace"],"correct":3,"explanation":"Article 27A of the Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 gives temporary orange roadworks lines and arrows the same legal effect as the white markings they replace.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 (S.I. No. 182 of 1997)","provision":"Art. 27A, inserted by S.I. No. 332 of 2012, reg. 16(k)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2012/si/332/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u16-sign-0011","exams":["BW","AM","C","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"At the approach end of an obstruction in the traffic stream, this sign faces you. What does it mean?","options":["A mini-roundabout ahead","Turn left here","Keep to the left of the sign","No entry for vehicles"],"explanation":"The picture shows the keep left sign. It is a mandatory sign in Part 1 of Schedule 1 to the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025. Regulation 4(1) says a blue mandatory disc shows the direction or route traffic must take, and this one sends traffic to the left of it.","correct":2,"source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 4(1)(a); Schedule 1, Part 1","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/print","reviewed":"2026-09-16","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"},"sign":"RUS 001","image":{"src":"/signs/rus-001-eisb.png","alt":"Road sign"}},{"id":"u16-sign-0012","exams":["BW","AM","C","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"Which of the four signs tells traffic to keep left?","options":["Sign A","Sign B","Sign C","Sign D"],"explanation":"Sign A is the keep left sign. It is a mandatory sign in Part 1 of Schedule 1 to the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025. Regulation 4(1) says a blue mandatory disc shows the direction or route traffic must take, and this one sends traffic to the left of it.","optionImages":[{"src":"/signs/rus-001-eisb.png","alt":"Sign A"},{"src":"/signs/rus-020.svg","alt":"Sign B"},{"src":"/signs/rus-060.svg","alt":"Sign C"},{"src":"/signs/rus-026a.svg","alt":"Sign D"}],"correct":0,"source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 4(1)(a); Schedule 1, Part 1","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/print","reviewed":"2026-09-16","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"},"sign":"RUS 001"},{"id":"u16-sign-0021","exams":["BW","AM","C","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"Where the traffic stream splits around an island, this sign stands at the near end. What message does it give?","options":["Turn left here","Keep straight ahead","Yield right of way to traffic on the major road ahead","Keep to the right of the sign"],"explanation":"This is the keep right sign. Regulation 4(1) of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 makes a blue mandatory disc show the direction or route traffic must take. This one, listed in Part 1 of Schedule 1, sends traffic to the right of it.","correct":3,"source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 4(1)(a); Schedule 1, Part 1","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/print","reviewed":"2026-09-16","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"},"sign":"RUS 002","image":{"src":"/signs/rus-002-eisb.png","alt":"Road sign"}},{"id":"u16-sign-0031","exams":["BW","AM","C","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"Ahead, a splitter island divides the traffic stream and this sign stands at its near end. How do you read this sign?","options":["Turn left at the junction ahead","Yield right of way to traffic on the major road ahead","No entry for vehicles","You may pass the sign on either side"],"explanation":"You are looking at the pass either side sign. Listed in Part 1 of Schedule 1 to the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025, it is a mandatory sign under Regulation 4(1) and shows that traffic may go by on the left or on the right.","correct":3,"source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 4(1)(a); Schedule 1, Part 1","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/print","reviewed":"2026-09-16","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"},"sign":"RUS 003","image":{"src":"/signs/rus-003-eisb.png","alt":"Road sign"}},{"id":"u16-sign-0042","exams":["BW","AM","C","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"One of these signs tells traffic to keep straight ahead. Which one?","options":["Sign A","Sign B","Sign C","Sign D"],"explanation":"Sign D is the keep straight ahead sign. Under Regulation 4(1) of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 a mandatory sign shows the route traffic must take, and this one, in Part 1 of Schedule 1, requires traffic to go straight on rather than turn.","optionImages":[{"src":"/signs/rus-016.svg","alt":"Sign A"},{"src":"/signs/rus-070-eisb.png","alt":"Sign B"},{"src":"/signs/rus-046.svg","alt":"Sign C"},{"src":"/signs/rus-004-eisb.png","alt":"Sign D"}],"correct":3,"source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 4(1)(a); Schedule 1, Part 1","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/print","reviewed":"2026-09-16","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"},"sign":"RUS 004"},{"id":"u16-sign-0043","exams":["BW","AM","C","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"Because of this sign, what must you do?","options":["Turn right at the junction ahead","Yield to traffic on the major road ahead","Go straight ahead","Keep to the left of the sign"],"explanation":"The keep straight ahead sign is a mandatory sign under Regulation 4(1) of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025, listed in Part 1 of Schedule 1. It requires traffic to go straight on. Keeping left, turning right further on and yielding are what other signs ask for.","correct":2,"source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 4(1)(a); Schedule 1, Part 1","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/print","reviewed":"2026-09-16","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"},"sign":"RUS 004","image":{"src":"/signs/rus-004-eisb.png","alt":"Road sign"}},{"id":"u16-sign-0051","exams":["BW","AM","C","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"Which of these matches this sign?","options":["Turn right here","Keep to the left of the sign","A track shared by pedestrians and cyclists","Vehicles must not be parked here"],"explanation":"The picture shows the turn right sign. It is a mandatory sign in Part 1 of Schedule 1 to the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025. Regulation 4(1) says such a sign shows the direction traffic must take, which here is a right turn where the sign stands.","correct":0,"source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 4(1)(a); Schedule 1, Part 1","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/print","reviewed":"2026-09-16","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"},"sign":"RUS 005","image":{"src":"/signs/rus-005-eisb.png","alt":"Road sign"}},{"id":"u16-sign-0062","exams":["BW","AM","C","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"Choose the sign that tells traffic to turn left where the sign stands.","options":["Sign A","Sign B","Sign C","Sign D"],"explanation":"Sign A is the turn left sign. Under Regulation 4(1) of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025, this mandatory sign from Part 1 of Schedule 1 shows the direction traffic must take: a left turn at the sign.","optionImages":[{"src":"/signs/rus-006-eisb.png","alt":"Sign A"},{"src":"/signs/rus-053.svg","alt":"Sign B"},{"src":"/signs/rus-026.svg","alt":"Sign C"},{"src":"/signs/rvms-104-eisb.png","alt":"Sign D"}],"correct":0,"source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 4(1)(a); Schedule 1, Part 1","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/print","reviewed":"2026-09-16","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"},"sign":"RUS 006"},{"id":"u16-sign-0071","exams":["BW","AM","C","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"As you near a junction, this sign comes into view. What does this sign mean?","options":["Turn left at the junction ahead","A mini-roundabout ahead","Keep to the left of the sign","Yield right of way to traffic on the major road ahead"],"explanation":"You are looking at the turn left ahead sign. It is a mandatory sign in Part 1 of Schedule 1 to the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025. Under Regulation 4(1) it shows the route traffic must take, and the turn it requires is further on, not at the sign.","correct":0,"source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 4(1)(a); Schedule 1, Part 1","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/print","reviewed":"2026-09-16","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"},"sign":"RUS 007","image":{"src":"/signs/rus-007-eisb.png","alt":"Road sign"}},{"id":"u16-sign-0082","exams":["BW","AM","C","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"Which sign tells traffic it must turn right at the junction ahead?","options":["Sign A","Sign B","Sign C","Sign D"],"explanation":"Sign B is the turn right ahead sign. Listed in Part 1 of Schedule 1 to the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025, it is a mandatory sign under Regulation 4(1). The route it requires turns right further on, not where the sign stands.","optionImages":[{"src":"/signs/rus-057.svg","alt":"Sign A"},{"src":"/signs/rus-008-eisb.png","alt":"Sign B"},{"src":"/signs/rvms-104-eisb.png","alt":"Sign C"},{"src":"/signs/rus-035-eisb.png","alt":"Sign D"}],"correct":1,"source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 4(1)(a); Schedule 1, Part 1","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/print","reviewed":"2026-09-16","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"},"sign":"RUS 008"},{"id":"u16-sign-0091","exams":["BW","AM","C","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"Driving into a city centre, you see this sign beside the left-hand lane. What does it tell you?","options":["A cycle track running with the flow of traffic","Vehicles must not be parked here","A tram lane","A stand for taxis"],"explanation":"The picture shows the with-flow cycle track sign. Regulation 5 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 provides that, with the matching road markings, it indicates a cycle track: part of the road provided mainly for pedal cycles, e-mopeds and electric scooters.","correct":0,"source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 5(1); Schedule 1, Part 1","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/print","reviewed":"2026-09-16","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"},"sign":"RUS 009","image":{"src":"/signs/rus-009-eisb.png","alt":"Road sign"}},{"id":"u16-sign-0092","exams":["BW","AM","C","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"Choose the sign that marks a cycle track running with the flow of traffic.","options":["Sign A","Sign B","Sign C","Sign D"],"explanation":"Sign D is the with-flow cycle track sign. Regulation 5 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 provides that, with the matching road markings, it indicates a cycle track: part of the road provided mainly for pedal cycles, e-mopeds and electric scooters.","optionImages":[{"src":"/signs/rus-051-eisb.png","alt":"Sign A"},{"src":"/signs/rus-019.svg","alt":"Sign B"},{"src":"/signs/rus-061.svg","alt":"Sign C"},{"src":"/signs/rus-009-eisb.png","alt":"Sign D"}],"correct":3,"source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 5(1); Schedule 1, Part 1","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/print","reviewed":"2026-09-16","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"},"sign":"RUS 009"},{"id":"u16-sign-0101","exams":["BW","AM","C","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"What is this sign telling you?","options":["This stretch of road is a clearway","Pedal cycles, e-mopeds and electric scooters must not go past","Vehicles must not go straight ahead","A speed limit that applies to trams"],"explanation":"The picture shows the clearway sign. It is one of the prohibitory signs in Part 1 of Schedule 2 to the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025. Regulation 14 lets a prohibitory sign forbid parking or stopping where it is provided, and a plate beneath can give the hours.","correct":0,"source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 14(2)(d), (4); Schedule 2, Part 1","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/print","reviewed":"2026-09-16","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"},"sign":"RUS 010","image":{"src":"/signs/rus-010-eisb.png","alt":"Road sign"}},{"id":"u16-sign-0102","exams":["BW","AM","C","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"Pick the sign that marks a clearway.","options":["Sign A","Sign B","Sign C","Sign D"],"explanation":"Sign D is the clearway sign. It is one of the prohibitory signs in Part 1 of Schedule 2 to the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025. Regulation 14 lets a prohibitory sign forbid parking or stopping where it is provided, and a plate beneath can give the hours.","optionImages":[{"src":"/signs/rus-003-eisb.png","alt":"Sign A"},{"src":"/signs/rvms-102-eisb.png","alt":"Sign B"},{"src":"/signs/rus-050-eisb.png","alt":"Sign C"},{"src":"/signs/rus-010-eisb.png","alt":"Sign D"}],"correct":3,"source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 14(2)(d), (4); Schedule 2, Part 1","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/print","reviewed":"2026-09-16","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"},"sign":"RUS 010"},{"id":"u16-sign-0111","exams":["BW","AM","C","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"A junction is just ahead, and this sign stands on the approach. What is the meaning of the sign?","options":["Keep to the left of the sign","Vehicles must not go straight ahead","A mini-roundabout ahead","Yield right of way to traffic on the major road ahead"],"explanation":"The picture shows the no straight ahead sign. It is a prohibitory sign in Part 1 of Schedule 2 to the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025. Under Regulation 14(2)(a) a vehicle must not go in the direction of the arrow shown, which here is straight on.","correct":1,"source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 14(2)(a); Schedule 2, Part 1","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/print","reviewed":"2026-09-16","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"},"sign":"RUS 011","image":{"src":"/signs/rus-011.svg","alt":"Road sign"}},{"id":"u16-sign-0112","exams":["BW","AM","C","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"Which sign bans going straight ahead?","options":["Sign A","Sign B","Sign C","Sign D"],"explanation":"Sign D is the no straight ahead sign. It is a prohibitory sign in Part 1 of Schedule 2 to the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025. Under Regulation 14(2)(a) a vehicle must not go in the direction of the arrow shown, which here is straight on.","optionImages":[{"src":"/signs/rus-028-eisb.png","alt":"Sign A"},{"src":"/signs/rus-020.svg","alt":"Sign B"},{"src":"/signs/rus-045-eisb.png","alt":"Sign C"},{"src":"/signs/rus-011.svg","alt":"Sign D"}],"correct":3,"source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 14(2)(a); Schedule 2, Part 1","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/print","reviewed":"2026-09-16","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"},"sign":"RUS 011"},{"id":"u16-sign-0122","exams":["BW","AM","C","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"Which of the four signs bans turning right?","options":["Sign A","Sign B","Sign C","Sign D"],"explanation":"Sign C is the no right turn sign. It is a prohibitory sign in Part 1 of Schedule 2 to the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025. Under Regulation 14(2)(a) a vehicle must not go in the direction of the arrow shown, which here is a right turn.","optionImages":[{"src":"/signs/rus-036-eisb.png","alt":"Sign A"},{"src":"/signs/rus-052.svg","alt":"Sign B"},{"src":"/signs/rus-012.svg","alt":"Sign C"},{"src":"/signs/rus-001-eisb.png","alt":"Sign D"}],"correct":2,"source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 14(2)(a); Schedule 2, Part 1","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/print","reviewed":"2026-09-16","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"},"sign":"RUS 012"},{"id":"u16-sign-0123","exams":["BW","AM","C","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"Slowing down for a junction, you see this sign. What does this sign tell you not to do?","options":["Overtake another vehicle","Turn left","Turn right","Go straight ahead"],"explanation":"Under Regulation 14(2)(a) of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025, a prohibitory sign with an arrow means a vehicle must not go in that direction, and on the no right turn sign that is a right turn. The sign says nothing about turning left, going straight on or overtaking.","correct":2,"source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 14(2)(a); Schedule 2, Part 1","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/print","reviewed":"2026-09-16","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"},"sign":"RUS 012","image":{"src":"/signs/rus-012.svg","alt":"Road sign"}},{"id":"u16-sign-0131","exams":["BW","AM","C","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"Driving through a town, you come up to a junction with this sign. What does it mean?","options":["Yield right of way to traffic on the major road ahead","A mini-roundabout ahead","Stop before entering the major road","Vehicles must not turn left"],"explanation":"That is the no left turn sign. Part 1 of Schedule 2 to the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 lists it as a prohibitory sign. Regulation 14(2)(a) means a vehicle must not go the way its arrow points, which is a left turn.","correct":3,"source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 14(2)(a); Schedule 2, Part 1","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/print","reviewed":"2026-09-16","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"},"sign":"RUS 013","image":{"src":"/signs/rus-013.svg","alt":"Road sign"}},{"id":"u16-sign-0142","exams":["BW","AM","C","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"Which sign bans overtaking?","options":["Sign A","Sign B","Sign C","Sign D"],"explanation":"Sign D is the no overtaking sign. It is a prohibitory sign in Part 1 of Schedule 2 to the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025. Article 10(3) of the Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 says a driver must not overtake, or try to overtake, on a stretch of road where it is provided.","optionImages":[{"src":"/signs/rus-028-eisb.png","alt":"Sign A"},{"src":"/signs/rus-032a-eisb.png","alt":"Sign B"},{"src":"/signs/rus-049-eisb.png","alt":"Sign C"},{"src":"/signs/rus-014.svg","alt":"Sign D"}],"correct":3,"source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 (S.I. No. 182 of 1997)","provision":"Article 10(3), as substituted by S.I. No. 473 of 2025, reg. 2(c)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/473/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-16","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"},"sign":"RUS 014"},{"id":"u16-sign-0143","exams":["BW","AM","C","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"Behind a slow tractor on a winding country road, you see this sign. Which of these does it not allow?","options":["Overtake other vehicles","Turn left at the next junction","Park at the side of the road","Make a U-turn"],"explanation":"This is the no overtaking sign in Part 1 of Schedule 2 to the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025. Article 10(3) of the Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 says a driver must not overtake, or try to overtake, on a stretch of road where it is provided. Turning, parking and U-turns are dealt with by other signs.","correct":0,"source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 (S.I. No. 182 of 1997)","provision":"Article 10(3), as substituted by S.I. No. 473 of 2025, reg. 2(c)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/473/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-16","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"},"sign":"RUS 014","image":{"src":"/signs/rus-014.svg","alt":"Road sign"}},{"id":"u16-sign-0161","exams":["BW","AM","C","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"What message does this sign give?","options":["A speed limit of 20 km/h","The height of the structure ahead, in metres","Vehicles with at least the axles shown must not use the right-hand lane","Overtaking is not allowed"],"explanation":"The picture shows the height restriction sign. Regulation 23 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 provides that, on or near a structure, it shows the height of that structure, with the figure given in metres.","correct":1,"source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 23(1), (2); Schedule 2, Part 2","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/print","reviewed":"2026-09-16","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"},"sign":"RUS 016","image":{"src":"/signs/rus-016.svg","alt":"Road sign"}},{"id":"u16-sign-0172","exams":["BW","AM","C","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"Which sign bans U-turns?","options":["Sign A","Sign B","Sign C","Sign D"],"explanation":"Sign D is the no U-turn sign. It is a prohibitory sign in Part 1 of Schedule 2 to the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 under Regulation 14, and it forbids turning to go back the way you came.","optionImages":[{"src":"/signs/rus-040-eisb.png","alt":"Sign A"},{"src":"/signs/rus-002-eisb.png","alt":"Sign B"},{"src":"/signs/rus-026.svg","alt":"Sign C"},{"src":"/signs/rus-017.svg","alt":"Sign D"}],"correct":3,"source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 14; Schedule 2, Part 1","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/print","reviewed":"2026-09-16","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"},"sign":"RUS 017"},{"id":"u16-sign-0173","exams":["BW","AM","C","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"You are approaching a junction and see this sign. Which of these does it not allow?","options":["Turn left at the junction","Make a U-turn","Overtake another vehicle","Park at the side of the road"],"explanation":"The no U-turn sign is a prohibitory sign under Regulation 14 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025, listed in Part 1 of Schedule 2. It forbids a U-turn. Turning left, overtaking and parking are not what this sign controls.","correct":1,"source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 14; Schedule 2, Part 1","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/print","reviewed":"2026-09-16","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"},"sign":"RUS 017","image":{"src":"/signs/rus-017.svg","alt":"Road sign"}},{"id":"u16-sign-0181","exams":["BW","AM","C","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"You pull in at the kerb on a main street and then spot this sign. What does this sign mean?","options":["Parking is permitted here","A bus lane running against the flow of traffic","This stretch of road is a clearway","Vehicles must not be parked here"],"explanation":"This is the parking permitted sign. It is a restrictive sign in Part 2 of Schedule 2 to the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025. It marks where parking is permitted, and under Regulation 22(3) a plate can show the period or the kind of vehicle it covers.","correct":0,"source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 22(1), (3); Schedule 2, Part 2","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/print","reviewed":"2026-09-16","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"},"sign":"RUS 018","image":{"src":"/signs/rus-018.svg","alt":"Road sign"}},{"id":"u16-sign-0191","exams":["BW","AM","C","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"You want to stop on a busy town street and see this sign at the kerb. What is the meaning of the sign?","options":["A bus lane running against the flow of traffic","A cycle track running against the flow of traffic","Vehicles must not be parked here","Parking is permitted here"],"explanation":"That is the no parking sign. It is a prohibitory sign in Part 1 of Schedule 2 to the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025. Article 36(2)(b) of the Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 says a vehicle must not be parked where it is provided, during any period on the plate below it. It is the clearway sign that also bans stopping.","correct":2,"source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 (S.I. No. 182 of 1997)","provision":"Article 36(2)(b), as substituted by S.I. No. 332 of 2012, reg. 16(m)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2012/si/332/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-16","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"},"sign":"RUS 019","image":{"src":"/signs/rus-019.svg","alt":"Road sign"}},{"id":"u16-sign-0192","exams":["BW","AM","C","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"Which sign bans parking?","options":["Sign A","Sign B","Sign C","Sign D"],"explanation":"Sign A is the no parking sign. It is a prohibitory sign in Part 1 of Schedule 2 to the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025. Article 36(2)(b) of the Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 says a vehicle must not be parked where it is provided, during any period on the plate below it. It is the clearway sign that also bans stopping.","optionImages":[{"src":"/signs/rus-019.svg","alt":"Sign A"},{"src":"/signs/rus-051-eisb.png","alt":"Sign B"},{"src":"/signs/rus-004-eisb.png","alt":"Sign C"},{"src":"/signs/rus-060.svg","alt":"Sign D"}],"correct":0,"source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 (S.I. No. 182 of 1997)","provision":"Article 36(2)(b), as substituted by S.I. No. 332 of 2012, reg. 16(m)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2012/si/332/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-16","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"},"sign":"RUS 019"},{"id":"u16-sign-0202","exams":["BW","AM","C","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"Find the sign that marks a stand for taxis.","options":["Sign A","Sign B","Sign C","Sign D"],"explanation":"Sign B is the taxi stand sign. It is a restrictive sign in Part 2 of Schedule 2 to the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025, made under Regulation 22, and it marks a stand kept for taxis.","optionImages":[{"src":"/signs/rus-038.svg","alt":"Sign A"},{"src":"/signs/rus-020.svg","alt":"Sign B"},{"src":"/signs/rus-001-eisb.png","alt":"Sign C"},{"src":"/signs/rus-045-eisb.png","alt":"Sign D"}],"correct":1,"source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 22(1); Schedule 2, Part 2","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/print","reviewed":"2026-09-16","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"},"sign":"RUS 020"},{"id":"u16-sign-0211","exams":["BW","AM","C","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"What does this road sign mean?","options":["A bus priority facility is in operation","Traffic may go on past the roadworks","A bus lane running against the flow of traffic","A pedestrianised street"],"explanation":"The picture shows the pedestrianised street sign. Under Regulation 22 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 it stops vehicles entering the street, and a plate below may make an exception for deliveries or access, with the times.","correct":3,"source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 22(1), (4); Schedule 2, Part 2","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/print","reviewed":"2026-09-16","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"},"sign":"RUS 021","image":{"src":"/signs/rus-021-eisb.png","alt":"Road sign"}},{"id":"u16-sign-0212","exams":["BW","AM","C","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"Which of these signs marks a pedestrianised street?","options":["Sign A","Sign B","Sign C","Sign D"],"explanation":"Sign D is the pedestrianised street sign. Under Regulation 22 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 it stops vehicles entering the street, and a plate below may make an exception for deliveries or access, with the times.","optionImages":[{"src":"/signs/rus-007-eisb.png","alt":"Sign A"},{"src":"/signs/rus-065-eisb.png","alt":"Sign B"},{"src":"/signs/rus-030-eisb.png","alt":"Sign C"},{"src":"/signs/rus-021-eisb.png","alt":"Sign D"}],"correct":3,"source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 22(1), (4); Schedule 2, Part 2","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/print","reviewed":"2026-09-16","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"},"sign":"RUS 021"},{"id":"u16-sign-0262","exams":["BW","AM","C","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"Which sign tells you to yield right of way to traffic on the major road ahead?","options":["Sign A","Sign B","Sign C","Sign D"],"explanation":"Sign A is the yield sign. Regulation 29(2) of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 provides that it tells traffic to yield right of way to traffic on a major road ahead. The Irish legend Géill Slí on the same sign carries the same meaning.","optionImages":[{"src":"/signs/rus-026.svg","alt":"Sign A"},{"src":"/signs/rus-032a-eisb.png","alt":"Sign B"},{"src":"/signs/rvms-102-eisb.png","alt":"Sign C"},{"src":"/signs/rus-019.svg","alt":"Sign D"}],"correct":0,"source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 29(2), (3); Schedule 2, Part 3","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/print","reviewed":"2026-09-16","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"},"sign":"RUS 026"},{"id":"u16-sign-0263","exams":["BW","AM","C","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"How must you act at this sign?","options":["Yield right of way to traffic on the major road ahead","Yield only to pedestrians crossing in front of you","Carry on, as traffic on the major road must yield to you","Yield only to vehicles turning into your road"],"explanation":"Regulation 29(2) of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 provides that the yield sign tells traffic to yield right of way to traffic on the major road ahead. The duty is yours, not the major road's, and it is owed to that traffic, not only to turning vehicles or pedestrians.","correct":0,"source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 29(2), (3); Schedule 2, Part 3","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/print","reviewed":"2026-09-16","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"},"sign":"RUS 026","image":{"src":"/signs/rus-026.svg","alt":"Road sign"}},{"id":"u16-sign-0272","exams":["BW","AM","C","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"Only one of these signs tells traffic to stop before entering the major road. Which is it?","options":["Sign A","Sign B","Sign C","Sign D"],"explanation":"Sign A is the stop sign. Regulation 29(4) of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 provides that traffic must stop before entering a major road, and Regulation 29(5) describes the sign as a red octagon showing the word Stop.","optionImages":[{"src":"/signs/rus-027.svg","alt":"Sign A"},{"src":"/signs/rus-019.svg","alt":"Sign B"},{"src":"/signs/rus-040-eisb.png","alt":"Sign C"},{"src":"/signs/rus-036-eisb.png","alt":"Sign D"}],"correct":0,"source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 29(4), (5); Schedule 2, Part 3","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/print","reviewed":"2026-09-16","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"},"sign":"RUS 027"},{"id":"u16-sign-0281","exams":["BW","AM","C","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"On a busy city street, this sign stands at the start of the lane nearest the kerb. What does it tell you?","options":["A cycle track running against the flow of traffic","A tram lane","A bus lane running with the flow of traffic","This stretch of road is a clearway"],"explanation":"You are looking at the nearside with-flow bus lane sign. Regulation 10(1) of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 provides that, with the bus lane road marking, it indicates a bus lane, and the with-flow design shows buses travelling the same way as the traffic beside them.","correct":2,"source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 10(1); Schedule 1, Part 4","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/print","reviewed":"2026-09-16","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"},"sign":"RUS 028","image":{"src":"/signs/rus-028-eisb.png","alt":"Road sign"}},{"id":"u16-sign-0301","exams":["BW","AM","C","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"You turn into a one-way street in the city and see this sign. How do you read this sign?","options":["A bus lane running against the flow of traffic","A tram lane","A cycle track running with the flow of traffic","Keep to the right of the sign"],"explanation":"That is the contra-flow bus lane sign. Under Regulation 10(1) of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025, together with the bus lane road marking, it indicates a contra-flow bus lane, where buses travel against the flow of the traffic beside them.","correct":0,"source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 10(1); Schedule 1, Part 4","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/print","reviewed":"2026-09-16","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"},"sign":"RUS 030","image":{"src":"/signs/rus-030-eisb.png","alt":"Road sign"}},{"id":"u16-sign-0302","exams":["BW","AM","C","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"Find the sign that marks a contra-flow bus lane.","options":["Sign A","Sign B","Sign C","Sign D"],"explanation":"Sign D is the contra-flow bus lane sign. Under Regulation 10(1) of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025, together with the bus lane road marking, it indicates a contra-flow bus lane, where buses travel against the flow of the traffic beside them.","optionImages":[{"src":"/signs/rus-002-eisb.png","alt":"Sign A"},{"src":"/signs/rus-050-eisb.png","alt":"Sign B"},{"src":"/signs/rus-056.svg","alt":"Sign C"},{"src":"/signs/rus-030-eisb.png","alt":"Sign D"}],"correct":3,"source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 10(1); Schedule 1, Part 4","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/print","reviewed":"2026-09-16","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"},"sign":"RUS 030"},{"id":"u16-sign-0322","exams":["BW","AM","C","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"Which sign is shown by a school warden to stop traffic?","options":["Sign A","Sign B","Sign C","Sign D"],"explanation":"Sign C is the school warden sign. Regulation 30 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 provides that a school warden shows it to indicate that traffic must stop and remain stopped.","optionImages":[{"src":"/signs/rus-001-eisb.png","alt":"Sign A"},{"src":"/signs/rus-033-eisb.png","alt":"Sign B"},{"src":"/signs/rus-032.svg","alt":"Sign C"},{"src":"/signs/rus-062.svg","alt":"Sign D"}],"correct":2,"source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 30(1), (2); Schedule 2, Part 4","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/print","reviewed":"2026-09-16","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"},"sign":"RUS 032"},{"id":"u16-sign-0323","exams":["BW","AM","C","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"What must you do because of this sign?","options":["Stop and stay stopped while the warden shows it","Stop briefly, then go on while the sign is still shown","Slow down and drive past the warden with care","Stop only if a child is already on the road"],"explanation":"Regulation 30 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 provides that when a school warden shows this sign, traffic must stop and remain stopped. Slowing down is not enough, the duty does not wait for a child to step out, and a brief stop does not meet it.","correct":0,"source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 30(1), (2); Schedule 2, Part 4","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/print","reviewed":"2026-09-16","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"},"sign":"RUS 032","image":{"src":"/signs/rus-032.svg","alt":"Road sign"}},{"id":"u16-sign-0331","exams":["BW","AM","C","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"Which meaning does this sign carry?","options":["A speed limit that applies to trams","Trams must yield to other trams or to traffic on the road ahead","Trams must stop and not go on until it is safe","Stop, and stay stopped while the disc is shown"],"explanation":"You are looking at the speed limit sign for light rail vehicles. Regulation 87 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 describes a white diamond with a black border and figures, showing a speed limit that applies to a light rail vehicle, in other words a tram.","correct":0,"source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 87(1); Schedule 7, Part 2","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/print","reviewed":"2026-09-16","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"},"sign":"RUS 033","image":{"src":"/signs/rus-033-eisb.png","alt":"Road sign"}},{"id":"u16-sign-0341","exams":["BW","AM","C","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"What is this sign for?","options":["Trams must yield to other trams or to traffic on the road ahead","A speed limit that applies to trams","Trams must stop and not go on until it is safe","The end of a shared zone"],"explanation":"This is the light rail vehicles stop sign. Regulation 88 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 provides that it tells a light rail vehicle, a tram, to stop and not go on until it is safe to do so.","correct":2,"source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 88(1), (2); Schedule 7, Part 3","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/print","reviewed":"2026-09-16","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"},"sign":"RUS 034","image":{"src":"/signs/rus-034-eisb.png","alt":"Road sign"}},{"id":"u16-sign-0342","exams":["BW","AM","C","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"Which sign tells a tram to stop and not go on until it is safe?","options":["Sign A","Sign B","Sign C","Sign D"],"explanation":"Sign B is the light rail vehicles stop sign. Regulation 88 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 provides that it tells a light rail vehicle, a tram, to stop and not go on until it is safe to do so.","optionImages":[{"src":"/signs/rus-046.svg","alt":"Sign A"},{"src":"/signs/rus-034-eisb.png","alt":"Sign B"},{"src":"/signs/rus-043-eisb.png","alt":"Sign C"},{"src":"/signs/rus-049-eisb.png","alt":"Sign D"}],"correct":1,"source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 88(1), (2); Schedule 7, Part 3","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/print","reviewed":"2026-09-16","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"},"sign":"RUS 034"},{"id":"u16-sign-0351","exams":["BW","AM","C","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"Waiting at traffic lights beside a tram line, you notice this sign. What message does it give?","options":["A speed limit that applies to trams","Trams must stop and not go on until it is safe","Vehicles must not go straight ahead","Trams must yield to other trams or to traffic on the road ahead"],"explanation":"This is the light rail vehicles yield sign. Under Regulation 89 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025, it tells a light rail vehicle to yield right of way to another light rail vehicle or to traffic on the road ahead.","correct":3,"source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 89(1), (2); Schedule 7, Part 4","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/print","reviewed":"2026-09-16","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"},"sign":"RUS 035","image":{"src":"/signs/rus-035-eisb.png","alt":"Road sign"}},{"id":"u16-sign-0361","exams":["BW","AM","C","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"Driving along a city street with tram tracks, you see this sign. What is it telling you?","options":["A bus lane running with the flow of traffic","A tram lane","Trams must yield to other trams or to traffic on the road ahead","U-turns are not allowed"],"explanation":"You are looking at the nearside tram lane sign. Regulation 90(1) of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 provides that, with the tram lane line, it indicates a tram lane.","correct":1,"source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 90(1), (2); Schedule 7, Part 5","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/print","reviewed":"2026-09-16","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"},"sign":"RUS 036","image":{"src":"/signs/rus-036-eisb.png","alt":"Road sign"}},{"id":"u16-sign-0362","exams":["BW","AM","C","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"Which sign marks a tram lane?","options":["Sign A","Sign B","Sign C","Sign D"],"explanation":"Sign B is the nearside tram lane sign. Regulation 90(1) of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 provides that, with the tram lane line, it indicates a tram lane.","optionImages":[{"src":"/signs/rus-006-eisb.png","alt":"Sign A"},{"src":"/signs/rus-036-eisb.png","alt":"Sign B"},{"src":"/signs/rus-035-eisb.png","alt":"Sign C"},{"src":"/signs/rus-016.svg","alt":"Sign D"}],"correct":1,"source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 90(1), (2); Schedule 7, Part 5","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/print","reviewed":"2026-09-16","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"},"sign":"RUS 036"},{"id":"u16-sign-0381","exams":["BW","AM","C","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"This sign stands beside the tram tracks on a city street. Which of these does it mean?","options":["Vehicles must not turn right","Trams must stop and not go on until it is safe","Pedestrians must not go past this point","A bus lane running against the flow of traffic"],"explanation":"The picture shows the no pedestrians sign. It is a prohibitory sign in Part 1 of Schedule 2 to the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025. Under Regulation 14(2)(e) a pedestrian must not go past it on a road with a light railway or ahead of a road tunnel.","correct":2,"source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 14(2)(e); Schedule 2, Part 1","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/print","reviewed":"2026-09-16","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"},"sign":"RUS 038","image":{"src":"/signs/rus-038.svg","alt":"Road sign"}},{"id":"u16-sign-0382","exams":["BW","AM","C","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"Which sign bans pedestrians from going past?","options":["Sign A","Sign B","Sign C","Sign D"],"explanation":"Sign A is the no pedestrians sign. It is a prohibitory sign in Part 1 of Schedule 2 to the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025. Under Regulation 14(2)(e) a pedestrian must not go past it on a road with a light railway or ahead of a road tunnel.","optionImages":[{"src":"/signs/rus-038.svg","alt":"Sign A"},{"src":"/signs/rus-004-eisb.png","alt":"Sign B"},{"src":"/signs/rus-054.svg","alt":"Sign C"},{"src":"/signs/rus-034-eisb.png","alt":"Sign D"}],"correct":0,"source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 14(2)(e); Schedule 2, Part 1","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/print","reviewed":"2026-09-16","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"},"sign":"RUS 038"},{"id":"u16-sign-0452","exams":["BW","AM","C","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"Which sign shows a special speed limit when it is lit?","options":["Sign A","Sign B","Sign C","Sign D"],"explanation":"Sign A is the periodic special speed limit sign. Regulation 34 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 describes a black disc that, when lit, shows a red border and a special speed limit in white figures, and it is lit and switched off at set intervals.","optionImages":[{"src":"/signs/rus-045-eisb.png","alt":"Sign A"},{"src":"/signs/rus-004-eisb.png","alt":"Sign B"},{"src":"/signs/rus-051-eisb.png","alt":"Sign C"},{"src":"/signs/rus-070a-eisb.png","alt":"Sign D"}],"correct":0,"source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 34(1), (2), (3); Schedule 3, Part 2","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/print","reviewed":"2026-09-16","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"},"sign":"RUS 045"},{"id":"u16-sign-0453","exams":["BW","AM","C","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"On a road through a village, this sign is lit as you approach. How must you respond to it?","options":["Keep within the speed shown only if a Garda is present","Keep within the speed shown while the sign is lit","Treat the figure as advice rather than a limit","Keep within the speed shown only when children are in sight"],"explanation":"This is the periodic special speed limit sign under Regulation 34 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025. When lit, it shows the special speed limit that applies, and a speed limit is a limit, not advice. Nothing in the Regulation ties it to children being in view or to a Garda being there.","correct":1,"source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 34(1), (2), (3); Schedule 3, Part 2","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/print","reviewed":"2026-09-16","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"},"sign":"RUS 045","image":{"src":"/signs/rus-045-eisb.png","alt":"Road sign"}},{"id":"u16-sign-0462","exams":["BW","AM","C","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"Pick the sign that bans vehicles with at least the number of axles shown.","options":["Sign A","Sign B","Sign C","Sign D"],"explanation":"Sign B is the prohibited vehicles sign. Regulation 15 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 bars the driver of a prohibited vehicle from going past it. Regulation 2(1) defines that as a mechanically propelled vehicle, other than one built to carry passengers, whose axles, trailer included, reach the figure shown.","optionImages":[{"src":"/signs/rus-058-eisb.png","alt":"Sign A"},{"src":"/signs/rus-046.svg","alt":"Sign B"},{"src":"/signs/rus-026a.svg","alt":"Sign C"},{"src":"/signs/rus-065-eisb.png","alt":"Sign D"}],"correct":1,"source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 2(1), Regulation 15(1), (2); Schedule 2, Part 1","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/print","reviewed":"2026-09-16","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"},"sign":"RUS 046"},{"id":"u16-sign-0463","exams":["BW","AM","C","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"Heading into a town centre, you see this sign where the main street begins. What does this sign tell you not to do?","options":["Drive past in a bus with more axles than the figure","Drive past in a lorry with at least the number of axles shown","Drive past in a car with fewer axles than the figure","Cycle past on a pedal cycle"],"explanation":"Regulation 15 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 bars the driver of a prohibited vehicle from going past this sign. Regulation 2(1) defines that as a mechanically propelled vehicle, other than one built to carry passengers, whose axles, trailer included, reach the figure shown. A bus carries passengers, the car is under the figure, and a pedal cycle is not mechanically propelled.","correct":1,"source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 2(1), Regulation 15(1), (2); Schedule 2, Part 1","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/print","reviewed":"2026-09-16","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"},"sign":"RUS 046","image":{"src":"/signs/rus-046.svg","alt":"Road sign"}},{"id":"u16-sign-0471","exams":["BW","AM","C","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"Just before a road tunnel, this sign faces you. How do you read this sign?","options":["Pedestrians must not go past this point","A speed limit of 100 km/h","The height of the structure ahead, in metres","Vehicles with at least the axles shown must not use the right-hand lane"],"explanation":"The picture shows the prohibited axles in right-hand lane sign for road tunnels. Regulation 16 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 provides that, at the entrance to a road tunnel with two lanes, the driver of a prohibited vehicle must not drive in the right-hand lane inside the tunnel.","correct":3,"source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 16(1); Schedule 2, Part 1","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/print","reviewed":"2026-09-16","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"},"sign":"RUS 047","image":{"src":"/signs/rus-047-eisb.png","alt":"Road sign"}},{"id":"u16-sign-0491","exams":["BW","AM","C","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"On the approach to a junction, this sign faces you. How should you read it?","options":["A mini-roundabout ahead","Keep to the left of the sign","Turn left at the junction ahead","Vehicles must not turn right"],"explanation":"That is the mini-roundabout sign. Regulation 12 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 provides that it indicates a mini-roundabout ahead, and its three white arrows show the direction traffic must go on entering.","correct":0,"source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 12(1), (2); Schedule 1, Part 5","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/print","reviewed":"2026-09-16","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"},"sign":"RUS 049","image":{"src":"/signs/rus-049-eisb.png","alt":"Road sign"}},{"id":"u16-sign-0501","exams":["BW","AM","C","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"At the entrance to a side street, this sign faces you. What is the meaning of the sign?","options":["Yield right of way to traffic on the major road ahead","Bye-laws restrict or ban parking there for a specified event","This stretch of road is a clearway","No entry for vehicles"],"explanation":"You are looking at the no entry to vehicles sign. Regulation 24 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 provides that, at the entrance to a road, a driver must not go past it. A plate below may exempt pedal cyclists and e-moped and electric scooter drivers.","correct":3,"source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 24(1), (2), (4); Schedule 2, Part 2","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/print","reviewed":"2026-09-16","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"},"sign":"RUS 050","image":{"src":"/signs/rus-050-eisb.png","alt":"Road sign"}},{"id":"u16-sign-0502","exams":["BW","AM","C","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"Which one of these signs bans vehicles from entering the road?","options":["Sign A","Sign B","Sign C","Sign D"],"explanation":"Sign B is the no entry to vehicles sign. Regulation 24 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 provides that, at the entrance to a road, a driver must not go past it. A plate below may exempt pedal cyclists and e-moped and electric scooter drivers.","optionImages":[{"src":"/signs/rus-018.svg","alt":"Sign A"},{"src":"/signs/rus-050-eisb.png","alt":"Sign B"},{"src":"/signs/rus-030-eisb.png","alt":"Sign C"},{"src":"/signs/rus-009-eisb.png","alt":"Sign D"}],"correct":1,"source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 24(1), (2), (4); Schedule 2, Part 2","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/print","reviewed":"2026-09-16","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"},"sign":"RUS 050"},{"id":"u16-sign-0511","exams":["BW","AM","C","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"This sign stands at the start of a narrow lane between high walls. What is the sign telling you?","options":["The height of the structure ahead, in metres","Overtaking is not allowed","Vehicles longer than the length shown must not go past","People riding, leading or driving animals must not go past"],"explanation":"The picture shows the maximum vehicle length sign. Under Regulation 25 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025, the driver of a vehicle or combination of vehicles longer overall than the length shown, in metres, must not go past it.","correct":2,"source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 25(1), (2); Schedule 2, Part 2","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/print","reviewed":"2026-09-16","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"},"sign":"RUS 051","image":{"src":"/signs/rus-051-eisb.png","alt":"Road sign"}},{"id":"u16-sign-0522","exams":["BW","AM","C","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"Which sign limits the width of vehicles that may go past?","options":["Sign A","Sign B","Sign C","Sign D"],"explanation":"Sign C is the maximum vehicle width sign. Regulation 26 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 provides that the driver of a vehicle wider than the width shown, in metres, must not go past it.","optionImages":[{"src":"/signs/rus-014.svg","alt":"Sign A"},{"src":"/signs/rus-035-eisb.png","alt":"Sign B"},{"src":"/signs/rus-052.svg","alt":"Sign C"},{"src":"/signs/rus-009-eisb.png","alt":"Sign D"}],"correct":2,"source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 26(1), (2); Schedule 2, Part 2","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/print","reviewed":"2026-09-16","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"},"sign":"RUS 052"},{"id":"u16-sign-0523","exams":["BW","AM","C","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"You are about to turn onto a narrow road with tight bends and see this sign. What does it say you must not do?","options":["Drive past in a vehicle narrower than the width shown","Drive past in a vehicle taller than that figure in metres","Drive past in a vehicle wider than the width shown","Drive past in a vehicle longer than that figure in metres"],"explanation":"This is the maximum vehicle width sign. Regulation 26 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 provides that the driver of a vehicle wider than the width shown, in metres, must not go past it. It does not limit height or length, and a narrower vehicle may go on.","correct":2,"source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 26(1), (2); Schedule 2, Part 2","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/print","reviewed":"2026-09-16","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"},"sign":"RUS 052","image":{"src":"/signs/rus-052.svg","alt":"Road sign"}},{"id":"u16-sign-0531","exams":["BW","AM","C","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"Before a small bridge on a rural road, this sign faces you. What does it mean?","options":["A speed limit of 20 km/h","Overtaking is not allowed","People riding, leading or driving animals must not go past","Vehicles over the design gross weight shown must not go past"],"explanation":"This is the maximum design gross vehicle weight sign. Under Regulation 27 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025, the driver of a vehicle whose design gross vehicle weight is over the figure shown, in tonnes, must not go past it.","correct":3,"source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 27(1), (2); Schedule 2, Part 2","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/print","reviewed":"2026-09-16","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"},"sign":"RUS 053","image":{"src":"/signs/rus-053.svg","alt":"Road sign"}},{"id":"u16-sign-0532","exams":["BW","AM","C","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"Only one of these signs limits the design gross vehicle weight of vehicles that may go past. Which is it?","options":["Sign A","Sign B","Sign C","Sign D"],"explanation":"Sign B is the maximum design gross vehicle weight sign. Under Regulation 27 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025, the driver of a vehicle whose design gross vehicle weight is over the figure shown, in tonnes, must not go past it.","optionImages":[{"src":"/signs/rus-013.svg","alt":"Sign A"},{"src":"/signs/rus-053.svg","alt":"Sign B"},{"src":"/signs/rus-060.svg","alt":"Sign C"},{"src":"/signs/rus-026a.svg","alt":"Sign D"}],"correct":1,"source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 27(1), (2); Schedule 2, Part 2","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/print","reviewed":"2026-09-16","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"},"sign":"RUS 053"},{"id":"u16-sign-0541","exams":["BW","AM","C","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"This sign stands just before a narrow stone bridge on a country road. How should you read it?","options":["The height of the structure ahead, in metres","Vehicles over the axle weight shown must not go past","A speed limit of 50 km/h","People riding, leading or driving animals must not go past"],"explanation":"The picture shows the maximum vehicle axle loading weight sign. Regulation 28 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 provides that the driver of a vehicle whose axle loading weight is over the figure shown, in tonnes, must not go past it.","correct":1,"source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 28(1), (2); Schedule 2, Part 2","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/print","reviewed":"2026-09-16","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"},"sign":"RUS 054","image":{"src":"/signs/rus-054.svg","alt":"Road sign"}},{"id":"u16-sign-0542","exams":["BW","AM","C","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"Which sign limits the axle loading weight of vehicles that may go past?","options":["Sign A","Sign B","Sign C","Sign D"],"explanation":"Sign A is the maximum vehicle axle loading weight sign. Regulation 28 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 provides that the driver of a vehicle whose axle loading weight is over the figure shown, in tonnes, must not go past it.","optionImages":[{"src":"/signs/rus-054.svg","alt":"Sign A"},{"src":"/signs/rus-010-eisb.png","alt":"Sign B"},{"src":"/signs/rus-034-eisb.png","alt":"Sign C"},{"src":"/signs/rus-026a.svg","alt":"Sign D"}],"correct":0,"source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 28(1), (2); Schedule 2, Part 2","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/print","reviewed":"2026-09-16","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"},"sign":"RUS 054"},{"id":"u16-sign-0551","exams":["BW","AM","C","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"Out on your bicycle, you come to this sign. What does this sign mean?","options":["Overtaking is not allowed","Pedal cycles, e-mopeds and electric scooters must not go past","People riding, leading or driving animals must not go past","A track shared by pedestrians and cyclists"],"explanation":"That is the no pedal cycles, e-mopeds or electric scooters sign. Regulation 17 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 provides that a person driving a pedal cycle, e-moped or electric scooter must not go past it.","correct":1,"source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 17(1); Schedule 2, Part 1","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/print","reviewed":"2026-09-16","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"},"sign":"RUS 055","image":{"src":"/signs/rus-055.svg","alt":"Road sign"}},{"id":"u16-sign-0552","exams":["BW","AM","C","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"Which sign bans pedal cycles, e-mopeds and electric scooters?","options":["Sign A","Sign B","Sign C","Sign D"],"explanation":"Sign C is the no pedal cycles, e-mopeds or electric scooters sign. Regulation 17 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 provides that a person driving a pedal cycle, e-moped or electric scooter must not go past it.","optionImages":[{"src":"/signs/rus-036-eisb.png","alt":"Sign A"},{"src":"/signs/rvms-104-eisb.png","alt":"Sign B"},{"src":"/signs/rus-055.svg","alt":"Sign C"},{"src":"/signs/rus-018.svg","alt":"Sign D"}],"correct":2,"source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 17(1); Schedule 2, Part 1","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/print","reviewed":"2026-09-16","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"},"sign":"RUS 055"},{"id":"u16-sign-0561","exams":["BW","AM","C","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"What does this sign tell drivers?","options":["People riding, leading or driving animals must not go past","Vehicles must not turn right","Vehicles must not go straight ahead","A tram lane"],"explanation":"That is the no animals sign. Regulation 18 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 provides that a person riding, leading or driving a horse or other animal, or in charge of one, must not go past it. Cats and dogs do not count as animals for this sign.","correct":0,"source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 18(1), (4); Schedule 2, Part 1","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/print","reviewed":"2026-09-16","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"},"sign":"RUS 056","image":{"src":"/signs/rus-056.svg","alt":"Road sign"}},{"id":"u16-sign-0562","exams":["BW","AM","C","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"Which sign bans people riding, leading or driving animals?","options":["Sign A","Sign B","Sign C","Sign D"],"explanation":"Sign A is the no animals sign. Regulation 18 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 provides that a person riding, leading or driving a horse or other animal, or in charge of one, must not go past it. Cats and dogs do not count as animals for this sign.","optionImages":[{"src":"/signs/rus-056.svg","alt":"Sign A"},{"src":"/signs/rus-027.svg","alt":"Sign B"},{"src":"/signs/rus-043-eisb.png","alt":"Sign C"},{"src":"/signs/rus-049-eisb.png","alt":"Sign D"}],"correct":0,"source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 18(1), (4); Schedule 2, Part 1","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/print","reviewed":"2026-09-16","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"},"sign":"RUS 056"},{"id":"u16-sign-0572","exams":["BW","AM","C","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"Which sign bans animal-drawn vehicles?","options":["Sign A","Sign B","Sign C","Sign D"],"explanation":"Sign D is the no animal-drawn vehicles sign. Listed as No Horse and Cart in Part 1 of Schedule 2 to the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025, it means under Regulation 19 that a person driving or in charge of an animal-drawn vehicle must not go past it.","optionImages":[{"src":"/signs/rus-016.svg","alt":"Sign A"},{"src":"/signs/rus-005-eisb.png","alt":"Sign B"},{"src":"/signs/rus-036-eisb.png","alt":"Sign C"},{"src":"/signs/rus-057.svg","alt":"Sign D"}],"correct":3,"source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 19(1); Schedule 2, Part 1","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/print","reviewed":"2026-09-16","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"},"sign":"RUS 057"},{"id":"u16-sign-0581","exams":["BW","AM","C","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"How should you read this sign?","options":["You may pass the sign on either side","A track shared by pedestrians and cyclists","Turn right at the junction ahead","A speed limit of 100 km/h"],"explanation":"You are looking at the shared track sign. Regulation 6 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 provides that, with the matching road markings, it indicates a track shared by pedestrians and people on pedal cycles, e-mopeds or electric scooters.","correct":1,"source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 6(1); Schedule 1, Part 2","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/print","reviewed":"2026-09-16","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"},"sign":"RUS 058","image":{"src":"/signs/rus-058-eisb.png","alt":"Road sign"}},{"id":"u16-sign-0582","exams":["BW","AM","C","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"One of these signs marks a track shared by pedestrians and cyclists. Which one?","options":["Sign A","Sign B","Sign C","Sign D"],"explanation":"Sign C is the shared track sign. Regulation 6 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 provides that, with the matching road markings, it indicates a track shared by pedestrians and people on pedal cycles, e-mopeds or electric scooters.","optionImages":[{"src":"/signs/rus-032.svg","alt":"Sign A"},{"src":"/signs/rus-030-eisb.png","alt":"Sign B"},{"src":"/signs/rus-058-eisb.png","alt":"Sign C"},{"src":"/signs/rus-012.svg","alt":"Sign D"}],"correct":2,"source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 6(1); Schedule 1, Part 2","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/print","reviewed":"2026-09-16","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"},"sign":"RUS 058"},{"id":"u16-sign-0591","exams":["BW","AM","C","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"This sign faces you as you enter a one-way street. What is it telling you?","options":["A tram lane","A bus lane running with the flow of traffic","Keep to the right of the sign","A cycle track running against the flow of traffic"],"explanation":"That is the contra-flow cycle track sign. Regulation 8 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 provides that, with the matching road markings, it indicates a cycle track where pedal cycles, e-mopeds and electric scooters may travel against the traffic in the lane beside it.","correct":3,"source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 8(1); Schedule 1, Part 3","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/print","reviewed":"2026-09-16","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"},"sign":"RUS 059","image":{"src":"/signs/rus-059-eisb.png","alt":"Road sign"}},{"id":"u16-sign-0601","exams":["BW","AM","C","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"At roadworks where one lane is closed, a worker holds this sign facing your traffic. What does it tell you?","options":["A speed limit of 20 km/h","Yield right of way to traffic on the major road ahead","Stop, and stay stopped while the disc is shown","Traffic may go on past the roadworks"],"explanation":"The picture shows the STOP disc used at roadworks. Regulation 32(1) of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 provides that when it faces your stream of traffic at roadworks, traffic must stop before the sign and stay stopped while it is shown.","correct":2,"source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 32(1), (2); Schedule 2, Part 5","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/print","reviewed":"2026-09-16","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"},"sign":"RUS 060","image":{"src":"/signs/rus-060.svg","alt":"Road sign"}},{"id":"u16-sign-0612","exams":["BW","AM","C","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"Which one of these signs tells traffic at roadworks that it may go on?","options":["Sign A","Sign B","Sign C","Sign D"],"explanation":"Sign B is the GO disc used at roadworks. Regulation 32(3) of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 provides that when it faces your stream of traffic at roadworks, traffic may go on or start to go on. It may show GO or the Irish Téigh.","optionImages":[{"src":"/signs/rus-019.svg","alt":"Sign A"},{"src":"/signs/rus-061.svg","alt":"Sign B"},{"src":"/signs/rus-049-eisb.png","alt":"Sign C"},{"src":"/signs/rus-065-eisb.png","alt":"Sign D"}],"correct":1,"source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 32(3), (4); Schedule 2, Part 5","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/print","reviewed":"2026-09-16","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"},"sign":"RUS 061"},{"id":"u16-sign-0622","exams":["BW","AM","C","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"Which sign bans vehicles carrying explosive material?","options":["Sign A","Sign B","Sign C","Sign D"],"explanation":"Sign C is the no vehicles carrying explosives sign. Regulation 20 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 provides that, at or near the entrance to a road tunnel, the driver of a vehicle carrying explosive material must not go past it.","optionImages":[{"src":"/signs/rus-003-eisb.png","alt":"Sign A"},{"src":"/signs/rus-060.svg","alt":"Sign B"},{"src":"/signs/rus-062.svg","alt":"Sign C"},{"src":"/signs/rus-026.svg","alt":"Sign D"}],"correct":2,"source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 20(1), (4); Schedule 2, Part 1","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/print","reviewed":"2026-09-16","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"},"sign":"RUS 062"},{"id":"u16-sign-0623","exams":["BW","AM","C","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"You are approaching the entrance to a road tunnel and see this sign. What does this sign tell you not to do?","options":["Drive past in a car with passengers","Ride past on a motorcycle","Drive past in a lorry carrying timber","Drive past in a van carrying explosive material"],"explanation":"Regulation 20 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 provides that, at or near the entrance to a road tunnel, the driver of a vehicle carrying explosive material must not go past this sign. A load of timber, passengers or a motorcycle on its own is not caught by it.","correct":3,"source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 20(1), (4); Schedule 2, Part 1","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/print","reviewed":"2026-09-16","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"},"sign":"RUS 062","image":{"src":"/signs/rus-062.svg","alt":"Road sign"}},{"id":"u16-sign-0631","exams":["BW","AM","C","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"This sign stands at the entrance to an area, with a plate below it giving a date and times. What does it mean?","options":["Pedal cycles, e-mopeds and electric scooters must not go past","Vehicles must not turn right","Yield right of way to traffic on the major road ahead","Bye-laws restrict or ban parking there for a specified event"],"explanation":"This is the restriction on parking sign for specified events. Regulation 21 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 provides that it tells drivers that bye-laws restrict or prohibit parking there, and the plate with it gives the date or day and the period.","correct":3,"source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 21(1), (2); Schedule 2, Part 1","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/print","reviewed":"2026-09-16","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"},"sign":"RUS 063","image":{"src":"/signs/rus-063.svg","alt":"Road sign"}},{"id":"u16-sign-0701","exams":["BW","AM","C","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"Which of these explains this sign?","options":["A bus lane running with the flow of traffic","A shared zone for pedestrians, cyclists and vehicles","A cycle track running against the flow of traffic","A mini-roundabout ahead"],"explanation":"This is the shared zone sign. Regulation 13 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 provides that it indicates a shared surface street used by pedestrians and vehicles, and the sign carries a 20 km/h speed limit sign inside it.","correct":1,"source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 13(1); Schedule 1, Part 7","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/print","reviewed":"2026-09-16","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"},"sign":"RUS 070","image":{"src":"/signs/rus-070-eisb.png","alt":"Road sign"}},{"id":"u16-sign-1201","exams":["BW","AM","C","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"What is the meaning of this sign?","options":["The height of the structure ahead, in metres","A space only for electric vehicles that are recharging","A speed limit of 120 km/h","A shared zone for pedestrians, cyclists and vehicles"],"explanation":"You are looking at the electric vehicle recharging only sign. Part 2 of Schedule 2 to the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 lists it among the restrictive signs made under Regulation 22. It keeps the space for electric vehicles while they recharge.","correct":1,"source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 22(1); Schedule 2, Part 2","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/print","reviewed":"2026-09-16","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"},"sign":"RUS 020A","image":{"src":"/signs/rus-020a-eisb.png","alt":"Road sign"}},{"id":"u16-sign-1202","exams":["BW","AM","C","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"Which sign keeps a space for electric vehicles that are recharging?","options":["Sign A","Sign B","Sign C","Sign D"],"explanation":"Sign B is the electric vehicle recharging only sign. Part 2 of Schedule 2 to the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 lists it among the restrictive signs made under Regulation 22. It keeps the space for electric vehicles while they recharge.","optionImages":[{"src":"/signs/rus-007-eisb.png","alt":"Sign A"},{"src":"/signs/rus-020a-eisb.png","alt":"Sign B"},{"src":"/signs/rus-061.svg","alt":"Sign C"},{"src":"/signs/rus-021-eisb.png","alt":"Sign D"}],"correct":1,"source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 22(1); Schedule 2, Part 2","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/print","reviewed":"2026-09-16","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"},"sign":"RUS 020A"},{"id":"u16-sign-1261","exams":["BW","AM","C","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"At a set of traffic lights, this sign is mounted with the signals. What is it telling you?","options":["Pedal cycles, e-mopeds and electric scooters must not go past","Turn right here","Cyclists and e-moped or electric scooter drivers must yield to pedestrians and traffic","A track shared by pedestrians and cyclists"],"explanation":"The picture shows the yield sign for cyclists. Part 3 of Schedule 2 to the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 says it is used with traffic lights and applies only to pedal cyclists and e-moped and electric scooter drivers, who under Regulation 29(2) must yield right of way to pedestrians and traffic.","correct":2,"source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 29(2), (6); Schedule 2, Part 3","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/print","reviewed":"2026-09-16","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"},"sign":"RUS 026A","image":{"src":"/signs/rus-026a.svg","alt":"Road sign"}},{"id":"u16-sign-1322","exams":["BW","AM","C","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"Which sign closes a school street to motor vehicles at the times shown?","options":["Sign A","Sign B","Sign C","Sign D"],"explanation":"Sign C is the school street sign. Regulation 31 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 provides that the driver of a mechanically propelled vehicle must not go past it, and the plate below it gives the periods when that applies.","optionImages":[{"src":"/signs/rus-070-eisb.png","alt":"Sign A"},{"src":"/signs/rus-026a.svg","alt":"Sign B"},{"src":"/signs/rus-032a-eisb.png","alt":"Sign C"},{"src":"/signs/rus-013.svg","alt":"Sign D"}],"correct":2,"source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 31(1), (4); Schedule 2, Part 4","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/print","reviewed":"2026-09-16","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"},"sign":"RUS 032A"},{"id":"u16-sign-1323","exams":["BW","AM","C","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"On a street with a school on it, you see this sign. What does it say you must not do?","options":["Walk past it during the times on the plate","Drive a car past it outside the times on the plate","Drive a car past it during the times on the plate","Cycle past it on a pedal cycle during the times on the plate"],"explanation":"Regulation 31 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 provides that the driver of a mechanically propelled vehicle must not go past the school street sign, and the plate below it gives the periods when that applies. A pedal cycle is not mechanically propelled, walking is not driving, and outside the stated periods the restriction does not apply.","correct":2,"source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 31(1), (4); Schedule 2, Part 4","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/print","reviewed":"2026-09-16","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"},"sign":"RUS 032A","image":{"src":"/signs/rus-032a-eisb.png","alt":"Road sign"}},{"id":"u16-sign-1702","exams":["BW","AM","C","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"Which sign marks the end of a shared zone?","options":["Sign A","Sign B","Sign C","Sign D"],"explanation":"Sign B is the end of shared zone sign. Regulation 13(2) of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 provides that it indicates the end of a shared zone.","optionImages":[{"src":"/signs/rus-009-eisb.png","alt":"Sign A"},{"src":"/signs/rus-070a-eisb.png","alt":"Sign B"},{"src":"/signs/rus-027.svg","alt":"Sign C"},{"src":"/signs/rvms-102-eisb.png","alt":"Sign D"}],"correct":1,"source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 13(2); Schedule 1, Part 7","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/print","reviewed":"2026-09-16","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"},"sign":"RUS 070A"},{"id":"u16-sign-2021","exams":["BW","AM","C","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"What do you take this sign to mean?","options":["Vehicles longer than the length shown must not go past","A mini-roundabout ahead","The speed limit shown applies to this road or lane","Animal-drawn vehicles must not go past"],"explanation":"This is the electronic speed limit sign. Regulation 36 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 provides that the speed limit it displays is the limit for the road, or the part, carriageway or lane of the road, where it is provided.","correct":2,"source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 36(1), (2); Schedule 3, Part 4","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/print","reviewed":"2026-09-16","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"},"sign":"RVMS 102","image":{"src":"/signs/rvms-102-eisb.png","alt":"Road sign"}},{"id":"u16-sign-2022","exams":["BW","AM","C","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"Which sign shows an electronic speed limit for the road or lane?","options":["Sign A","Sign B","Sign C","Sign D"],"explanation":"Sign D is the electronic speed limit sign. Regulation 36 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 provides that the speed limit it displays is the limit for the road, or the part, carriageway or lane of the road, where it is provided.","optionImages":[{"src":"/signs/rus-017.svg","alt":"Sign A"},{"src":"/signs/rus-061.svg","alt":"Sign B"},{"src":"/signs/rus-058-eisb.png","alt":"Sign C"},{"src":"/signs/rvms-102-eisb.png","alt":"Sign D"}],"correct":3,"source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 36(1), (2); Schedule 3, Part 4","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/print","reviewed":"2026-09-16","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"},"sign":"RVMS 102"},{"id":"u16-sign-2041","exams":["BW","AM","C","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"On a busy motorway, this sign is lit up beside the lanes. How should you read it?","options":["Vehicles with at least the axles shown must not use the right-hand lane","The height of the structure ahead, in metres","A bus priority facility is in operation","Overtaking is not allowed"],"explanation":"That is the bus priority facility sign. Regulation 10A, added to the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 by S.I. No. 205 of 2026, provides that with the wide continuous yellow line it indicates a bus priority facility, and it is displayed when the facility is in operation.","correct":2,"source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025), as amended by the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) (Amendment) Regulations 2026 (S.I. No. 205 of 2026)","provision":"Regulation 10A(1), inserted by S.I. No. 205 of 2026; Schedule 1, Part 8","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2026/si/205/made/en/print","reviewed":"2026-09-16","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"},"sign":"RVMS 104","image":{"src":"/signs/rvms-104-eisb.png","alt":"Road sign"}},{"id":"u2-junctions-0001","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"Who must you yield to when pulling away from a kerbside parking space?","options":["All other traffic and pedestrians","Only vehicles approaching from behind","Only pedestrians already on the road","Nobody once you have indicated"],"correct":0,"explanation":"The moving-off rule requires a driver or rider starting from a stationary position to yield to other traffic and to pedestrians.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 (S.I. No. 182 of 1997)","provision":"Article 8(2)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/1997/si/182/made/en/html#article8","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u2-junctions-0002","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"You are turning into a side road and a pedestrian has already started to cross that road. What must you do?","options":["Continue because you are turning from the main road","Yield and let the pedestrian finish crossing","Continue because your indicator gives you priority","Stop only if the pedestrian is in your lane"],"correct":1,"explanation":"The junction right-of-way rule in article 8 requires you to yield to a pedestrian who has already started crossing at the junction.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 (S.I. No. 182 of 1997)","provision":"Article 8(3), as substituted by S.I. No. 473 of 2025, reg. 2(b)(i)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/473/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u2-junctions-0003","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"At a junction, a cyclist has already begun crossing at a cycle track crossing as you approach it. What should you do?","options":["Proceed because motor traffic has priority at junctions","Sound the horn so the cyclist stops","Yield to the cyclist who has begun crossing","Pass behind the cyclist without reducing speed"],"correct":2,"explanation":"The junction and cycle track crossing rule in article 8 gives right of way to a vehicle that has already started to cross there.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 (S.I. No. 182 of 1997)","provision":"Article 8(3), as substituted by S.I. No. 473 of 2025, reg. 2(b)(i)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/473/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u2-junctions-0004","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"Who has right of way when you drive from a private driveway across a footpath onto a public road?","options":["You, once the front of your vehicle reaches the road first","Only vehicles coming from your right","Only pedestrians using the footpath","Vehicles and pedestrians coming from either direction"],"correct":3,"explanation":"The rule for entering a public road from private property requires you to yield to every vehicle and pedestrian coming from either direction.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 (S.I. No. 182 of 1997)","provision":"Article 8(4)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/1997/si/182/made/en/html#article8","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u2-junctions-0005","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"You are leaving a farm yard for a local road, with a vehicle approaching from the left. What must you do?","options":["Yield because you are entering from a place that is not a public road","Join the road because traffic from the left must wait","Move out first if you have indicated","Yield only if the approaching vehicle is large"],"correct":0,"explanation":"The private-access rule in article 8 requires traffic entering a public road from a yard or forecourt to yield in both directions.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 (S.I. No. 182 of 1997)","provision":"Article 8(4)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/1997/si/182/made/en/html#article8","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u2-junctions-0006","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"Your road ends at an unsigned T-junction with no stop or yield lines. Traffic is approaching on the other road from both sides. What must you do?","options":["Yield only to traffic coming from your right","Yield to traffic and pedestrians on the other road from both directions","Proceed because traffic going straight must yield to you","Proceed if your road is wider than the other road"],"correct":1,"explanation":"The unsigned T-junction rule in article 8 requires traffic on the road that ends to yield to traffic and pedestrians on the other road.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 (S.I. No. 182 of 1997)","provision":"Article 8(5), as substituted by S.I. No. 332 of 2012, reg. 16(c)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2012/si/332/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u2-junctions-0007","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"You and another driver arrive together at an unsigned crossroads where neither road ends and neither vehicle has started to cross. The other driver is on your right. Who should go first?","options":["You, because you are going straight on","You, if your road appears wider","The driver on your right","The driver who signals first"],"correct":2,"explanation":"The unsigned-junction rule in article 8 requires you to yield to traffic and pedestrians coming from your right when neither road ends.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 (S.I. No. 182 of 1997)","provision":"Article 8(5), as substituted by S.I. No. 332 of 2012, reg. 16(c)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2012/si/332/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u2-junctions-0008","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"When does the rule requiring you to yield to traffic from your right at a junction apply?","options":["At every junction, including one with a yield sign","Whenever the road on your right is wider","Only when you intend to turn right","When neither road ends and no sign or line assigns priority"],"correct":3,"explanation":"The yield-to-the-right rule in article 8 applies only where neither road ends and no stop, yield or major-road sign or line controls priority.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 (S.I. No. 182 of 1997)","provision":"Article 8(5), as substituted by S.I. No. 332 of 2012, reg. 16(c)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2012/si/332/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u2-junctions-0009","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"Who has right of way when you turn right at a junction and an oncoming vehicle continues straight ahead?","options":["Yield to the oncoming vehicle","Turn first because you arrived earlier","Turn first because right-turning traffic has priority","Wait only if the oncoming driver sounds the horn"],"correct":0,"explanation":"The right-turn rule in article 8 requires a driver turning right to yield to an oncoming vehicle that is going straight ahead.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 (S.I. No. 182 of 1997)","provision":"Article 8(7)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/1997/si/182/made/en/html#article8","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u2-junctions-0010","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"You are turning right while an oncoming vehicle is turning left into the same road. Who has right of way?","options":["You, because a right turn crosses more traffic","The oncoming vehicle turning left","Whichever vehicle reaches the centre first","Whichever driver indicates for longer"],"correct":1,"explanation":"The right-turn rule in article 8 requires you to yield to an oncoming vehicle that is turning left as well as one going straight.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 (S.I. No. 182 of 1997)","provision":"Article 8(7)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/1997/si/182/made/en/html#article8","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u2-junctions-0011","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"You are turning right from a one-way street that is wide enough for two lanes. Where should you position your vehicle on approach?","options":["Close to the left-hand side","In the middle of the one-way street","Close to the right-hand side","Anywhere if you indicate"],"correct":2,"explanation":"The junction-position rule in article 11 requires a right turn from a wide one-way road to be approached from the right-hand side.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 (S.I. No. 182 of 1997)","provision":"Article 11","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/1997/si/182/made/en/html#article11","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u2-junctions-0012","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"Must you stop at a stop sign when a quiet rural junction has clear views and no traffic in sight?","options":["Slow to walking pace and continue","Stop only when traffic is approaching","Continue after checking both directions","Stop before the stop sign"],"correct":3,"explanation":"The stop-sign rule in article 20 requires a full stop in advance of the stop sign, and in advance of the stop line where one is marked, even when the junction looks completely clear.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 (S.I. No. 182 of 1997)","provision":"Article 20(1), (2)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/1997/si/182/made/en/html#article20","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u2-junctions-0013","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"Where must you stop when a stop sign stands before a junction and its stop line is painted farther forward?","options":["Before the stop line","Level with the stop sign","At whichever point gives the clearest view","Beyond the line if no traffic is coming"],"correct":0,"explanation":"The stop-line rule in article 20 requires you to stop before the line when both a stop sign and a stop line are provided.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 (S.I. No. 182 of 1997)","provision":"Article 20(1), (2)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/1997/si/182/made/en/html#article20","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u2-junctions-0014","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"Who must you yield to when a yield sign controls your approach to a major road?","options":["Proceed because only traffic from your right has priority","Yield to the vehicle on the major road","Proceed because you are turning left","Stop and wait even after the road becomes clear"],"correct":1,"explanation":"The yield rule in article 21 requires you to give right of way to traffic on the major road, regardless of which side it comes from.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 (S.I. No. 182 of 1997)","provision":"Article 21","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/1997/si/182/made/en/html#article21","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u2-junctions-0015","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"May you continue without stopping at a yield line when the major road is clear?","options":["Stop for several seconds before moving","Yield only to traffic coming from the right","Continue without stopping while remaining ready to yield","Treat the yield line as giving you priority"],"correct":2,"explanation":"The yield-line rule in article 21 requires you to yield to major-road traffic, but it does not require a full stop when the way is clear.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 (S.I. No. 182 of 1997)","provision":"Article 21","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/1997/si/182/made/en/html#article21","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u2-junctions-0016","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"May you turn right at an empty junction when a no right turn sign is displayed?","options":["Turn right after checking the road is empty","Turn right if you indicate early","Treat the sign as advice in light traffic","Choose another permitted direction"],"correct":3,"explanation":"The compulsory-direction rule in articles 22 and 23 prohibits the movement shown by a no right turn sign, even when the road is empty.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 (S.I. No. 182 of 1997)","provision":"Articles 22 and 23(1), (2) (article 22 as substituted by S.I. No. 332 of 2012, reg. 16(g))","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/1997/si/182/made/en/html#article22","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u2-junctions-0017","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"You approach a traffic island carrying a keep left sign. Which side of the sign must you pass?","options":["The left side","Either side when clear","The right side if turning right later","Whichever side has less traffic"],"correct":0,"explanation":"The keep-left rule in article 24 requires approaching traffic to pass on the left of a keep left sign.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 (S.I. No. 182 of 1997)","provision":"Article 24(1) to (3)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/1997/si/182/made/en/html#article24","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u2-junctions-0018","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"A no entry line crosses the mouth of a quiet street that would shorten your journey. What must you do?","options":["Enter only for a quick drop-off","Do not drive past the line into the street","Enter if you cannot see other traffic","Enter unless your vehicle is unusually large"],"correct":1,"explanation":"The no-entry-line rule in article 28 prohibits a driver from passing the line in order to enter that road.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 (S.I. No. 182 of 1997)","provision":"Article 28","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/1997/si/182/made/en/html#article28","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u2-junctions-0019","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"You miss a turn and consider reversing from a side road onto the major road. What does the reversing rule require?","options":["Reverse after checking mirrors carefully","Reverse if no traffic is visible","Do not reverse onto the major road","Reverse with hazard warning lights on"],"correct":2,"explanation":"The reversing rule in article 12 prohibits reversing onto a major road from another road, even when the road appears clear.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 (S.I. No. 182 of 1997)","provision":"Article 12(1) to (3)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/1997/si/182/made/en/html#article12","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u2-junctions-0020","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"When may you drive across a footpath beside a public road?","options":["To pass a queue of traffic","To reach a space farther along the footpath","To turn around on a narrow street","To enter or leave a place beside the footpath"],"correct":3,"explanation":"The footpath rule in article 13 permits driving across a footpath only to enter or leave a place beside it, such as a driveway.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 (S.I. No. 182 of 1997)","provision":"Articles 13 and 16","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/1997/si/182/made/en/html#article13","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u2-roundabouts-0001","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","lesson":"roundabouts","stem":"Which way must you turn when entering an ordinary roundabout?","options":["Turn left and travel clockwise","Turn right when your exit is on the right","Choose either direction when the road is clear","Drive straight across when the centre is flat"],"correct":0,"explanation":"The roundabout entry rule in article 15 requires every driver to turn left on entering, regardless of the exit being taken.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 (S.I. No. 182 of 1997)","provision":"Article 15","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/1997/si/182/made/en/html#article15","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u2-roundabouts-0002","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","lesson":"roundabouts","stem":"You want an exit on your right at a quiet roundabout. How must you enter the roundabout?","options":["Turn right because that is the shorter route","Turn left and go clockwise around it","Enter in either direction if nobody is coming","Drive across the centre to reach the exit"],"correct":1,"explanation":"The roundabout direction rule in article 15 requires a left turn on entry and clockwise travel, even when your chosen exit lies to the right.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 (S.I. No. 182 of 1997)","provision":"Article 15","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/1997/si/182/made/en/html#article15","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u2-roundabouts-0003","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","lesson":"roundabouts","stem":"What does a mini-roundabout sign tell you about the arrows shown on it?","options":["They suggest a route but do not require it","They show that either direction may be used","They show the direction you must follow on entry","They give priority to traffic approaching from the left"],"correct":2,"explanation":"The mini-roundabout sign rule in regulation 12 makes the arrow direction compulsory for traffic entering the mini-roundabout.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 12(1), (2)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u2-roundabouts-0004","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","lesson":"roundabouts","stem":"A vehicle is already travelling on a mini-roundabout as you arrive. What must you do?","options":["Enter because approaching traffic has priority","Enter if the other vehicle is on your left","Enter if you reached the sign first","Yield to the vehicle already on the mini-roundabout"],"correct":3,"explanation":"The mini-roundabout rule in regulation 5 requires entering traffic to yield to any traffic already on the mini-roundabout.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) (Amendment) (No. 2) Regulations 2012 (S.I. No. 332 of 2012)","provision":"Regulation 5(1), (2)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2012/si/332/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u2-roundabouts-0005","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","lesson":"roundabouts","stem":"May you drive partly over the central marking of a mini-roundabout to make a tight turn?","options":["No, you must not drive wholly or partly over it","Yes, when you are turning right","Yes, when your vehicle is small enough","Yes, if no other traffic is present"],"correct":0,"explanation":"The mini-roundabout marking rule in regulation 5 prohibits driving either wholly or partly over the central marking.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) (Amendment) (No. 2) Regulations 2012 (S.I. No. 332 of 2012)","provision":"Regulation 5(1), (2)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2012/si/332/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u2-roundabouts-0006","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","lesson":"roundabouts","stem":"In which direction must you travel when entering and going around a mini-roundabout?","options":["Straight across the central marking","Turn left and follow the arrows","Turn right when taking a right-hand exit","Either direction when no traffic is present"],"correct":1,"explanation":"The mini-roundabout direction rule in regulation 5 requires you to turn left and travel in the direction shown by the arrows.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) (Amendment) (No. 2) Regulations 2012 (S.I. No. 332 of 2012)","provision":"Regulation 5(1), (2)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2012/si/332/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u2-yellowbox-0001","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","lesson":"yellow-box-junctions","stem":"You are turning right at a junction and oncoming traffic may stop you inside the yellow box. May you enter the box?","options":["No, a vehicle may never wait in a yellow box","Only after every oncoming vehicle has passed","Yes, the right-turn exception permits entry to make the turn","Only when a Garda waves you into the box"],"correct":2,"explanation":"The yellow box rule in article 29 permits a driver who intends to turn right at a junction to enter the box to make that turn.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 (S.I. No. 182 of 1997)","provision":"Article 29(1) to (3), as substituted by S.I. No. 332 of 2012, reg. 16(l)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2012/si/332/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u2-yellowbox-0002","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","lesson":"yellow-box-junctions","stem":"A yellow box is at a junction without traffic lights, and traffic blocks your exit. What should you do?","options":["Enter because the rule applies only at traffic lights","Enter if the vehicle ahead is moving slowly","Stop with your front wheels inside the box","Wait outside until you can clear the box without stopping"],"correct":3,"explanation":"The yellow box rule in article 29 applies on public roads whether or not traffic lights are present, so a blocked exit means you must wait.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 (S.I. No. 182 of 1997)","provision":"Article 29(1) to (3), as substituted by S.I. No. 332 of 2012, reg. 16(l)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2012/si/332/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u2-yellowbox-0003","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","lesson":"yellow-box-junctions","stem":"Traffic ahead stops after only the front of your vehicle has entered a yellow box. Have you complied with the rule?","options":["No, entering even partly is prohibited when you cannot clear it","Yes, because most of your vehicle remains outside","Yes, if the traffic ahead starts moving soon","Yes, because only the rear wheels count"],"correct":0,"explanation":"The yellow box rule in article 29 prohibits entering the marked area even partly unless the vehicle can clear it without stopping.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 (S.I. No. 182 of 1997)","provision":"Article 29(1) to (3), as substituted by S.I. No. 332 of 2012, reg. 16(l)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2012/si/332/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u2-yellowbox-0004","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","lesson":"yellow-box-junctions","stem":"A yellow box is marked at the end of a bus lane. When may a vehicle leaving that bus lane enter the box?","options":["Only when it can clear the box without stopping","It may enter under the bus-lane-exit exception","Only while turning right at the next junction","It may never enter from a bus lane"],"correct":1,"explanation":"The yellow box rule in article 29 includes a specific exception allowing a vehicle leaving a bus lane to enter a box at its end.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 (S.I. No. 182 of 1997)","provision":"Article 29(1) to (3), as substituted by S.I. No. 332 of 2012, reg. 16(l)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2012/si/332/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u2-yellowbox-0005","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","lesson":"yellow-box-junctions","stem":"When may you drive straight into a yellow box?","options":["Whenever the traffic light is green","Whenever the vehicle ahead is moving","When you can pass through it without stopping","When only part of your vehicle will have to wait"],"correct":2,"explanation":"The yellow box rule in article 29 allows straight-ahead entry only when your vehicle can clear the marked area without stopping.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 (S.I. No. 182 of 1997)","provision":"Article 29(1) to (3), as substituted by S.I. No. 332 of 2012, reg. 16(l)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2012/si/332/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u2-yellowbox-0006","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","lesson":"yellow-box-junctions","stem":"A yellow box covers a level crossing. Its red lights are off, but a stopped queue blocks the far side. What must you do?","options":["Enter because the red lights are off","Enter and wait while the barriers remain raised","Enter if the queue moves a short distance","Wait until you can cross the box without stopping"],"correct":3,"explanation":"The level-crossing yellow box rule in article 31 prohibits total or partial entry unless you can clear the marked area without stopping.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 (S.I. No. 182 of 1997)","provision":"Article 31(3), as substituted by S.I. No. 332 of 2012, reg. 16(l)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2012/si/332/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u2-lights-0001","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"What must you do at a red traffic light when the junction is empty late at night?","options":["Stop before the stop line and wait","Proceed slowly after checking both directions","Move past the line to improve your view","Turn left after stopping if the road is clear"],"correct":0,"explanation":"The red-light rule in article 30 prohibits driving past the stop line, or past the lights where there is no line, while red is lit.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 (S.I. No. 182 of 1997)","provision":"Article 30(1), (7)(a), as substituted by S.I. No. 473 of 2025, reg. 2(g)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/473/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u2-lights-0002","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"What must you do when a red arrow points left and you want to turn left?","options":["Turn after stopping if no traffic is coming","Remain before the stop line","Move beyond the line to check the road","Turn if pedestrians are clear"],"correct":1,"explanation":"The red-light rule in article 30 treats a red directional arrow as a red light, so you must not pass the stop line.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 (S.I. No. 182 of 1997)","provision":"Article 30(1), (7)(a), as substituted by S.I. No. 473 of 2025, reg. 2(g)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/473/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u2-lights-0003","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"What must you do when a light turns steady amber while you are well back from the stop line?","options":["Accelerate to cross before red appears","Continue because amber means proceed carefully","Stop before the line","Continue unless another vehicle is waiting"],"correct":2,"explanation":"The steady-amber rule in article 30 requires you to stop when you are far enough back to do so safely.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 (S.I. No. 182 of 1997)","provision":"Article 30(2), as substituted by S.I. No. 473 of 2025, reg. 2(g)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/473/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u2-lights-0004","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"May you continue when a light turns steady amber and you cannot stop safely before the line?","options":["Brake sharply and stop beyond the line","Reverse to a position before the line","Wait at the line until green appears","Continue through with care"],"correct":3,"explanation":"The steady-amber rule in article 30 permits you to continue when you are too close to the lights to stop safely before them.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 (S.I. No. 182 of 1997)","provision":"Article 30(2), as substituted by S.I. No. 473 of 2025, reg. 2(g)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/473/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u2-lights-0005","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"You have a green light and are turning left, but a pedestrian has already started crossing the road you are entering. What must you do?","options":["Yield so the pedestrian is not endangered","Turn because green gives you priority at the junction","Sound the horn and continue","Proceed because the pedestrian must wait"],"correct":0,"explanation":"The green-light rule in article 30 permits movement only when no road user is endangered, and the junction yield rule still applies.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 (S.I. No. 182 of 1997)","provision":"Article 30(3)(a), as substituted by S.I. No. 473 of 2025, reg. 2(g)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/473/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u2-lights-0006","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"You have a green light and want to turn right while an oncoming vehicle is going straight ahead. What should you do?","options":["Turn immediately because green gives full priority","Yield to the oncoming vehicle before turning","Move across its path so it has to stop","Wait for a red light before completing the turn"],"correct":1,"explanation":"The green-light rule in article 30 does not remove junction duties, so a right-turning driver must still yield to oncoming straight-ahead traffic.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 (S.I. No. 182 of 1997)","provision":"Article 30(3)(a), as substituted by S.I. No. 473 of 2025, reg. 2(g)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/473/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u2-lights-0007","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"What does a lit green arrow pointing right permit you to do?","options":["Continue straight ahead as well as turn right","Use the movement only if you are driving a bus at the junction","Go right if you do not endanger another road user","Wait until the full green light appears"],"correct":2,"explanation":"The green-arrow rule in article 30 permits movement in the arrow's direction on the same safety and yielding conditions as a green light.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 (S.I. No. 182 of 1997)","provision":"Article 30(3)(b), (7)(c), as substituted by S.I. No. 473 of 2025, reg. 2(g)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/473/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u2-lights-0008","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"A flashing amber arrow allows a left turn, and a cyclist is approaching the junction on the cycle track beside you. What must you do?","options":["Turn first because the cyclist must stop","Wait for a steady green arrow","Treat the flashing amber arrow as red","Yield to the cyclist before following the arrow"],"correct":3,"explanation":"The flashing-amber-arrow rule in article 30 permits the turn only subject to yielding to vehicles approaching on the adjacent cycle track.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 (S.I. No. 182 of 1997)","provision":"Article 30(3)(c), (5), as substituted by S.I. No. 473 of 2025, reg. 2(g)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/473/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u2-lights-0009","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"Pedestrian crossing lights are flashing amber while one pedestrian is still halfway across. What should you do?","options":["Yield until the pedestrian has crossed","Proceed because flashing amber gives you priority","Sound the horn and continue slowly","Wait for green even after the crossing is empty"],"correct":0,"explanation":"The pedestrian-crossing flashing-amber rule in article 30 requires you to yield to anyone who has already started crossing.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 (S.I. No. 182 of 1997)","provision":"Article 30(4), as substituted by S.I. No. 473 of 2025, reg. 2(g)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/473/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u2-lights-0010","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"At a red light with a cyclist yield sign, a cyclist turns as the sign permits. You are driving or riding a motor vehicle. What applies to you?","options":["You may follow after yielding to the cyclist","You must remain stopped for the red light","Motorcycles and mopeds may use the same exception","You may go if no pedestrian is crossing"],"correct":1,"explanation":"The cyclist-yield exception in article 30 is limited to pedal cycles, e-mopeds, which are pedal-assisted electric bicycles, and e-scooters. Other motor vehicles must obey the red light.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 (S.I. No. 182 of 1997)","provision":"Article 30(6), as substituted by S.I. No. 473 of 2025, reg. 2(g)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/473/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u2-lights-0011","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"Who must obey cycle traffic lights that show a bicycle symbol?","options":["Motorcyclists and moped riders","Every vehicle using the left lane","Pedal cyclists, e-moped users and e-scooter users","Only children riding pedal cycles"],"correct":2,"explanation":"The cycle-light rule in article 47B applies to pedal cyclists, e-moped users and e-scooter users, not to motorcycles or mopeds.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 (S.I. No. 182 of 1997)","provision":"Article 47B, as substituted by S.I. No. 473 of 2025, reg. 2(q)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/473/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u2-parking-0001","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"May you park beside double yellow lines outside closed shops on a Sunday evening?","options":["Yes, because the shops are closed","Yes, because the restriction ends on Sundays","Yes, for up to one hour","No, parking is prohibited there at all times"],"correct":3,"explanation":"The double-yellow-line rule in article 36 prohibits parking on that side of the road at any time, including evenings and Sundays.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 (S.I. No. 182 of 1997)","provision":"Article 36(2)(a), as substituted by S.I. No. 332 of 2012, reg. 16(m)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2012/si/332/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u2-parking-0002","exams":["BW","AM"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"A goods van is unloading beside double yellow lines. How long may it remain there for that purpose?","options":["No more than 30 minutes from when it parked","No more than 10 minutes","No more than one hour","As long as unloading continues"],"correct":0,"explanation":"The goods-loading exception in article 5 permits parking on double yellow lines for loading or unloading for no more than 30 minutes.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 (S.I. No. 182 of 1997)","provision":"Article 5(4), as substituted by S.I. No. 274 of 1998, reg. 5","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/1998/si/274/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u2-parking-0003","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"A plate beside a single yellow line shows restricted times from Monday to Saturday. You arrive during those times on Saturday. May you park?","options":["Yes, because single yellow lines apply only at night","No, the plated parking restriction is in force","Yes, because yellow-line rules do not apply on Saturdays","Yes, for up to one hour"],"correct":1,"explanation":"The single-yellow-line rule in article 37 prohibits parking during the restriction times displayed on the accompanying plate.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 (S.I. No. 182 of 1997)","provision":"Article 37(1)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/1997/si/182/made/en/html#article37","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u2-parking-0004","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"An unmarked space is 3 metres from the corner of a side road. May you park there?","options":["Yes, because there are no yellow lines","Yes, if the side road is quiet","No, it is within 5 metres of the junction","Yes, if you leave room for traffic"],"correct":2,"explanation":"The junction-parking rule in article 36 prohibits parking within 5 metres of a road junction, whether or not yellow lines are present.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 (S.I. No. 182 of 1997)","provision":"Article 36(2)(c), as substituted by S.I. No. 332 of 2012, reg. 16(m)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2012/si/332/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u2-parking-0005","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"What is the minimum distance from a road junction at which you may park?","options":["2 metres","10 metres","15 metres","5 metres"],"correct":3,"explanation":"The junction-parking rule in article 36 sets a 5 metre exclusion area around a road junction.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 (S.I. No. 182 of 1997)","provision":"Article 36(2)(c), as substituted by S.I. No. 332 of 2012, reg. 16(m)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2012/si/332/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u2-parking-0006","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"May you park on a two-lane rural road with a continuous white centre line and a wide shoulder?","options":["No, parking is prohibited on that stretch","Yes, if you leave room for traffic to pass","Yes, when there are no yellow lines","Yes, but only during daylight"],"correct":0,"explanation":"The continuous-centre-line parking rule in article 36 prohibits parking on a road with fewer than 3 lanes where that marking is present.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 (S.I. No. 182 of 1997)","provision":"Article 36(2)(d), (n), as substituted by S.I. No. 332 of 2012, reg. 16(m)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2012/si/332/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u2-parking-0007","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"May you park fully on a grass verge to keep a narrow carriageway clear?","options":["Yes, because the road is narrow","No, parking on a grass verge is prohibited","Yes, for up to 30 minutes","Yes, because a verge is different from a footpath"],"correct":1,"explanation":"The verge-parking rule in article 36 prohibits parking on a footpath, grass margin or median strip.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 (S.I. No. 182 of 1997)","provision":"Article 36(2)(i), as substituted by S.I. No. 332 of 2012, reg. 16(m)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2012/si/332/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u2-parking-0008","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"You want to park across the vehicle entrance to a neighbour's driveway. When is this permitted?","options":["When you leave a phone number on the windscreen","When the driveway gate is closed","When the occupier has given consent","When you will stay for less than 30 minutes"],"correct":2,"explanation":"The vehicle-entrance rule in article 36 prohibits blocking access to premises unless the occupier has consented.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 (S.I. No. 182 of 1997)","provision":"Article 36(2)(e), (f), (g), (k), as substituted by S.I. No. 332 of 2012, reg. 16(m)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2012/si/332/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u2-parking-0009","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"A parking sign with a plate limiting your stay allows 2 hours. After using the full period and leaving, when may you park in the same place again while the restriction applies?","options":["Immediately after moving away","After 30 minutes","Only on the following day","After at least 1 hour"],"correct":3,"explanation":"The limited-stay parking rule in article 37 prevents a vehicle returning to the same place within 1 hour while the restriction is operating.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 (S.I. No. 182 of 1997)","provision":"Article 37(2), paragraph (b) as substituted by S.I. No. 239 of 2011, reg. 3(b)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2011/si/239/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u2-parking-0010","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"You park in a marked bay on a street governed by pay-parking terms. How must you leave your vehicle?","options":["Wholly within the bay while following the terms shown","With only the front wheels inside the bay","Across two bays when the vehicle is long","Anywhere nearby because the markings are guidance"],"correct":0,"explanation":"The marked-bay rule in article 37 requires a vehicle to remain within the bay limits and comply with the applicable parking terms.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 (S.I. No. 182 of 1997)","provision":"Article 37(4), (5)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/1997/si/182/made/en/html#article37","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u2-parking-0011","exams":["BW","AM"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"A goods van is unloading in a loading bay, and the plate shows no time limit. What is the longest permitted stay?","options":["10 minutes","30 minutes","1 hour","As long as unloading continues"],"correct":1,"explanation":"The loading-bay rule in article 42 limits a goods vehicle to 30 minutes when the plate does not show a different period.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 (S.I. No. 182 of 1997)","provision":"Article 42, sub-article (2) as substituted by S.I. No. 332 of 2012, reg. 16(q)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/1997/si/182/made/en/html#article42","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u2-parking-0012","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"You do not have a disabled person's parking permit and want to stop briefly in a disabled persons' bay while a passenger enters a shop. Is this allowed?","options":["Yes, for up to 5 minutes","Yes, if you remain in the vehicle","No, stopping as well as parking is prohibited","Yes, if the hazard warning lights are on"],"correct":2,"explanation":"The disabled-bay rule in article 44 prohibits both stopping and parking without the required permit displayed for the permit holder's convenience.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 (S.I. No. 182 of 1997)","provision":"Article 44","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/1997/si/182/made/en/html#article44","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u2-parking-0013","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"Which vehicle may use an electric vehicle recharging bay?","options":["Any hybrid vehicle, whether plugged in or not","Any vehicle staying for less than 30 minutes","An electric vehicle that has finished charging","An electric vehicle while its battery is being recharged"],"correct":3,"explanation":"The recharging-bay rule in article 44B allows use only by an electric vehicle whose battery is actually being recharged.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 (S.I. No. 182 of 1997)","provision":"Article 44B, inserted by S.I. No. 325 of 2014, reg. 2(b)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2014/si/325/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u2-parking-0014","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"Your vehicle breaks down beside double yellow lines. How long does the parking prohibition cease to apply?","options":["For the time needed to repair or remove the vehicle","For exactly 30 minutes","Until the end of the day","Only while a Garda is present"],"correct":0,"explanation":"The broken-down-vehicle exception in article 5 lifts the parking prohibition only for the time needed to repair or remove the vehicle.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 (S.I. No. 182 of 1997)","provision":"Article 5(1), (2), (3), (6), as substituted by S.I. No. 274 of 1998, reg. 5","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/1998/si/274/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u2-parking-0015","exams":["BW"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"Your work vehicle's maximum design gross vehicle weight exceeds the figure on a large vehicle no parking plate at a housing estate entrance. When may you park in the area?","options":["Overnight when traffic is light","While loading or unloading goods for up to 30 minutes","For up to 2 hours when the road is clear","Whenever its unladen weight is below the plated figure"],"correct":1,"explanation":"The large-vehicle parking rule in article 38 bars a vehicle over the plated design gross weight, except for goods loading or unloading up to 30 minutes.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 (S.I. No. 182 of 1997)","provision":"Article 38, sub-article (1)(a) as amended by S.I. No. 332 of 2012, reg. 16(o)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/1997/si/182/made/en/html#article38","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u2-parking-0016","exams":["BW","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"You park on a public road and plan to enter a shop while leaving the heater running. What must you do before leaving the vehicle unattended?","options":["Leave the engine running for no more than 2 minutes","Leave the hazard warning lights on","Switch off the engine and set the parking brake","Set the parking brake only when parked on a slope"],"correct":2,"explanation":"The unattended-vehicle rule in article 87 requires the engine to be off and the parking brake to be effectively set before you leave.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Construction, Equipment and Use of Vehicles) Regulations 1963 (S.I. No. 190 of 1963)","provision":"Article 87(1)(a), (3)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/1963/si/190/made/en/html#article87","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u2-signals-0001","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"When must you signal before slowing, stopping or changing course?","options":["Only when another road user is close behind","At the moment you begin the manoeuvre","Only at junctions controlled by traffic lights","In enough time for the signal to be clearly understood"],"correct":3,"explanation":"The signalling rule in article 18 requires a clear signal in sufficient time before you slow, stop or alter course.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 (S.I. No. 182 of 1997)","provision":"Article 18(1), (3), (4)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/1997/si/182/made/en/html#article18","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u2-signals-0002","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"A driver ahead extends the right arm with the palm down and moves it slowly up and down. What are they signalling?","options":["They intend to slow down or stop","They intend to turn right","They intend to turn left","They want you to overtake"],"correct":0,"explanation":"The hand-signal rule in article 18 and Table A assigns a slowly raised and lowered right arm to slowing down or stopping.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 (S.I. No. 182 of 1997)","provision":"Article 18(1) and Second Schedule, Table A","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/1997/si/182/made/en/html#article18","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u2-signals-0003","exams":["BW"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"Your car indicators fail. How do you give the hand signal for turning left?","options":["Hold the right arm straight out with the palm forward","Move the right arm slowly up and down","Extend the left arm straight from the window","Extend the right arm and rotate it anti-clockwise"],"correct":3,"explanation":"The car left-turn hand-signal rule in article 18 and Table A uses the extended right arm rotated anti-clockwise.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 (S.I. No. 182 of 1997)","provision":"Article 18(1) and Second Schedule, Table A","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/1997/si/182/made/en/html#article18","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u2-signals-0004","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"You want to tell a Garda on points duty that you intend to go straight ahead. Which hand signal should you give?","options":["Point one arm straight ahead","Wave one hand from side to side","Raise the forearm and hand with the palm facing forward","Flash the headlights twice"],"correct":2,"explanation":"The straight-ahead signal to a Garda in article 18 and Table B is an upward forearm and hand with the palm facing forward.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 (S.I. No. 182 of 1997)","provision":"Article 18(2) and Second Schedule, Table B","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/1997/si/182/made/en/html#article18","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u2-signals-0005","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"The traffic lights show green, but a Garda controlling the junction directs you to stop. Which instruction takes priority?","options":["The green light because it is illuminated","The Garda's direction to stop","The instruction given by the driver behind","Whichever instruction you noticed first"],"correct":1,"explanation":"The Garda-direction rule in article 6 makes a Garda's traffic direction override a conflicting traffic-light requirement.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 (S.I. No. 182 of 1997)","provision":"Article 6(1), (2)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/1997/si/182/made/en/html#article6","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u2-signals-0006","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"Who must comply with directions given by a Garda to control traffic?","options":["Drivers and pedestrians","Only drivers of motor cars","Only drivers near a marked patrol car","Drivers but not pedestrians"],"correct":0,"explanation":"The Garda-direction rule in article 6 requires both drivers and pedestrians to comply with directions used to regulate or control traffic.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 (S.I. No. 182 of 1997)","provision":"Article 6(1), (2)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/1997/si/182/made/en/html#article6","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u2-signals-0007","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"A Garda on points duty faces you and raises the right arm fully above the shoulder. What must you do?","options":["Proceed in the direction the Garda is facing","Stop because you are approaching from the front","Continue because the signal applies only behind the Garda","Move into the lane nearest the Garda"],"correct":1,"explanation":"The Garda stop-signal rule in article 19 and Table C requires traffic and pedestrians approaching from the front to halt for the raised right arm.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 (S.I. No. 182 of 1997)","provision":"Article 19, as substituted by S.I. No. 98 of 2003, reg. 4, and Second Schedule, Table C","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/1997/si/182/made/en/html#article19","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u2-signals-0008","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"You approach a Garda from behind while the Garda holds the left arm horizontally. What does the signal require?","options":["Proceed past the Garda slowly","Turn into the lane being indicated","Stop because you are approaching from behind","Continue because only pedestrians at the junction must stop"],"correct":2,"explanation":"The Garda stop-signal rule in article 19 and Table C requires traffic and pedestrians approaching from behind to halt for the horizontal left arm.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 (S.I. No. 182 of 1997)","provision":"Article 19, as substituted by S.I. No. 98 of 2003, reg. 4, and Second Schedule, Table C","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/1997/si/182/made/en/html#article19","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u2-levelcrossing-0001","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"Red lights are flashing at a level crossing, but the barrier is still raised and no train is visible. What must you do?","options":["Cross because the barrier is still raised","Slow down and cross after checking both ways","Cross because no train is visible","Stop before the stop line and do not pass it"],"correct":3,"explanation":"The flashing-red level-crossing rule in article 31 prohibits passing the stop line, barrier or lights while the red lamps flash.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 (S.I. No. 182 of 1997)","provision":"Article 31(1), as substituted by S.I. No. 332 of 2012, reg. 16(l)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2012/si/332/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u2-levelcrossing-0002","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"Red lights are flashing at a lifting bridge. What does the signal require you to do?","options":["Stop before the control point and remain there","Continue because the rule applies only to railways","Slow down and cross if the bridge appears closed","Proceed when no vessel is visible"],"correct":0,"explanation":"The flashing-red crossing rule in article 31 also controls lifting bridges, so you must not go past the relevant stop point.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 (S.I. No. 182 of 1997)","provision":"Article 31(1), as substituted by S.I. No. 332 of 2012, reg. 16(l)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2012/si/332/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u2-levelcrossing-0003","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"A steady amber light comes on at a level crossing while you are far enough back to stop safely. What should you do?","options":["Accelerate across before the red lights begin","Stop before entering the crossing","Continue because amber means the barriers will rise","Cross slowly while checking for a train"],"correct":1,"explanation":"The level-crossing amber-light rule in regulation 46 requires a stop unless you are already too close to stop safely.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 46(4)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u2-signlaw-0001","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"Which item counts as a traffic sign in law?","options":["Only a sign mounted on a pole","Only a sign that contains words","A road marking painted on the road","Only a sign placed by the Gardaí at the roadside"],"correct":2,"explanation":"The traffic-sign definition in section 95 includes markings and signals as well as upright signs and other devices.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic Act 1961 (No. 24 of 1961)","provision":"Section 95(1), definition of traffic sign, as substituted by Road Traffic and Roads Act 2023, s. 51(a)(iii)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2023/act/16/section/51/enacted/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u2-signlaw-0002","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"A driver accused of ignoring a no right turn sign says it may not have been lawfully placed. What presumption applies?","options":["The sign is valid only when a Garda is present","The charge fails whenever the sign looks faded","The prosecution must first produce the placement record in every case","The sign is presumed lawful unless the driver shows otherwise"],"correct":3,"explanation":"The traffic-sign presumption in section 95 treats a sign on or near a public road as lawfully provided unless the defendant proves otherwise.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic Act 1961 (No. 24 of 1961)","provision":"Section 95(18)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/1961/act/24/section/95/enacted/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u2-signlaw-0003","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"A driver passes a 50 km/h sign and claims the true limit is higher. What presumption applies in a speeding case?","options":["The displayed limit is presumed to apply unless shown otherwise","The sign is guidance until a Garda confirms it","The usual road limit replaces the displayed limit","The sign applies only to heavy vehicles"],"correct":0,"explanation":"The displayed-speed presumption in section 47 treats the limit shown on the traffic sign as the road's limit unless the contrary is proved.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic Act 1961 (No. 24 of 1961)","provision":"Section 47(2A), inserted by Road Traffic Act 2010, s. 76","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2010/act/25/section/76/enacted/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u2-signlaw-0004","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"What does a prohibitory sign tell you?","options":["A hazard is ahead","A stated movement or action is forbidden","A route must be followed","A town lies in the direction shown"],"correct":1,"explanation":"The prohibitory-sign rule in regulation 14 identifies an action or movement that a vehicle must not make.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 14(2)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u2-signlaw-0005","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"What does a mandatory sign tell you?","options":["An action you must not take","A hazard that may be ahead","A direction or route traffic must follow","The distance to the next town"],"correct":2,"explanation":"The mandatory-sign rule in regulation 4 gives a direction or route that traffic must follow, rather than a warning or prohibition.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 4(1)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u2-signlaw-0006","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"What point does a stop line mark?","options":["The place where braking should begin","The edge of the major road","A waiting place used only in heavy traffic","The point you must not pass when stopping"],"correct":3,"explanation":"The stop-line rule in regulation 69 marks the point beyond which traffic must not proceed when required to stop.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulations 29(2), (4), 69(1) and 70(1)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u2-signlaw-0007","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"A hatched merging and diverging area separates a slip lane from the main carriageway. May you drive into it?","options":["No, traffic must not enter the hatched area","Yes, if you can leave it without stopping","Yes, while waiting to turn right","Yes, when overtaking slower traffic"],"correct":0,"explanation":"The merging-and-diverging marking rule in regulation 73 marks an area of road that traffic must not enter.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulations 72(1) and 73(1)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u2-signlaw-0008","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"An electronic speed limit sign above your lane displays a lower limit than the usual limit for the road. Which limit applies?","options":["The usual limit for the road","The limit displayed above your lane","The displayed limit only for goods vehicles","Whichever limit nearby traffic follows"],"correct":1,"explanation":"The electronic-speed-sign rule in regulation 36 makes the displayed limit the legal limit for the lane while it is shown.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 36(1), (3)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u2-signlaw-0009","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"A road worker holds a STOP disc facing you at roadworks. What must you do?","options":["Slow down and pass the worker carefully","Stop, then go when the road looks clear","Stop before the disc and remain stopped while it is shown","Continue unless you are driving a heavy vehicle"],"correct":2,"explanation":"The roadworks STOP-disc rule in regulation 32 requires traffic to stop before the sign and remain stopped while it faces them.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 32(1), (3)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u2-signlaw-0010","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"What is the difference between a single yellow line and double yellow lines?","options":["Both prohibit parking at every time","A single line bans stopping while double lines ban parking","Double lines allow parking at night","A single line restricts parking at stated times while double lines prohibit it at all times"],"correct":3,"explanation":"The yellow-line meaning rule in regulations 62 and 63 distinguishes timed restrictions on a single line from an all-times parking ban on double lines.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulations 62(1) and 63(1)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u3-lights-0001","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"hazard-awareness","stem":"The sun sets at 18:10. When do lighting-up hours begin that evening?","options":["18:40","18:10","19:10","17:40"],"correct":0,"explanation":"Lighting-up hours begin 30 minutes after sunset under the 1963 Lighting Regulations, article 3(1). They therefore begin at 18:40.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Lighting of Vehicles) Regulations 1963 (S.I. No. 189 of 1963)","provision":"Article 3(1), definition of lighting-up hours","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/1963/si/189/made/en/html#article3","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u3-lights-0002","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"hazard-awareness","stem":"Sunrise is at 07:50. At what time do lighting-up hours end that morning?","options":["07:50","07:20","06:50","08:20"],"correct":1,"explanation":"The 1963 Lighting Regulations, article 3(1), end lighting-up hours 30 minutes before sunrise. With sunrise at 07:50, the end time is 07:20.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Lighting of Vehicles) Regulations 1963 (S.I. No. 189 of 1963)","provision":"Article 3(1), definition of lighting-up hours","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/1963/si/189/made/en/html#article3","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u3-lights-0003","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"hazard-awareness","stem":"On a winter afternoon, sunset is at 16:25. Which period marks the start of lighting-up hours?","options":["At 16:25 exactly","At 17:25","At 16:55","At 15:55"],"correct":2,"explanation":"Article 3(1) of the 1963 Lighting Regulations starts lighting-up hours half an hour after sunset. Half an hour after 16:25 is 16:55.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Lighting of Vehicles) Regulations 1963 (S.I. No. 189 of 1963)","provision":"Article 3(1), definition of lighting-up hours","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/1963/si/189/made/en/html#article3","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u3-lights-0004","exams":["BW"],"topic":"hazard-awareness","stem":"You drive a car on a public road during lighting-up hours. Which lamps must be lit throughout its use?","options":["Only the headlamps","Only the side lamps","The rear lamps and the stop lamps","The side lamps, rear lamps and number plate lighting"],"correct":3,"explanation":"The 1963 Lighting Regulations, article 20(1)(a), require lit side lamps, rear lamps and number plate lighting during lighting-up hours.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Lighting of Vehicles) Regulations 1963 (S.I. No. 189 of 1963)","provision":"Article 20(1)(a)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/1963/si/189/made/en/html#article20","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u3-lights-0005","exams":["BW"],"topic":"hazard-awareness","stem":"During lighting-up hours, which group of lamps must a car show lit while it is being used in a public place?","options":["Side lamps, rear lamps and number plate lighting","Headlamps and side lamps only","Rear lamps only outside built-up areas","Number plate lighting only on motorways"],"correct":0,"explanation":"Article 20(1)(a) of the 1963 Lighting Regulations requires the side lamps, rear lamps and number plate lighting to be lit as a group.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Lighting of Vehicles) Regulations 1963 (S.I. No. 189 of 1963)","provision":"Article 20(1)(a)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/1963/si/189/made/en/html#article20","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u3-lights-0006","exams":["BW","D"],"topic":"hazard-awareness","stem":"At 23:00 during lighting-up hours, you drive on an unlit rural road. What does the law require of your headlamps?","options":["They are optional below 50 km/h","They must be lit while you are driving","They are needed only when another vehicle approaches","They may remain off if the side lamps are lit"],"correct":1,"explanation":"The 1963 Lighting Regulations, article 20(1)(b), require headlamps to be lit when the vehicle is being driven during lighting-up hours.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Lighting of Vehicles) Regulations 1963 (S.I. No. 189 of 1963)","provision":"Article 20(1)(b)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/1963/si/189/made/en/html#article20","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u3-lights-0007","exams":["BW","D"],"topic":"hazard-awareness","stem":"At 21:30 on a December evening you are driving on an unlit road during lighting-up hours. Which statement about headlamps is correct?","options":["They are needed only when you meet other traffic","They may be left off if the rear lamps are lit","They must be lit while the vehicle is being driven","They are required only above 50 km/h"],"correct":2,"explanation":"Article 20(1)(b) of the 1963 Lighting Regulations requires lit headlamps whenever the vehicle is being driven during lighting-up hours. The rear lamps are a separate duty under article 20(1)(a).","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Lighting of Vehicles) Regulations 1963 (S.I. No. 189 of 1963)","provision":"Article 20(1)(b)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/1963/si/189/made/en/html#article20","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u3-lights-0008","exams":["BW"],"topic":"hazard-awareness","stem":"During lighting-up hours, your car is stopped in a traffic queue. Which statement describes the headlamp rule?","options":["All vehicle lamps may be switched off","Headlamps must stay lit without exception","Only the number plate lighting may be switched off","Headlamps need not be lit while stopped in traffic, but the other required lamps remain lit"],"correct":3,"explanation":"The exception in the 1963 Lighting Regulations, article 20(1)(b), applies to headlamps while stopped in traffic. Article 20(1)(a) still requires the other lamps.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Lighting of Vehicles) Regulations 1963 (S.I. No. 189 of 1963)","provision":"Article 20(1)(b)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/1963/si/189/made/en/html#article20","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u3-lights-0009","exams":["BW","D"],"topic":"hazard-awareness","stem":"Thick fog during daylight reduces visibility to night-time levels. Which lamps must you use?","options":["Side, rear and number plate lamps, plus headlamps where needed for safe driving","Hazard warning lights instead of the vehicle lamps","No lamps until lighting-up hours begin","Only the side lamps unless you are on a motorway"],"correct":0,"explanation":"The 1963 Lighting Regulations, article 20(2), require side, rear and number plate lamps in daytime visibility this poor, with headlamps where safe driving needs them.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Lighting of Vehicles) Regulations 1963 (S.I. No. 189 of 1963)","provision":"Article 20(2)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/1963/si/189/made/en/html#article20","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u3-lights-0010","exams":["BW","D"],"topic":"hazard-awareness","stem":"Very heavy daytime rain makes the road as dark as night. What lighting does article 20 require?","options":["Only hazard warning lights","Side, rear and number plate lamps, and headlamps if needed to drive safely","No lighting before sunset","Rear lamps only on roads above 50 km/h"],"correct":1,"explanation":"Article 20(2) of the 1963 Lighting Regulations applies when daytime visibility falls to night-time levels. It requires the listed lamps and headlamps where safety needs them.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Lighting of Vehicles) Regulations 1963 (S.I. No. 189 of 1963)","provision":"Article 20(2)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/1963/si/189/made/en/html#article20","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u3-lights-0011","exams":["BW","D"],"topic":"hazard-awareness","stem":"Before lighting-up hours, a winter storm makes the afternoon as dark as night. Which action meets the lighting rule?","options":["Wait until lighting-up hours before using any lamps","Use hazard warning lights in place of the required lamps","Light the side, rear and number plate lamps, adding headlamps where safe driving needs them","Use the lamps only if travelling on a motorway"],"correct":2,"explanation":"The daytime poor-visibility rule in the 1963 Lighting Regulations, article 20(2), requires these lamps even before lighting-up hours when conditions become as dark as night.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Lighting of Vehicles) Regulations 1963 (S.I. No. 189 of 1963)","provision":"Article 20(2)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/1963/si/189/made/en/html#article20","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u3-lights-0012","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"hazard-awareness","stem":"An oncoming vehicle appears while you are using full beam on a dark road. When should you dip your headlamps?","options":["Only after the other driver flashes","Once the vehicles are side by side","Only if the road has street lighting","In good time before your lights could dazzle the other road user"],"correct":3,"explanation":"The 1963 Lighting Regulations, article 49(2), require headlamps to be dipped in good time to avoid dazzle when meeting oncoming traffic.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Lighting of Vehicles) Regulations 1963 (S.I. No. 189 of 1963)","provision":"Article 49(2)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/1963/si/189/made/en/html#article49","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u3-lights-0013","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"hazard-awareness","stem":"At night you catch up and follow closely behind another vehicle while using full beam. What should you do?","options":["Dip the headlamps in good time so the driver ahead is not dazzled","Keep full beam because the driver ahead faces away","Dip only when the vehicle ahead brakes","Use full beam until you begin to overtake"],"correct":0,"explanation":"Article 49(2) of the 1963 Lighting Regulations requires dipping in good time when following closely, because full beam can dazzle the driver ahead.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Lighting of Vehicles) Regulations 1963 (S.I. No. 189 of 1963)","provision":"Article 49(2)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/1963/si/189/made/en/html#article49","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u3-lights-0014","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"hazard-awareness","stem":"What is the main timing rule for dipping full beam when it might dazzle another road user?","options":["Dip only when both vehicles have stopped","Dip in good time before dazzle is caused","Wait until the other road user signals","Dip only on roads with public lighting"],"correct":1,"explanation":"The 1963 Lighting Regulations, article 49(2), make avoiding dazzle the purpose of dipping and require the change to be made in good time.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Lighting of Vehicles) Regulations 1963 (S.I. No. 189 of 1963)","provision":"Article 49(2)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/1963/si/189/made/en/html#article49","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u3-lights-0015","exams":["BW","D"],"topic":"hazard-awareness","stem":"During lighting-up hours, dense fog covers a rural road. What may replace the headlamps?","options":["A single front fog lamp","Hazard warning lights","A correctly placed pair of fog lamps","Side lamps on their own"],"correct":2,"explanation":"The 1963 Lighting Regulations, article 20(1)(c), allow a correctly placed pair of fog lamps instead of headlamps during lighting-up hours in fog.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Lighting of Vehicles) Regulations 1963 (S.I. No. 189 of 1963)","provision":"Article 20(1)(c)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/1963/si/189/made/en/html#article20","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u3-lights-0016","exams":["BW","D"],"topic":"hazard-awareness","stem":"Snow is falling heavily after dark during lighting-up hours. Which alternative to headlamps is permitted?","options":["One fog lamp anywhere on the front","A pair of fog lamps in any weather","Hazard warning lights with no other lighting","A correctly placed pair of fog lamps"],"correct":3,"explanation":"Article 20(1)(c) of the 1963 Lighting Regulations permits a correctly placed pair of fog lamps in place of headlamps while snow is falling during lighting-up hours.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Lighting of Vehicles) Regulations 1963 (S.I. No. 189 of 1963)","provision":"Article 20(1)(c)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/1963/si/189/made/en/html#article20","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u3-lights-0017","exams":["BW","AM"],"topic":"hazard-awareness","lesson":"vulnerable-road-users","stem":"You ride a bicycle on a public road during lighting-up hours. Which lamps must be lit?","options":["A white or yellow front lamp and a red rear lamp","A red front lamp and a white rear lamp","A white front lamp with reflectors instead of a rear lamp","Lamps only when the road has no street lighting"],"correct":0,"explanation":"The 1963 Lighting Regulations, article 29(1), (3), (4), require a lit white or yellow front lamp and a lit red rear lamp on a bicycle ridden during lighting-up hours.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Lighting of Vehicles) Regulations 1963 (S.I. No. 189 of 1963)","provision":"Article 29(1), (3), (4)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/1963/si/189/made/en/html#article29","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u3-belts-0001","exams":["BW"],"topic":"safe-driving-behaviour","stem":"An adult sits in the rear of a car where a seat belt is fitted. What must the passenger do?","options":["Wear it only on a motorway","Wear the fitted seat belt","Wear it only for a long journey","Leave it unused because rear seats are exempt"],"correct":1,"explanation":"The 2006 Safety Belts Regulations, regulation 5(1), (3), require an adult to wear a seat belt wherever one is fitted in the car.","source":{"instrument":"European Communities (Compulsory Use of Safety Belts and Child Restraint Systems in Motor Vehicles) Regulations 2006 (S.I. No. 240 of 2006)","provision":"Regulation 5(1), (3)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2006/si/240/made/en/html#partii","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u3-belts-0002","exams":["BW"],"topic":"safe-driving-behaviour","stem":"You are driving a van with a seat belt fitted at your seat. Which rule applies?","options":["Van drivers need belts only above 50 km/h","A belt is optional on a local journey","You must wear the fitted seat belt","Vans are outside the seat belt rule"],"correct":2,"explanation":"Regulation 5(1), (3) of the 2006 Safety Belts Regulations requires an adult in a van to wear the seat belt fitted at that seat.","source":{"instrument":"European Communities (Compulsory Use of Safety Belts and Child Restraint Systems in Motor Vehicles) Regulations 2006 (S.I. No. 240 of 2006)","provision":"Regulation 5(1), (3)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2006/si/240/made/en/html#partii","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u3-belts-0003","exams":["BW"],"topic":"safe-driving-behaviour","stem":"An adult travels in a truck cab at a seat fitted with a belt. When is the belt required?","options":["Only outside a built-up area","Only when carrying a load","Only above 50 km/h","Whenever the adult occupies that fitted seat"],"correct":3,"explanation":"The 2006 Safety Belts Regulations, regulation 5(1), (3), apply to adults in trucks and require use of a seat belt where one is fitted.","source":{"instrument":"European Communities (Compulsory Use of Safety Belts and Child Restraint Systems in Motor Vehicles) Regulations 2006 (S.I. No. 240 of 2006)","provision":"Regulation 5(1), (3)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2006/si/240/made/en/html#partii","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u3-belts-0004","exams":["BW"],"topic":"safe-driving-behaviour","stem":"A 16-year-old front passenger refuses to wear the fitted seat belt. Who has the legal duty to ensure it is worn?","options":["The driver","The passenger alone","Another adult passenger","Nobody if the passenger refuses"],"correct":0,"explanation":"Under the 2006 Safety Belts Regulations, regulation 5(2), (3), the driver must ensure that a passenger under 17 wears the fitted seat belt.","source":{"instrument":"European Communities (Compulsory Use of Safety Belts and Child Restraint Systems in Motor Vehicles) Regulations 2006 (S.I. No. 240 of 2006)","provision":"Regulation 5(2), (3)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2006/si/240/made/en/html#partii","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u3-belts-0005","exams":["BW"],"topic":"safe-driving-behaviour","stem":"A 15-year-old passenger sits in the back without fastening the fitted belt. Who is responsible for ensuring compliance?","options":["The passenger's parent, even if not present","The driver","The passenger because they are over 14","No one on a short journey"],"correct":1,"explanation":"Regulation 5(2), (3) of the 2006 Safety Belts Regulations places the duty on the driver for passengers who are under 17.","source":{"instrument":"European Communities (Compulsory Use of Safety Belts and Child Restraint Systems in Motor Vehicles) Regulations 2006 (S.I. No. 240 of 2006)","provision":"Regulation 5(2), (3)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2006/si/240/made/en/html#partii","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u3-belts-0006","exams":["BW"],"topic":"safe-driving-behaviour","stem":"For the car seat belt rule, from what age is a passenger personally responsible for wearing a fitted belt?","options":["From age 14","From age 16","From age 17","From age 18"],"correct":2,"explanation":"The driver duty in the 2006 Safety Belts Regulations, regulation 5(2), (3), covers passengers under 17. From age 17, the passenger has the adult duty personally.","source":{"instrument":"European Communities (Compulsory Use of Safety Belts and Child Restraint Systems in Motor Vehicles) Regulations 2006 (S.I. No. 240 of 2006)","provision":"Regulation 5(2), (3)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2006/si/240/made/en/html#partii","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u3-belts-0007","exams":["BW"],"topic":"safe-driving-behaviour","stem":"You take a 2-year-old child on a short trip to the shops. How must the child travel?","options":["On an adult's lap in the rear","Sharing an adult seat belt","Using an adult belt without a child seat","In an appropriate child restraint"],"correct":3,"explanation":"The 2006 Safety Belts Regulations, regulation 6, require a child under 3 to use an appropriate child restraint, including on a short journey.","source":{"instrument":"European Communities (Compulsory Use of Safety Belts and Child Restraint Systems in Motor Vehicles) Regulations 2006 (S.I. No. 240 of 2006)","provision":"Regulation 6","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2006/si/240/made/en/html#partii","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u3-belts-0008","exams":["BW"],"topic":"safe-driving-behaviour","stem":"A baby is travelling in a car for a brief local journey. Which restraint meets the general rule?","options":["An appropriate child restraint","An adult's arms in the back seat","A shared adult seat belt","The car's adult belt on its own"],"correct":0,"explanation":"Regulation 6 of the 2006 Safety Belts Regulations requires a child under 3 to be secured in an appropriate child restraint, regardless of journey length.","source":{"instrument":"European Communities (Compulsory Use of Safety Belts and Child Restraint Systems in Motor Vehicles) Regulations 2006 (S.I. No. 240 of 2006)","provision":"Regulation 6","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2006/si/240/made/en/html#partii","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u3-belts-0009","exams":["BW"],"topic":"safe-driving-behaviour","stem":"A 9-year-old is 135 cm tall and weighs 30 kg. The car has rear belts and room for a child seat. What must be used?","options":["The adult belt alone because the child is over 125 cm","An appropriate child restraint","No restraint because the child is over 25 kg","The adult belt alone because the child is over 8"],"correct":1,"explanation":"The child definition and restraint rule in the 2006 Safety Belts Regulations, regulation 2(1) and regulation 7, cover a person under 150 cm and under 36 kg.","source":{"instrument":"European Communities (Compulsory Use of Safety Belts and Child Restraint Systems in Motor Vehicles) Regulations 2006 (S.I. No. 240 of 2006)","provision":"Regulation 2(1), definition of child, and Regulation 7","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2006/si/240/made/en/html#parti","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u3-belts-0010","exams":["BW"],"topic":"safe-driving-behaviour","stem":"Which pair of measurements defines a child for the general child restraint rules?","options":["Under 135 cm and under 36 kg","Under 150 cm and under 25 kg","Under 150 cm and under 36 kg","Under 125 cm and under 25 kg"],"correct":2,"explanation":"The 2006 Safety Belts Regulations, regulation 2(1), define a child for this rule as under 150 cm in height and under 36 kg in weight.","source":{"instrument":"European Communities (Compulsory Use of Safety Belts and Child Restraint Systems in Motor Vehicles) Regulations 2006 (S.I. No. 240 of 2006)","provision":"Regulation 2(1), definition of child, and Regulation 7","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2006/si/240/made/en/html#parti","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u3-belts-0011","exams":["BW"],"topic":"safe-driving-behaviour","stem":"A 4-year-old is under 150 cm and under 36 kg. The car has a suitable booster seat, rear belts and enough room. What should be used?","options":["An adult belt alone because the child is over 3","No restraint on a local road","An adult's seat belt shared with the child","The appropriate child restraint"],"correct":3,"explanation":"Regulation 7, read with the child definition in regulation 2(1) of the 2006 Safety Belts Regulations, requires an appropriate restraint for this child aged 3 or over.","source":{"instrument":"European Communities (Compulsory Use of Safety Belts and Child Restraint Systems in Motor Vehicles) Regulations 2006 (S.I. No. 240 of 2006)","provision":"Regulation 2(1), definition of child, and Regulation 7","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2006/si/240/made/en/html#parti","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u3-belts-0012","exams":["BW"],"topic":"safe-driving-behaviour","stem":"You want to place a rear-facing baby seat in front of an active frontal airbag. What does the rule require?","options":["Do not use that position unless the airbag is deactivated","Push the passenger seat fully back","Use it only for a short journey","Use it once the baby reaches a set weight"],"correct":0,"explanation":"The 2006 Safety Belts Regulations, regulation 8(2), prohibit a rear-facing restraint in front of an active frontal airbag unless that airbag is deactivated.","source":{"instrument":"European Communities (Compulsory Use of Safety Belts and Child Restraint Systems in Motor Vehicles) Regulations 2006 (S.I. No. 240 of 2006)","provision":"Regulation 8(2)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2006/si/240/made/en/html#partii","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u3-belts-0013","exams":["BW"],"topic":"safe-driving-behaviour","stem":"What must happen before a rear-facing child restraint may be fitted in front of a frontal airbag?","options":["The child must reach 10 kg","The frontal airbag must be deactivated","The seat must be moved fully back","The journey must be under 10 km"],"correct":1,"explanation":"Regulation 8(2) of the 2006 Safety Belts Regulations allows a rear-facing restraint in that position only when the frontal airbag has been deactivated.","source":{"instrument":"European Communities (Compulsory Use of Safety Belts and Child Restraint Systems in Motor Vehicles) Regulations 2006 (S.I. No. 240 of 2006)","provision":"Regulation 8(2)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2006/si/240/made/en/html#partii","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u3-belts-0014","exams":["BW"],"topic":"safe-driving-behaviour","stem":"A rear-facing child seat is moved as far back as possible in front of an active frontal airbag. Is that enough to comply?","options":["Yes, if the trip is short","Yes, if the seat feels secure","No, the airbag must be deactivated before that restraint is used there","Yes, once the child can sit unaided"],"correct":2,"explanation":"Moving the seat does not satisfy regulation 8(2) of the 2006 Safety Belts Regulations. A rear-facing restraint cannot face an active frontal airbag.","source":{"instrument":"European Communities (Compulsory Use of Safety Belts and Child Restraint Systems in Motor Vehicles) Regulations 2006 (S.I. No. 240 of 2006)","provision":"Regulation 8(2)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2006/si/240/made/en/html#partii","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u3-belts-0015","exams":["BW","D"],"topic":"safe-driving-behaviour","stem":"A family boards a coach fitted with passenger seat belts. Who must use a belt or suitable child restraint?","options":["Only passengers in the front row","Only passengers travelling on a motorway","Adults only","Adults and children aged 3 or over"],"correct":3,"explanation":"The 2006 Safety Belts Regulations, regulation 9, require adults and children aged 3 or over on a bus or coach with fitted belts to use the belt or child restraint.","source":{"instrument":"European Communities (Compulsory Use of Safety Belts and Child Restraint Systems in Motor Vehicles) Regulations 2006 (S.I. No. 240 of 2006)","provision":"Regulation 9","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2006/si/240/made/en/html#partiii","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u3-belts-0016","exams":["BW"],"topic":"safe-driving-behaviour","stem":"You are choosing a child seat. Which option meets the approval and fitting rule?","options":["A seat approved to UN ECE Regulation 44/03 or Regulation 129, fitted as the manufacturer instructs","Any seat that fits firmly in the car","Any child seat sold in an Irish shop","An approved seat fitted in any way that feels secure"],"correct":0,"explanation":"Regulation 3 of the 2006 Safety Belts Regulations, as substituted in 2014, requires approval to UN ECE Regulation 44/03 or Regulation 129 and fitting to the manufacturer's instructions.","source":{"instrument":"European Communities (Compulsory Use of Safety Belts and Child Restraint Systems in Motor Vehicles) Regulations 2006 (S.I. No. 240 of 2006)","provision":"Regulation 3, as substituted by S.I. No. 380 of 2014, Regulation 5","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2014/si/380/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u3-belts-0017","exams":["BW","D"],"topic":"safe-driving-behaviour","stem":"A driver who was not wearing a seat belt pays the fixed charge. How many penalty points apply?","options":["2 penalty points","3 penalty points","5 penalty points","A fine with no penalty points"],"correct":1,"explanation":"The current Road Traffic Act 2002, Schedule 1, Part 7, applies 3 penalty points when the fixed charge is paid. The 5-point value applies on conviction.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic Act 2002 (No. 12 of 2002)","provision":"Schedule 1, Part 7, references 1 to 6, as substituted by Road Traffic Act 2014, section 10(f)","url":"https://revisedacts.lawreform.ie/eli/2002/act/12/revised/en/html#SCHED1-PARTVII","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u3-hazard-0001","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"hazard-awareness","stem":"You approach a blind bend on a narrow local road with a 60 km/h limit. How should you choose your speed?","options":["Stay exactly 10 km/h below the limit","Drive at 60 km/h if no vehicle is visible","Use a speed that lets you stop within the clear distance you can see","Keep to the limit as long as your lights are on"],"correct":2,"explanation":"The Traffic and Parking Regulations 1997, article 7, require a speed that allows you to stop within the clear distance visible. The limit is a maximum, not a target.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 (S.I. No. 182 of 1997)","provision":"Article 7","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/1997/si/182/made/en/html#article7","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u3-hazard-0002","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"hazard-awareness","stem":"At night on an unlit road, your dipped headlamps show only a limited clear distance. What speed is lawful?","options":["The posted limit even if you could not stop in the lit distance","Any speed if no other lights are visible","Exactly 10 km/h below the posted limit","A speed that allows you to stop within the clear distance you can see"],"correct":3,"explanation":"Article 7 of the Traffic and Parking Regulations 1997 requires you to be able to stop within the visible clear distance. A speed limit is a maximum, not a target.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 (S.I. No. 182 of 1997)","provision":"Article 7","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/1997/si/182/made/en/html#article7","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u3-hazard-0003","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"hazard-awareness","stem":"Thick fog sharply reduces how far ahead you can see. What does the legal speed rule require?","options":["Slow enough to stop within the clear distance visible ahead","Travel at the limit if using lights","Remain 10 km/h below the limit","Use the same speed as traffic behind you"],"correct":0,"explanation":"The Traffic and Parking Regulations 1997, article 7, require you to stop within the clear distance you can see. In fog that may mean well below the maximum limit.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 (S.I. No. 182 of 1997)","provision":"Article 7","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/1997/si/182/made/en/html#article7","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u3-hazard-0004","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"hazard-awareness","stem":"As you approach the crest of a hill, the road beyond is hidden. Which speed choice follows the law?","options":["The posted limit because the road ahead looks empty","A speed that lets you stop within the section of road you can see to be clear","Ten kilometres per hour below the limit in every case","Any speed if you sound the horn"],"correct":1,"explanation":"Article 7 of the Traffic and Parking Regulations 1997 requires a speed that permits a stop within the clear visible distance. The limit remains a maximum, not a target.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 (S.I. No. 182 of 1997)","provision":"Article 7","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/1997/si/182/made/en/html#article7","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u3-hazard-0005","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"hazard-awareness","stem":"In dry conditions you leave a two-second following gap. What minimum gap does RSA advice give for a wet road?","options":["Two seconds","Three seconds","At least four seconds","The same gap as the road user behind"],"correct":2,"explanation":"RSA advice says to at least double the dry two-second gap in wet conditions, giving a gap of at least four seconds. This is advice, not a legal rule.","source":{"instrument":"Rules of the Road, Road Safety Authority, Revision No. 9, May 2026 (guidance, not law)","provision":"The two-second rule, PDF page 117 (printed page 115)","url":"https://www.rsa.ie/docs/default-source/road-safety/r1---rules-of-the-road/ruleoftheroad_book-for-web.pdf?sfvrsn=b5d57830_8","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"fact-restated"}},{"id":"u3-hazard-0006","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"hazard-awareness","stem":"Snow or ice makes the road slippery. How should your following gap compare with the gap used in wet weather?","options":["Use the dry two-second gap","Add exactly one second","Match the gap left by the road user behind","Leave a much longer gap than you would in the wet"],"correct":3,"explanation":"RSA advice calls for a much longer following gap in snow, fog or ice than in the wet: count the two-second gap four or five times over instead of twice. This is RSA advice, not a legal rule.","source":{"instrument":"Rules of the Road, Road Safety Authority, Revision No. 9, May 2026 (guidance, not law)","provision":"The two-second rule, PDF page 117 (printed page 115)","url":"https://www.rsa.ie/docs/default-source/road-safety/r1---rules-of-the-road/ruleoftheroad_book-for-web.pdf?sfvrsn=b5d57830_8","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"fact-restated"}},{"id":"u4-licence-0001","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"What must you hold before driving a motor vehicle in a public place?","options":["A driving licence or learner permit covering that vehicle category","Motor tax and insurance, even without a licence or permit","A full driving licence for any vehicle category","A licence or permit only when making a long journey"],"correct":0,"explanation":"Under section 38(1) of the Road Traffic Act 1961 you may not drive a mechanically propelled vehicle in a public place unless you hold a licence that covers that vehicle, and a learner permit licenses a learner to drive the category named on it. Motor tax and insurance are separate duties, and a licence for another category does not cover the vehicle you are driving.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic Act 1961 (No. 24 of 1961)","provision":"Section 38(1)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/1961/act/24/section/38/enacted/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u4-licence-0002","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"You drive while disqualified and are convicted. What penalty can the court impose?","options":["Penalty points with no fine or prison sentence","A fine of up to €5,000, up to 6 months in prison, or both","A fine of up to €1,000 with no prison sentence","Up to 3 months in prison with no fine"],"correct":1,"explanation":"Section 12 of the Road Traffic Act 2006 sets the penalty for driving while disqualified at a fine of up to €5,000, imprisonment for up to 6 months, or both.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic Act 2006 (No. 23 of 2006)","provision":"Section 12, substituting section 38 of the Road Traffic Act 1961 (subsection (5))","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2006/act/23/section/12/enacted/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u4-licence-0003","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"A Garda asks for your driving licence at the roadside, but it is at home. What must you do?","options":["Produce it at any Garda station within 28 days","Produce it only if a court later asks for it","Produce it within 10 days at a Garda station you name","Produce it at the nearest Garda station within 7 days"],"correct":2,"explanation":"Section 40 of the Road Traffic Act 1961, as substituted by section 59 of the Road Traffic Act 2010, allows 10 days to produce the licence at a Garda station chosen by you.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic Act 2010 (No. 25 of 2010)","provision":"Section 59(1), substituting section 40 of the Road Traffic Act 1961 (subsections (1), (2) and (4)(a))","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2010/act/25/section/59/enacted/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u4-licence-0004","exams":["BW"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","lesson":"learner-and-novice-rules","stem":"Before applying for your first car learner permit, which theory test document must you hold?","options":["An expired certificate for any vehicle category","A car certificate obtained after the permit is issued","A motorcycle certificate that is still in force","A theory test certificate for the car category that is still in force"],"correct":3,"explanation":"Regulation 20(5)(a)(v) of the Road Traffic (Licensing of Drivers) Regulations 2006 requires a theory test certificate that is in force for the category of the first learner permit.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Licensing of Drivers) Regulations 2006 (S.I. No. 537 of 2006)","provision":"Regulation 20(5)(a)(v)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2006/si/537/made/en/print","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u4-licence-0006","exams":["BW","AM"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"For a holder under 65, how long does a full car, motorcycle, moped or tractor licence normally run?","options":["5 years","10 years","3 years","For the holder's lifetime"],"correct":1,"explanation":"Regulation 10(2), inserted by regulation 3 of the Road Traffic (Licensing of Drivers) (Amendment) Regulations 2022, gives these full licence categories a normal duration of 10 years for a holder under 65.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Licensing of Drivers) (Amendment) Regulations 2022 (S.I. No. 53 of 2022)","provision":"Regulation 3, inserting Regulation 10(2) of S.I. No. 537 of 2006","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2022/si/53/made/en/print","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u4-insurance-0001","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"You want to move your vehicle a short distance in a public place, but no insurance policy is in force. What applies?","options":["Insurance is needed only when travelling more than 1 km","Insurance is unnecessary if the vehicle is taxed","An approved insurance policy is required for any use in a public place","Insurance is required only when using a public road"],"correct":2,"explanation":"Section 56(1) of the Road Traffic Act 1961 requires an approved policy of insurance whenever a vehicle is used in a public place, regardless of the distance travelled.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic Act 1961 (No. 24 of 1961)","provision":"Section 56(1)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/1961/act/24/section/56/enacted/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u4-insurance-0002","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"A Garda demands your insurance certificate during a journey, and you do not have it with you. What is required?","options":["Ask the insurer to send it directly to the Gardaí","Show it at the roadside within 21 days","Take it to the nearest Garda station within 7 days","Produce it within ten days at a Garda station you name"],"correct":3,"explanation":"Section 69(1)(a) of the Road Traffic Act 1961 gives you ten days from the demand to produce the insurance certificate at a Garda station named by you.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic Act 1961 (No. 24 of 1961)","provision":"Section 69(1)(a)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/1961/act/24/section/69/enacted/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u4-insurance-0003","exams":["BW"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"Where must you display a car's insurance disc?","options":["In a conspicuous position on the windscreen","Inside the glovebox beside the insurance certificate","On the rear window where it can be seen from behind","Anywhere inside the car that remains dry"],"correct":0,"explanation":"Article 5 of the Road Traffic (Insurance Disc) Regulations 1984, as substituted in 1986, requires the insurance disc to be displayed conspicuously on the windscreen.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Insurance Disc) (Amendment) Regulations 1986 (S.I. No. 227 of 1986)","provision":"Article 4, substituting Article 5 of S.I. No. 355 of 1984","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/1986/si/227/made/en/print","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u4-learner-0001","exams":["BW"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","lesson":"learner-and-novice-rules","stem":"You hold a car learner permit and want to make a short trip early on a quiet morning. May you drive alone?","options":["Yes, if the route is less than 5 km","No, a qualified person must accompany and supervise you","Yes, if you avoid main roads","Yes, after completing all EDT lessons"],"correct":1,"explanation":"Regulation 17(6)(b)(iv) of the Road Traffic (Licensing of Drivers) Regulations 2006 requires a car learner to be accompanied and supervised whenever driving on the road.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Licensing of Drivers) Regulations 2006 (S.I. No. 537 of 2006)","provision":"Regulation 17(6)(b)(iv)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2006/si/537/made/en/print","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u4-learner-0002","exams":["BW"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","lesson":"learner-and-novice-rules","stem":"When may you drive a car without a qualified accompanying person while you hold a learner permit?","options":["When driving only in daylight","When using a quiet local road","While taking the driving test itself","After finishing the 12 EDT lessons"],"correct":2,"explanation":"Regulation 17(6) of the Road Traffic (Licensing of Drivers) Regulations 2006 requires a car learner to be accompanied and supervised by a qualified person, and lifts that condition while the learner is driving in the course of a driving test. Daylight, a quiet road or a finished course of lessons make no difference to it.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Licensing of Drivers) Regulations 2006 (S.I. No. 537 of 2006)","provision":"Regulation 17(6)(b)(iv)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2006/si/537/made/en/print","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u4-learner-0003","exams":["BW"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","lesson":"learner-and-novice-rules","stem":"How long must your accompanying driver have held the required full licence without disqualification?","options":["For 1 continuous year","For any period before turning 21","For 3 continuous years","For 2 continuous years"],"correct":3,"explanation":"Regulation 17(6)(a) of the Road Traffic (Licensing of Drivers) Regulations 2006, as substituted in 2007, requires 2 continuous years holding the full licence without disqualification.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Licensing of Learner Drivers) Regulations 2007 (S.I. No. 719 of 2007)","provision":"Regulation 2(b)(i), substituting Regulation 17(6)(a) of S.I. No. 537 of 2006","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2007/si/719/made/en/print","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u4-learner-0004","exams":["BW"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","lesson":"learner-and-novice-rules","stem":"You are a car learner. Your passenger has held only a full motorcycle licence for several years. Can that person accompany you?","options":["No, the full licence must cover the same vehicle category","Yes, any full driving licence is sufficient","Yes, if the passenger is over 21","No, because only an instructor may accompany a learner"],"correct":0,"explanation":"Regulation 17(6)(a) of the Road Traffic (Licensing of Drivers) Regulations 2006 requires the accompanying person's full licence to cover the same category as the learner's car.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Licensing of Learner Drivers) Regulations 2007 (S.I. No. 719 of 2007)","provision":"Regulation 2(b)(i), substituting Regulation 17(6)(a) of S.I. No. 537 of 2006","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2007/si/719/made/en/print","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u4-learner-0005","exams":["BW"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","lesson":"learner-and-novice-rules","stem":"A relative passed the car driving test 14 months ago and offers to accompany you as a car learner. Is that enough?","options":["Yes, because passing the car test is enough","No, the full car licence must have been held for 2 continuous years","Yes, because more than 12 months have passed","No, an accompanying driver must hold a motorcycle licence too"],"correct":1,"explanation":"Regulation 17(6)(a) of the Road Traffic (Licensing of Drivers) Regulations 2006 requires 2 continuous years holding the full licence, so 14 months is insufficient.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Licensing of Learner Drivers) Regulations 2007 (S.I. No. 719 of 2007)","provision":"Regulation 2(b)(i), substituting Regulation 17(6)(a) of S.I. No. 537 of 2006","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2007/si/719/made/en/print","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u4-learner-0006","exams":["BW"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","lesson":"learner-and-novice-rules","stem":"Where must you display L plates while driving a car on a learner permit?","options":["On the rear of the car only","Inside the back window only","On both the front and rear of the car","On either the front or rear, at your choice"],"correct":2,"explanation":"Regulation 17(6)(b)(iii)(I) of the Road Traffic (Licensing of Drivers) Regulations 2006, as substituted in 2007, requires car L plates at both the front and rear.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Licensing of Learner Drivers) Regulations 2007 (S.I. No. 719 of 2007)","provision":"Regulation 2(b)(ii), substituting Regulation 17(6)(b)(iii)(I) of S.I. No. 537 of 2006","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2007/si/719/made/en/print","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u4-learner-0007","exams":["BW"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","lesson":"learner-and-novice-rules","stem":"What appearance must the L plates on your learner car have?","options":["A white letter L on a red background, 15 cm high","A red letter L on a white background, 10 cm high","A black letter L on a yellow background, 15 cm high","A red letter L on a white background, at least 15 cm high"],"correct":3,"explanation":"Regulation 17(6)(b)(iii)(I) of the Road Traffic (Licensing of Drivers) Regulations 2006 requires a red L on white, with the letter at least 15 cm high.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Licensing of Learner Drivers) Regulations 2007 (S.I. No. 719 of 2007)","provision":"Regulation 2(b)(ii), substituting Regulation 17(6)(b)(iii)(I) of S.I. No. 537 of 2006","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2007/si/719/made/en/print","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u4-learner-0008","exams":["BW"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","lesson":"learner-and-novice-rules","stem":"A passenger offers to pay you for a lift while you are a learner. May you carry that passenger?","options":["No, a learner may not carry a passenger for reward","Yes, if the payment covers fuel only","Yes, if your accompanying driver agrees","Yes, after you complete all required lessons"],"correct":0,"explanation":"Regulation 17(6)(b)(ii) of the Road Traffic (Licensing of Drivers) Regulations 2006 prohibits a learner from carrying a passenger for reward.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Licensing of Drivers) Regulations 2006 (S.I. No. 537 of 2006)","provision":"Regulation 17(6)(b)(ii)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2006/si/537/made/en/print","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u4-learner-0009","exams":["BW"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","lesson":"learner-and-novice-rules","stem":"When may you carry a passenger while driving a tractor or work vehicle on a learner permit?","options":["Whenever the passenger is over 18","Only when the vehicle can carry one and the passenger is a qualified person","Whenever a passenger seat is fitted, regardless of the passenger","Never, even when the vehicle is built to carry a passenger"],"correct":1,"explanation":"Regulation 17(6)(b)(v) of the Road Traffic (Licensing of Drivers) Regulations 2006 requires both a vehicle built or adapted for a passenger and a qualified person as that passenger.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Licensing of Drivers) Regulations 2006 (S.I. No. 537 of 2006)","provision":"Regulation 17(6)(b)(v)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2006/si/537/made/en/print","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u4-learner-0010","exams":["BW"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","lesson":"learner-and-novice-rules","stem":"You are a car learner and a qualified person is beside you. May you tow a small trailer?","options":["Yes, if the trailer is lightly loaded","Yes, but only on a local road","No, a car learner must not tow a trailer","Yes, because a qualified person is present"],"correct":2,"explanation":"Regulation 17(6)(b)(vi) of the Road Traffic (Licensing of Drivers) Regulations 2006 prohibits a car learner from towing a trailer, even when accompanied.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Licensing of Drivers) Regulations 2006 (S.I. No. 537 of 2006)","provision":"Regulation 17(6)(b)(vi)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2006/si/537/made/en/print","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u4-learner-0011","exams":["BW"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","lesson":"learner-and-novice-rules","stem":"What is the legal result when you break a condition attached to your learner permit?","options":["It matters only if you later fail the driving test","It is treated as advice unless repeated","It becomes an offence only after a warning","It is an offence"],"correct":3,"explanation":"Regulation 17(6)(d) of the Road Traffic (Licensing of Drivers) Regulations 2006, inserted in 2007, makes a breach of a learner permit condition an offence.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Licensing of Learner Drivers) Regulations 2007 (S.I. No. 719 of 2007)","provision":"Regulation 2(b)(iii), inserting Regulation 17(6)(d) of S.I. No. 537 of 2006","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2007/si/719/made/en/print","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u4-learner-0012","exams":["BW"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","lesson":"learner-and-novice-rules","stem":"You are a car learner with a qualified person beside you. May you drive on a motorway?","options":["No, a learner may not drive on a motorway","Yes, when a qualified person is beside you","Yes, after completing EDT","Yes, outside busy hours"],"correct":0,"explanation":"Article 7(2)(a) of the Roads Regulations 1994 allows motorway use only when the vehicle is driven by a driving licence holder, so accompaniment does not permit a learner to use it.","source":{"instrument":"Roads Regulations 1994 (S.I. No. 119 of 1994)","provision":"Article 7(2)(a)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/1994/si/119/made/en/print","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u4-learner-0013","exams":["BW"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","lesson":"learner-and-novice-rules","stem":"Why are you barred from driving on a motorway while you hold a learner permit?","options":["Motorways are barred only until you complete EDT","A motorway vehicle must be driven by a driving licence holder","A learner may use only the motorway hard shoulder","Motorways are barred only during busy periods"],"correct":1,"explanation":"Article 7(2)(a) of the Roads Regulations 1994 restricts motorway use to a vehicle driven by someone holding a driving licence, which excludes a learner permit holder.","source":{"instrument":"Roads Regulations 1994 (S.I. No. 119 of 1994)","provision":"Article 7(2)(a)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/1994/si/119/made/en/print","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u4-learner-0015","exams":["BW"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","lesson":"learner-and-novice-rules","stem":"A vehicle owner lends a car to someone who has no licence or permit covering it. Who commits an offence?","options":["Only the person who drives the car","The owner only if a collision occurs","The owner only if travelling in the car","The owner as well as the unlicensed driver"],"correct":3,"explanation":"Section 35A of the Road Traffic Act 1961, inserted by section 5 of the Road Traffic (Amendment) Act 2018, makes the owner liable for allowing an unlicensed person to drive.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Amendment) Act 2018 (No. 18 of 2018)","provision":"Section 5(a), inserting section 35A of the Road Traffic Act 1961","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2018/act/18/section/5/enacted/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u4-learner-0016","exams":["BW"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","lesson":"learner-and-novice-rules","stem":"An owner lets a car learner who must be accompanied drive away alone. Is the owner liable?","options":["Yes, the owner commits an offence by allowing it","No, only the learner can commit an offence","Only if the owner is inside the car","Only if the learner causes a collision"],"correct":0,"explanation":"Section 35A of the Road Traffic Act 1961, inserted by section 5 of the Road Traffic (Amendment) Act 2018, makes an owner liable for letting a learner drive unaccompanied when accompaniment is required.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Amendment) Act 2018 (No. 18 of 2018)","provision":"Section 5(a), inserting section 35A of the Road Traffic Act 1961","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2018/act/18/section/5/enacted/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u4-learner-0017","exams":["BW"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","lesson":"learner-and-novice-rules","stem":"You are stopped while driving a car alone when your learner permit requires accompaniment. What may Gardaí do with the vehicle?","options":["Detain it only after a court order","Detain the vehicle","Detain it only after a second offence","Never detain it for this breach"],"correct":1,"explanation":"Section 41(1)(a)(iv) of the Road Traffic Act 1994, inserted by section 4 of the Road Traffic (Amendment) Act 2018, allows Gardaí to detain a vehicle driven by an unaccompanied learner.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Amendment) Act 2018 (No. 18 of 2018)","provision":"Section 4, inserting section 41(1)(a)(iv) of the Road Traffic Act 1994","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2018/act/18/section/4/enacted/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u4-learner-0018","exams":["BW"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","lesson":"learner-and-novice-rules","stem":"You hold your first car learner permit. What does the law require before you take the car driving test?","options":["Lessons of any kind, with EDT optional","EDT completed after the driving test","Completion of Essential Driver Training","Only private driving experience"],"correct":2,"explanation":"Regulations 2 and 3(1) of the Road Traffic (Courses of Instruction) (Learner Permit Holders) Regulations 2011 make Essential Driver Training compulsory for a first car learner permit holder.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Courses of Instruction) (Learner Permit Holders) Regulations 2011 (S.I. No. 173 of 2011)","provision":"Regulations 2 and 3(1)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2011/si/173/made/en/print","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u4-learner-0019","exams":["BW"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","lesson":"learner-and-novice-rules","stem":"Your first car driving test is approaching. What must your EDT logbook show before you may sit it?","options":["Only the first lesson recorded","A note that lessons will continue after the test","Private driving hours without instructor stamps","The required EDT completed and stamped"],"correct":3,"explanation":"Regulation 3(1) of the Road Traffic (Courses of Instruction) (Learner Permit Holders) Regulations 2011 requires the completed and stamped EDT logbook before the car driving test.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Courses of Instruction) (Learner Permit Holders) Regulations 2011 (S.I. No. 173 of 2011)","provision":"Regulations 2 and 3(1)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2011/si/173/made/en/print","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u4-learner-0020","exams":["BW"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","lesson":"learner-and-novice-rules","stem":"How many lessons make up Essential Driver Training for a car learner?","options":["12 lessons","6 lessons","10 lessons","20 lessons"],"correct":0,"explanation":"Regulation 4 of the Road Traffic (Courses of Instruction) (Learner Permit Holders) Regulations 2011 sets Essential Driver Training at 12 lessons.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Courses of Instruction) (Learner Permit Holders) Regulations 2011 (S.I. No. 173 of 2011)","provision":"Regulation 4, paragraphs (1) to (3) as substituted by S.I. No. 9 of 2019","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2011/si/173/made/en/print","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u4-learner-0021","exams":["BW"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","lesson":"learner-and-novice-rules","stem":"What timing and order rule applies to Essential Driver Training lessons?","options":["Each lasts 30 minutes and any lesson may come first","Each lasts at least one hour and lesson 1 comes first","Each lasts two hours and lesson 12 comes first","Lesson length is unrestricted and the order never matters"],"correct":1,"explanation":"Regulation 4 of the Road Traffic (Courses of Instruction) (Learner Permit Holders) Regulations 2011 requires lesson 1 to be taken first, and requires each lesson to last at least one hour.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Courses of Instruction) (Learner Permit Holders) Regulations 2011 (S.I. No. 173 of 2011)","provision":"Regulation 4, paragraphs (1) to (3) as substituted by S.I. No. 9 of 2019, and paragraph (4)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2011/si/173/made/en/print","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u4-learner-0022","exams":["BW"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","lesson":"learner-and-novice-rules","stem":"You have held a car licence for at least 2 years in a country whose licences cannot be exchanged in Ireland. How many EDT lessons remain?","options":["All 12 lessons remain","Only 3 lessons remain","6 lessons remain","No lessons remain"],"correct":2,"explanation":"Regulation 4(3B) of the Road Traffic (Courses of Instruction) (Learner Permit Holders) Regulations 2011 allows six specified lessons to be skipped, leaving 6 lessons.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Courses of Instruction) (Learner Permit Holders) (Amendment) Regulations 2019 (S.I. No. 9 of 2019)","provision":"Regulation 2(c), inserting Regulation 4(3B) of S.I. No. 173 of 2011","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2019/si/9/made/en/print","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u4-dated-0001","exams":["BW","AM"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","lesson":"learner-and-novice-rules","stem":"From 1 November 2026, how long will a learner permit run?","options":["For 2 years, plus any unexpired time on the previous permit","For 1 year with no time carried over","For 2 years with no carry-over in any case","For 4 years from the application date"],"correct":0,"explanation":"From 1 November 2026, regulation 17(2) of the Road Traffic (Licensing of Drivers) Regulations 2006 gives 2 years plus any period still left on the earlier permit.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Licensing of Drivers) (Amendment) (No. 2) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 527 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 2(a)(i), new Regulation 17(2) of S.I. No. 537 of 2006, in operation 1 November 2026","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/527/made/en/print","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u4-dated-0002","exams":["BW","AM"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","lesson":"learner-and-novice-rules","stem":"From 1 November 2026, you have held learner permits for your car, motorcycle or moped category for more than 4 years. What condition applies when you seek another permit?","options":["A booked driving test is enough","You must have sat a driving test in that category during the previous 2 years","A medical letter replaces the driving test condition","Another permit is granted automatically"],"correct":1,"explanation":"From 1 November 2026, regulation 19(1)(a) of the Road Traffic (Licensing of Drivers) Regulations 2006 requires a test in that category to have been sat within the previous 2 years.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Licensing of Drivers) (Amendment) (No. 2) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 527 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 2(b), new Regulation 19(1)(a) of S.I. No. 537 of 2006, in operation 1 November 2026","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/527/made/en/print","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u4-dated-0003","exams":["BW","AM"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","lesson":"learner-and-novice-rules","stem":"From 1 November 2026, will proof that you booked a driving test secure a one year permit in the car, tractor, moped or motorcycle categories?","options":["Yes, whenever a booking reference is shown","Yes, on two successive applications","No, you must have sat the driving test","Yes, if the test is within 3 months"],"correct":2,"explanation":"From 1 November 2026, regulation 19(1)(b) of the Road Traffic (Licensing of Drivers) Regulations 2006 removes a booked test as a route to that permit, so the test must have been sat.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Licensing of Drivers) (Amendment) (No. 2) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 527 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 2(b), new Regulation 19(1)(b) of S.I. No. 537 of 2006, in operation 1 November 2026","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/527/made/en/print","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u4-dated-0004","exams":["BW"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","lesson":"learner-and-novice-rules","stem":"From 1 November 2026, your car learner permits total 5 or 6 years when the current permit expires, and you meet the test condition. What permit can you get next?","options":["A permit lasting 2 years","A permanent learner permit","No further permit in any circumstances","A permit lasting one year only"],"correct":3,"explanation":"From 1 November 2026, regulation 19(1)(c) of the Road Traffic (Licensing of Drivers) Regulations 2006 provides a one year permit at the 5 or 6 year stage when the test condition is met.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Licensing of Drivers) (Amendment) (No. 2) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 527 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 2(b), new Regulation 19(1)(c) of S.I. No. 537 of 2006, in operation 1 November 2026","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/527/made/en/print","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u4-dated-0005","exams":["BW"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","lesson":"learner-and-novice-rules","stem":"From 1 November 2026, your car learner permits total 7 years when the current one expires. How is your next application treated?","options":["As an application for a first learner permit","As an application for a final 2 year permit","As an automatic one year renewal","As a permanent refusal of any permit"],"correct":0,"explanation":"From 1 November 2026, regulation 19(1)(d) of the Road Traffic (Licensing of Drivers) Regulations 2006 treats an application after 7 years or more as a first learner permit application.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Licensing of Drivers) (Amendment) (No. 2) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 527 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 2(b), new Regulation 19(1)(d) of S.I. No. 537 of 2006, in operation 1 November 2026","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/527/made/en/print","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u4-dated-0007","exams":["BW"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","lesson":"learner-and-novice-rules","stem":"From 1 November 2026, you apply for a car learner permit after holding none in that category for more than 2 years. How is the application treated?","options":["As a simple renewal of the old permit","As a continuation after a 5 year gap","As a first learner permit application","As an application barred for one year"],"correct":2,"explanation":"From 1 November 2026, regulation 19(3) of the Road Traffic (Licensing of Drivers) Regulations 2006 treats an application after more than 2 years without that category of permit as a first application.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Licensing of Drivers) (Amendment) (No. 2) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 527 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 2(b), new Regulation 19(3) of S.I. No. 537 of 2006, in operation 1 November 2026","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/527/made/en/print","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u4-dated-0009","exams":["BW"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","lesson":"learner-and-novice-rules","stem":"From 1 November 2026, you hold a first-time learner permit for a car or tractor. How long must you hold it before applying for a driving test?","options":["6 months","3 months","9 months","12 months"],"correct":0,"explanation":"From 1 November 2026, regulation 27A of the Road Traffic (Licensing of Drivers) Regulations 2006 requires a first-time car or tractor permit holder to wait 6 months before applying for the test.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Licensing of Drivers) (Amendment) (No. 2) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 527 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 2(d), new Regulation 27A of S.I. No. 537 of 2006, in operation 1 November 2026","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/527/made/en/print","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u4-novice-0001","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","lesson":"learner-and-novice-rules","stem":"When does your 2 year novice period begin?","options":["When your first learner permit is issued","On the day you pass the driving test","When your first full driving licence is issued","When you first display N plates"],"correct":2,"explanation":"Section 3(1) of the Road Traffic Act 2014 starts the 2 year novice period when the first full driving licence is issued, not when the driving test is passed.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic Act 2014 (No. 3 of 2014)","provision":"Section 3(1) and (2)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2014/act/3/section/3/enacted/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u4-novice-0002","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","lesson":"learner-and-novice-rules","stem":"You are disqualified for part of your 2 year novice period. How does that time affect the novice period?","options":["It counts normally and the end date stays unchanged","It shortens the novice period by the same amount","It ends the novice period immediately","It does not count, so the novice period is extended"],"correct":3,"explanation":"Section 3(2) of the Road Traffic Act 2014 excludes time spent disqualified or without a licence from the 2 year novice period, which extends the period by that time.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic Act 2014 (No. 3 of 2014)","provision":"Section 3(1) and (2)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2014/act/3/section/3/enacted/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u4-novice-0003","exams":["BW"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","lesson":"learner-and-novice-rules","stem":"Where must you display N plates while driving a car as a novice?","options":["At both the front and rear of the car","At the rear of the car only, beside the registration plate","Inside the glovebox","At either end, chosen by the driver"],"correct":0,"explanation":"Section 4 of the Road Traffic Act 2014 requires a novice car driver to display N plates on both the front and rear of the vehicle.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic Act 2014 (No. 3 of 2014)","provision":"Section 4","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2014/act/3/section/4/enacted/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u4-novice-0004","exams":["BW"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","lesson":"learner-and-novice-rules","stem":"What appearance must the N plates on your novice car have?","options":["A green letter N on a white background, 15 cm high","A red letter N on a white background, at least 15 cm high","A black letter N on a yellow background, with the letter 10 cm high","A red letter N on a white background, 10 cm high"],"correct":1,"explanation":"Section 4 of the Road Traffic Act 2014 requires a red letter N on a white background, with the letter at least 15 cm high, at the front and rear.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic Act 2014 (No. 3 of 2014)","provision":"Section 4","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2014/act/3/section/4/enacted/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u4-novice-0006","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","lesson":"learner-and-novice-rules","stem":"You are still in the 2 years after receiving your first full driving licence and display N plates. What blood alcohol limit applies?","options":["50 mg per 100 ml of blood","80 mg per 100 ml of blood","No measurable alcohol at all","20 mg per 100 ml of blood"],"correct":3,"explanation":"Section 4(2)(b), (3)(b) and (4)(b) of the Road Traffic Act 2010 sets the specified-person blood alcohol limit at 20 mg per 100 ml throughout the novice period.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic Act 2010 (No. 25 of 2010)","provision":"Section 4(2)(b), (3)(b) and (4)(b)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2010/act/25/section/4/enacted/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u4-points-0001","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","lesson":"penalty-points","stem":"How do penalty points normally differ when you pay a fixed charge instead of being convicted in court?","options":["The fixed charge gives the lower points and conviction gives the higher points","Both outcomes always give the same points","Paying the fixed charge means no points","A court conviction always gives exactly twice the points listed for paying the fixed charge"],"correct":0,"explanation":"Section 2(1) and (2) of the Road Traffic Act 2002 provides for the lower listed points when a fixed charge is paid and the higher listed points after a court conviction.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic Act 2002 (No. 12 of 2002)","provision":"Section 2(1) and (2)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2002/act/12/section/2/enacted/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u4-points-0002","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","lesson":"penalty-points","stem":"How long do penalty points remain on your licence record?","options":["1 year","3 years","2 years","5 years"],"correct":1,"explanation":"Section 4 of the Road Traffic Act 2002 provides that penalty points remain on the licence record for a period of 3 years.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic Act 2002 (No. 12 of 2002)","provision":"Section 4","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2002/act/12/section/4/enacted/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u4-points-0003","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","lesson":"penalty-points","stem":"Penalty points were added to your record and you have received none since. When do those points come off the record?","options":["After 1 year from the offence","When the driving licence next expires","After 3 years from when they went on","Only after a court application"],"correct":2,"explanation":"Section 4 of the Road Traffic Act 2002 keeps penalty points on the licence record for 3 years, counted from the date those points take effect, and the Minister then removes them. They do not fall away when the licence is renewed and no court application is needed.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic Act 2002 (No. 12 of 2002)","provision":"Section 4","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2002/act/12/section/4/enacted/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u4-points-0004","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","lesson":"penalty-points","stem":"At what total is a fully licensed driver who is neither a learner nor a novice automatically disqualified?","options":["7 penalty points","9 penalty points","10 penalty points","12 penalty points"],"correct":3,"explanation":"Section 3(1)(a) of the Road Traffic Act 2002, as substituted by section 8 of the Road Traffic Act 2014, sets the disqualification threshold for such a driver at 12 points.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic Act 2014 (No. 3 of 2014)","provision":"Section 8(c), substituting section 3(1)(a) of the Road Traffic Act 2002","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2014/act/3/section/8/enacted/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u4-points-0005","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","lesson":"penalty-points","stem":"How long is the automatic disqualification when a fully licensed driver who is not a learner or novice reaches 12 points?","options":["6 months","3 months","9 months","12 months"],"correct":0,"explanation":"Section 3(1)(a) of the Road Traffic Act 2002, as substituted by section 8 of the Road Traffic Act 2014, sets a 6 month disqualification when this driver reaches 12 points.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic Act 2014 (No. 3 of 2014)","provision":"Section 8(c), substituting section 3(1)(a) of the Road Traffic Act 2002","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2014/act/3/section/8/enacted/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u4-points-0006","exams":["BW"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","lesson":"penalty-points","stem":"You are a car learner and your penalty points reach 7. What happens?","options":["You may continue until reaching 12 points","You are automatically disqualified","You receive a warning but keep driving","You lose the points when the permit is renewed"],"correct":1,"explanation":"Section 3(1)(b) of the Road Traffic Act 2002, as substituted by section 8 of the Road Traffic Act 2014, sets the learner disqualification threshold at 7 points.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic Act 2014 (No. 3 of 2014)","provision":"Section 8(c), substituting section 3(1)(b) of the Road Traffic Act 2002","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2014/act/3/section/8/enacted/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u4-points-0007","exams":["BW","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","lesson":"penalty-points","stem":"During the 2 years after your first full driving licence, what penalty point total causes automatic disqualification?","options":["10 penalty points","12 penalty points","7 penalty points","15 penalty points"],"correct":2,"explanation":"Section 3(1)(b) of the Road Traffic Act 2002, as substituted by section 8 of the Road Traffic Act 2014, applies the lower 7 point threshold throughout the novice period.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic Act 2014 (No. 3 of 2014)","provision":"Section 8(c), substituting section 3(1)(b) of the Road Traffic Act 2002","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2014/act/3/section/8/enacted/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u4-points-0009","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","lesson":"penalty-points","stem":"You are caught speeding and pay the fixed charge. Which penalty points apply, compared with a court conviction?","options":["3 points on a fixed charge and 5 on conviction","2 points on a fixed charge and 4 on conviction","4 points on a fixed charge and 6 on conviction","5 points on a fixed charge and 7 on conviction"],"correct":0,"explanation":"Section 10(a) of the Road Traffic Act 2014 sets the speeding values at 3 points when the fixed charge is paid and 5 points following conviction.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic Act 2014 (No. 3 of 2014)","provision":"Section 10(a), setting the points for Road Traffic Act 2002, Schedule 1, Part 1, reference 7 (exceeding a speed limit)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2014/act/3/section/10/enacted/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u4-points-0010","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","lesson":"penalty-points","stem":"A driver is caught holding a mobile phone while driving. Which penalty point values apply?","options":["2 points on a fixed charge and 4 on conviction","3 points on a fixed charge and 5 on conviction","1 point on a fixed charge and 3 on conviction","5 points on a fixed charge and 7 on conviction"],"correct":1,"explanation":"Section 10(a) of the Road Traffic Act 2014 sets the points for this mobile phone offence at 3 on payment of the fixed charge and 5 on conviction.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic Act 2014 (No. 3 of 2014)","provision":"Section 10(a), setting the points for Road Traffic Act 2002, Schedule 1, Part 1, reference 18 (driving while holding a mobile phone)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2014/act/3/section/10/enacted/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u4-points-0011","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","lesson":"penalty-points","stem":"You are convicted of using a vehicle without insurance. Which penalty point rule applies?","options":["3 points on conviction with no fixed charge option","4 points on conviction with no fixed charge option","5 points on conviction with no fixed charge option","12 points on conviction with no fixed charge option"],"correct":2,"explanation":"Schedule 1, Part 1, reference 12 of the Road Traffic Act 2002 assigns 5 points on conviction for using a vehicle without insurance and provides no fixed charge option.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic Act 2002 (No. 12 of 2002)","provision":"Schedule 1, Part 1, reference 12 (using a vehicle without insurance)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2002/act/12/schedule/1/enacted/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u4-points-0012","exams":["BW"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","lesson":"penalty-points","stem":"A car is used without a current NCT certificate. Which penalty point values apply?","options":["2 points on a fixed charge and 4 on conviction","5 points on a fixed charge and 7 on conviction","No points on a fixed charge and no points on conviction","3 points on a fixed charge and 5 on conviction"],"correct":3,"explanation":"Section 10(a)(i) of the Road Traffic Act 2014 sets the points for using a vehicle without a test certificate at 3 on a fixed charge and 5 on conviction.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic Act 2014 (No. 3 of 2014)","provision":"Section 10(a)(i), inserting the fixed charge points for Road Traffic Act 2002, Schedule 1, Part 1, reference 2 (using a vehicle without a test certificate)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2014/act/3/section/10/enacted/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u4-points-0013","exams":["BW"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","lesson":"penalty-points","stem":"A car learner is caught driving without the qualified person required beside them. Which penalty points apply?","options":["2 points on a fixed charge and 4 on conviction","3 points on a fixed charge and 5 on conviction","1 point on a fixed charge and 2 on conviction","5 points on a fixed charge and 7 on conviction"],"correct":0,"explanation":"Section 10(d) of the Road Traffic Act 2014 sets the points for driving unaccompanied in breach of a learner permit condition at 2 on a fixed charge and 4 on conviction.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic Act 2014 (No. 3 of 2014)","provision":"Section 10(d), substituting Road Traffic Act 2002, Schedule 1, Part 5, references 1 and 2 (learner permit offences)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2014/act/3/section/10/enacted/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u4-points-0015","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","lesson":"penalty-points","stem":"A novice driver fails to display the required N plate or tabard. Which penalty points apply?","options":["3 points on a fixed charge and 5 on conviction","No points on a fixed charge and no points on conviction","2 points on a fixed charge and 4 on conviction","7 points on a fixed charge and 12 on conviction"],"correct":2,"explanation":"Section 10(b) of the Road Traffic Act 2014 sets the points for failing to display an N plate or tabard at 2 on payment of a fixed charge and 4 on conviction.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic Act 2014 (No. 3 of 2014)","provision":"Section 10(b), inserting Road Traffic Act 2002, Schedule 1, Part 1A, reference 1 (failure to display N plate or tabard)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2014/act/3/section/10/enacted/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u4-points-0016","exams":["BW","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","lesson":"penalty-points","stem":"A driver is found not wearing a seat belt. Which penalty point values apply?","options":["2 points on a fixed charge and 4 on conviction","1 point on a fixed charge and 3 on conviction","No points on a fixed charge and no points on conviction","3 points on a fixed charge and 5 on conviction"],"correct":3,"explanation":"Section 10(f) of the Road Traffic Act 2014 sets the safety belt offence at 3 points when the fixed charge is paid and 5 points following conviction.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic Act 2014 (No. 3 of 2014)","provision":"Section 10(f), setting the points for Road Traffic Act 2002, Schedule 1, Part 7, references 1 to 6 (safety belts and child restraints)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2014/act/3/section/10/enacted/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u4-points-0017","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","lesson":"penalty-points","stem":"A vehicle is used with defective or worn tyres. Which penalty point values apply?","options":["2 points on a fixed charge and 4 on conviction","3 points on a fixed charge and 5 on conviction","5 points on a fixed charge and 7 on conviction","No points on a fixed charge and no points on conviction"],"correct":0,"explanation":"Section 54(d) of the Road Traffic Act 2010 sets the defective or worn tyre offence at 2 points on payment of a fixed charge and 4 points on conviction.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic Act 2010 (No. 25 of 2010)","provision":"Section 54(d), inserting Road Traffic Act 2002, Schedule 1, Part 9, reference 3 (defective or worn tyres)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2010/act/25/section/54/enacted/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u4-roadworthy-0001","exams":["BW"],"topic":"safe-driving-behaviour","stem":"Your car is taxed and insured, but its NCT certificate has expired. May you use it in a public place?","options":["Yes, for one month after expiry","No, a current NCT certificate is required","Yes, whenever the car appears roadworthy","Yes, for any journey to a test centre"],"correct":1,"explanation":"Section 18(1) and (2) of the Road Traffic Act 1961 prohibits use in a public place of a car that is due an NCT but lacks a current test certificate.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic Act 1961 (No. 24 of 1961)","provision":"Section 18(1) and (2)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/1961/act/24/section/18/enacted/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u4-roadworthy-0002","exams":["BW"],"topic":"safe-driving-behaviour","stem":"When does a car's first NCT normally fall due?","options":["3 years after first registration","5 years after first registration","4 years after first registration","One year after first registration"],"correct":2,"explanation":"Regulation 3 of the Road Traffic (National Car Test) Regulations 2017 makes the first NCT due 4 years after the car's first registration.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (National Car Test) Regulations 2017 (S.I. No. 415 of 2017)","provision":"Regulation 3(1)(c) and (2)(a)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2017/si/415/made/en/print","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u4-roadworthy-0003","exams":["BW"],"topic":"safe-driving-behaviour","stem":"After its first NCT, what is the normal testing pattern for a car through 30 years of age?","options":["Every year from its first test onward","Every 3 years until age 12, then every year","Every 2 years from first registration throughout the whole life of the car","Every 2 years up to 10 years, then every year from 10 to 30 years"],"correct":3,"explanation":"Regulation 3 of the Road Traffic (National Car Test) Regulations 2017 sets tests every 2 years up to 10 years of age and yearly from 10 to 30 years.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (National Car Test) Regulations 2017 (S.I. No. 415 of 2017)","provision":"Regulation 3(1)(c) and (2)(a)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2017/si/415/made/en/print","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u4-roadworthy-0004","exams":["BW"],"topic":"safe-driving-behaviour","stem":"What is the minimum tread depth in the main grooves of a car tyre?","options":["1.6 mm","1 mm across the full tread","2 mm in the outer grooves","3 mm at one measured point"],"correct":0,"explanation":"Regulation 55(1)(f) of the Road Traffic (Construction and Use of Vehicles) Regulations 2003 requires at least 1.6 mm in a car tyre's main grooves.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Construction and Use of Vehicles) Regulations 2003 (S.I. No. 5 of 2003)","provision":"Regulation 55(1)(f) and (g)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2003/si/5/made/en/print","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u4-roadworthy-0005","exams":["BW"],"topic":"safe-driving-behaviour","stem":"Where must a car tyre have the required 1.6 mm tread depth?","options":["At one measured point anywhere on the tyre, regardless of the rest of the tread","In a continuous band all round, across the central three quarters of the tread","Only on the outer edge of the tread","Across one quarter of the tread at the front"],"correct":1,"explanation":"Regulation 55(1)(f) of the Road Traffic (Construction and Use of Vehicles) Regulations 2003 requires the 1.6 mm depth continuously around the tyre across the central three quarters of its tread width.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Construction and Use of Vehicles) Regulations 2003 (S.I. No. 5 of 2003)","provision":"Regulation 55(1)(f) and (g)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2003/si/5/made/en/print","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u4-roadworthy-0007","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"safe-driving-behaviour","stem":"Which tyre condition is enough on its own to make the tyre illegal?","options":["A clean tread with the correct pressure","A mark that does not reach the tyre ply","A shallow surface scratch with no exposed cord and no damage beneath it","A bulge, tear, exposed cord, or qualifying cut that reaches the ply"],"correct":3,"explanation":"Regulation 55(1)(a) to (e) and (h) of the Road Traffic (Construction and Use of Vehicles) Regulations 2003 makes any listed defect sufficient, including a bulge, tear, exposed ply or cord, or a cut reaching the ply that exceeds 25 mm or 10 per cent of section width.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Construction and Use of Vehicles) Regulations 2003 (S.I. No. 5 of 2003)","provision":"Regulation 55(1)(a) to (e) and (h)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2003/si/5/made/en/print","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u5-drink-0001","exams":["BW","AM"],"topic":"risk-perception","lesson":"drink-and-drug-driving","stem":"A driver has held a full car licence for 8 years. What blood alcohol limit applies?","options":["50 mg per 100 ml of blood","20 mg per 100 ml of blood","67 mg per 100 ml of blood","80 mg per 100 ml of blood"],"correct":0,"explanation":"Road Traffic Act 2010, section 4 sets 50 mg per 100 ml of blood for a driver who is not a specified person.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic Act 2010 (No. 25 of 2010)","provision":"Section 4(2)(a), (3)(a) and (4)(a)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2010/act/25/section/4/enacted/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u5-drink-0002","exams":["BW","AM"],"topic":"risk-perception","lesson":"drink-and-drug-driving","stem":"What urine alcohol limit applies to a car driver who has held a full licence for many years?","options":["27 mg per 100 ml of urine","67 mg per 100 ml of urine","50 mg per 100 ml of urine","80 mg per 100 ml of urine"],"correct":1,"explanation":"Road Traffic Act 2010, section 4 sets the urine limit at 67 mg per 100 ml for a driver who is not a specified person.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic Act 2010 (No. 25 of 2010)","provision":"Section 4(2)(a), (3)(a) and (4)(a)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2010/act/25/section/4/enacted/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u5-drink-0003","exams":["BW","AM"],"topic":"risk-perception","lesson":"drink-and-drug-driving","stem":"What breath alcohol limit applies to an experienced driver who is not a specified person?","options":["9 microgrammes per 100 ml of breath","50 microgrammes per 100 ml of breath","22 microgrammes per 100 ml of breath","67 microgrammes per 100 ml of breath"],"correct":2,"explanation":"Road Traffic Act 2010, section 4 sets the applicable breath limit at 22 microgrammes per 100 ml of breath.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic Act 2010 (No. 25 of 2010)","provision":"Section 4(2)(a), (3)(a) and (4)(a)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2010/act/25/section/4/enacted/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u5-drink-0004","exams":["BW","AM"],"topic":"risk-perception","lesson":"drink-and-drug-driving","stem":"A rider has held a full motorcycle licence for 7 years. What blood alcohol limit applies while riding?","options":["20 mg per 100 ml of blood","67 mg per 100 ml of blood","80 mg per 100 ml of blood","50 mg per 100 ml of blood"],"correct":3,"explanation":"Road Traffic Act 2010, section 4 applies the 50 mg blood limit because a long-term motorcycle licence holder is not treated differently.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic Act 2010 (No. 25 of 2010)","provision":"Section 4(2)(a), (3)(a) and (4)(a)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2010/act/25/section/4/enacted/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u5-drink-0005","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"risk-perception","lesson":"drink-and-drug-driving","stem":"When can an alcohol concentration be used for the drink driving limits after a person drove?","options":["When it is found within 3 hours after driving","Only when it is found while the vehicle is moving","Only when it is found within 30 minutes after driving","Whenever it is found on the following day"],"correct":0,"explanation":"Road Traffic Act 2010, section 4 provides that the concentration counts when it is found within 3 hours after driving.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic Act 2010 (No. 25 of 2010)","provision":"Section 4(2)(a), (3)(a) and (4)(a)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2010/act/25/section/4/enacted/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u5-drink-0006","exams":["BW","AM"],"topic":"risk-perception","lesson":"drink-and-drug-driving","stem":"What blood alcohol limit applies to a learner permit holder driving a car?","options":["No measurable alcohol at all","20 mg per 100 ml of blood","50 mg per 100 ml of blood","67 mg per 100 ml of blood"],"correct":1,"explanation":"Road Traffic Act 2010, section 4 sets a 20 mg per 100 ml blood limit for a learner permit holder as a specified person.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic Act 2010 (No. 25 of 2010)","provision":"Section 4(2)(b), (3)(b) and (4)(b)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2010/act/25/section/4/enacted/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u5-drink-0007","exams":["BW","AM"],"topic":"risk-perception","lesson":"drink-and-drug-driving","stem":"A driver received a first full car licence 18 months ago. What blood alcohol limit applies?","options":["50 mg per 100 ml of blood","27 mg per 100 ml of blood","20 mg per 100 ml of blood","80 mg per 100 ml of blood"],"correct":2,"explanation":"Road Traffic Act 2010, section 4 applies the 20 mg blood limit during the first 2 years after a first driving licence is issued.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic Act 2010 (No. 25 of 2010)","provision":"Section 4(2)(b), (3)(b) and (4)(b)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2010/act/25/section/4/enacted/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u5-drink-0008","exams":["BW","AM"],"topic":"risk-perception","lesson":"drink-and-drug-driving","stem":"A moped rider holds a learner permit for that moped. What blood alcohol limit applies?","options":["50 mg per 100 ml of blood","67 mg per 100 ml of blood","No set limit unless riding is affected","20 mg per 100 ml of blood"],"correct":3,"explanation":"Road Traffic Act 2010, section 4 sets the specified-person blood limit at 20 mg per 100 ml for a learner permit holder.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic Act 2010 (No. 25 of 2010)","provision":"Section 4(2)(b), (3)(b) and (4)(b)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2010/act/25/section/4/enacted/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u5-drink-0009","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"risk-perception","lesson":"drink-and-drug-driving","stem":"What urine alcohol limit applies to a specified person?","options":["27 mg per 100 ml of urine","20 mg per 100 ml of urine","50 mg per 100 ml of urine","67 mg per 100 ml of urine"],"correct":0,"explanation":"Road Traffic Act 2010, section 4 sets the specified-person urine limit at 27 mg per 100 ml of urine.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic Act 2010 (No. 25 of 2010)","provision":"Section 4(2)(b), (3)(b) and (4)(b)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2010/act/25/section/4/enacted/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u5-drink-0010","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"risk-perception","lesson":"drink-and-drug-driving","stem":"What breath alcohol limit applies to a specified person?","options":["22 microgrammes per 100 ml of breath","9 microgrammes per 100 ml of breath","27 microgrammes per 100 ml of breath","50 microgrammes per 100 ml of breath"],"correct":1,"explanation":"Road Traffic Act 2010, section 4 sets the specified-person breath limit at 9 microgrammes per 100 ml of breath.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic Act 2010 (No. 25 of 2010)","provision":"Section 4(2)(b), (3)(b) and (4)(b)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2010/act/25/section/4/enacted/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u5-drink-0011","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"risk-perception","lesson":"drink-and-drug-driving","stem":"Does Irish law set a zero blood alcohol limit for learner and newly licensed drivers?","options":["Yes, any trace of alcohol breaks the limit","Yes, but only for learner permit holders","No, it sets 20 mg per 100 ml of blood","No, it sets 50 mg per 100 ml of blood"],"correct":2,"explanation":"Road Traffic Act 2010, section 4 sets a lower limit of 20 mg per 100 ml of blood for specified persons, rather than zero.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic Act 2010 (No. 25 of 2010)","provision":"Section 4(2)(b), (3)(b) and (4)(b)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2010/act/25/section/4/enacted/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u5-drink-0012","exams":["BW","AM"],"topic":"risk-perception","lesson":"drink-and-drug-driving","stem":"A learner and a driver who has held a full car licence for 10 years use the same car on different days. Which blood limits apply?","options":["50 mg to the learner and 20 mg to the experienced driver","20 mg to both drivers","50 mg to both drivers","20 mg to the learner and 50 mg to the experienced driver"],"correct":3,"explanation":"Road Traffic Act 2010, section 4 sets 20 mg for the learner as a specified person and 50 mg for the experienced driver.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic Act 2010 (No. 25 of 2010)","provision":"Section 4(2)(b), (3)(b) and (4)(b)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2010/act/25/section/4/enacted/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u5-drink-0013","exams":["BW","AM"],"topic":"risk-perception","lesson":"drink-and-drug-driving","stem":"A learner permit holder is driving a car covered by the permit. How does the law classify this driver for drink limits?","options":["As a specified person","As an experienced driver","As a supervising passenger","As a driver without a set limit"],"correct":0,"explanation":"Road Traffic Act 2010, section 3 defines a learner permit holder driving the covered category as a specified person.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic Act 2010 (No. 25 of 2010), as amended by the Road Traffic (No. 2) Act 2011 (No. 28 of 2011)","provision":"Section 3(1), definition of specified person","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2011/act/28/section/9/enacted/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u5-drink-0014","exams":["BW","AM"],"topic":"risk-perception","lesson":"drink-and-drug-driving","stem":"A category W licence holder is driving a tractor. Is this driver a specified person for drink limits?","options":["No, because tractors are exempt","Yes, while driving that vehicle category","No, unless the driver has penalty points","Yes, but only on a motorway"],"correct":1,"explanation":"Road Traffic Act 2010, section 3 treats a category W licence holder as a specified person while driving that category.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic Act 2010 (No. 25 of 2010), as amended by the Road Traffic (No. 2) Act 2011 (No. 28 of 2011)","provision":"Section 3(1), definition of specified person","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2011/act/28/section/9/enacted/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u5-drink-0015","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"risk-perception","lesson":"drink-and-drug-driving","stem":"A category D licence holder is driving a bus. Which drink-limit group applies?","options":["The group for any full licence held for years","The group for drivers over 70 only","The specified-person group","The group for supervising passengers"],"correct":2,"explanation":"Road Traffic Act 2010, section 3 places a category D licence holder in the specified-person group while driving a bus.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic Act 2010 (No. 25 of 2010), as amended by the Road Traffic (No. 2) Act 2011 (No. 28 of 2011)","provision":"Section 3(1), definition of specified person","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2011/act/28/section/9/enacted/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u5-drink-0016","exams":["BW","AM"],"topic":"risk-perception","lesson":"drink-and-drug-driving","stem":"A taxi driver is carrying a paying passenger. Is the driver a specified person for drink limits?","options":["No, because the passenger is paying","Only if the taxi driver has penalty points","Only during the first year of taxi work","Yes, while working as a taxi driver"],"correct":3,"explanation":"Road Traffic Act 2010, section 3 includes a taxi driver while working in the definition of a specified person.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic Act 2010 (No. 25 of 2010), as amended by the Road Traffic (No. 2) Act 2011 (No. 28 of 2011) and the Taxi Regulation Act 2013 (No. 37 of 2013)","provision":"Section 3(1), definition of specified person","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2011/act/28/section/9/enacted/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u5-drink-0017","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"risk-perception","lesson":"drink-and-drug-driving","stem":"A person drives a vehicle without holding a licence for that vehicle. Which drink-limit group applies?","options":["The specified-person group","The experienced-driver group","No drink limit applies","The passenger limit applies"],"correct":0,"explanation":"Road Traffic Act 2010, section 3 defines a person driving without a licence for that vehicle as a specified person.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic Act 2010 (No. 25 of 2010), as amended by the Road Traffic (No. 2) Act 2011 (No. 28 of 2011)","provision":"Section 3(1), definition of specified person","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2011/act/28/section/9/enacted/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u5-drink-0018","exams":["BW","AM"],"topic":"risk-perception","lesson":"drink-and-drug-driving","stem":"A car driver's first full licence was issued 3 years ago. Does that fact alone make the driver a specified person?","options":["Yes, for the first 5 years","No, the first-licence period is 2 years","Yes, until the driver turns 25","No, because full licence holders never qualify"],"correct":1,"explanation":"Road Traffic Act 2010, section 3 applies this part of the specified-person definition only for the first 2 years.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic Act 2010 (No. 25 of 2010), as amended by the Road Traffic (No. 2) Act 2011 (No. 28 of 2011)","provision":"Section 3(1), definition of specified person","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2011/act/28/section/9/enacted/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u5-drink-0019","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"risk-perception","lesson":"drink-and-drug-driving","stem":"A person over the alcohol limit sits in the driver's seat on a public street, holds the keys and plans to drive home. Has an offence already occurred?","options":["No, because the car has not moved","No, unless the engine is running","Yes, being in charge with intent to drive is enough","Yes, but only after entering a motorway"],"correct":2,"explanation":"Road Traffic Act 2010, section 5 makes being in charge in a public place with intent to drive an offence when over the limit.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic Act 2010 (No. 25 of 2010)","provision":"Section 5","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2010/act/25/section/5/enacted/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u5-drink-0020","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"risk-perception","lesson":"drink-and-drug-driving","stem":"A driver is 1 year into a first full licence and is in charge of a car in a public place, intending to drive, with 35 mg per 100 ml of blood. What applies?","options":["No offence, because 35 mg is below 50 mg","No offence, because the vehicle is stationary","Only the experienced-driver limit applies","It is an offence under the specified-person limit"],"correct":3,"explanation":"Road Traffic Act 2010, section 5 applies the same limits when in charge with intent to drive, so the 20 mg specified-person limit applies.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic Act 2010 (No. 25 of 2010)","provision":"Section 5","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2010/act/25/section/5/enacted/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u5-drink-0021","exams":["BW","AM"],"topic":"risk-perception","lesson":"drink-and-drug-driving","stem":"Must a parked car's engine have started before the in-charge drink driving offence can apply?","options":["No, movement or starting the engine is not required","Yes, the engine must be idling","Yes, the car must travel at least 1 metre","No, but the headlights must be on"],"correct":0,"explanation":"Road Traffic Act 2010, section 5 concerns being in charge in a public place with intent to drive, so the engine need not be started.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic Act 2010 (No. 25 of 2010)","provision":"Section 5","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2010/act/25/section/5/enacted/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u5-drink-0022","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"risk-perception","lesson":"drink-and-drug-driving","stem":"What is the maximum fine a court may impose for drink or drug driving under section 4?","options":["€1,000","€5,000","€2,500","€10,000"],"correct":1,"explanation":"Road Traffic Act 2010, section 4 sets the maximum fine on conviction at €5,000.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic Act 2010 (No. 25 of 2010)","provision":"Section 4(5)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2010/act/25/section/4/enacted/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u5-drink-0023","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"risk-perception","lesson":"drink-and-drug-driving","stem":"What is the maximum prison term on conviction for drink or drug driving under section 4?","options":["3 months","12 months","6 months","2 years"],"correct":2,"explanation":"Road Traffic Act 2010, section 4 sets a maximum of 6 months in prison, and the court may also impose a fine.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic Act 2010 (No. 25 of 2010)","provision":"Section 4(5)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2010/act/25/section/4/enacted/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u5-drink-0024","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"risk-perception","lesson":"drink-and-drug-driving","stem":"A driver is 18 months into a first full licence and records 45 mg per 100 ml of blood. What fixed penalty may be offered?","options":["€400 and 6 months disqualification","€200 and 3 penalty points","€80 and 1 month disqualification","€200 and 3 months disqualification"],"correct":3,"explanation":"Road Traffic Act 2010, section 29 sets €200 and 3 months disqualification for this specified-person fixed penalty band.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic Act 2010 (No. 25 of 2010), as amended by the Road Traffic (Amendment) Act 2018 (No. 18 of 2018)","provision":"Section 29(1), (2), (7) and (8)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2018/act/18/section/2/enacted/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u5-drink-0025","exams":["BW","AM"],"topic":"risk-perception","lesson":"drink-and-drug-driving","stem":"An experienced driver records 90 mg per 100 ml of blood and is offered a fixed penalty notice. What penalty applies?","options":["€400 and 6 months disqualification","€200 and 3 months disqualification","€400 and 3 penalty points","€80 and 1 month disqualification"],"correct":0,"explanation":"Road Traffic Act 2010, section 29 sets €400 and 6 months disqualification for an experienced driver in this band.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic Act 2010 (No. 25 of 2010), as amended by the Road Traffic (Amendment) Act 2018 (No. 18 of 2018)","provision":"Section 29(1), (2), (7) and (8)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2018/act/18/section/2/enacted/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u5-drink-0026","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"risk-perception","lesson":"drink-and-drug-driving","stem":"What driving consequence does a current lower-level drink driving fixed penalty notice carry?","options":["Three penalty points only","A period of disqualification","A warning without disqualification","A theory test retake only"],"correct":1,"explanation":"Road Traffic Act 2010, section 29 provides for disqualification; penalty points were replaced for these notices in October 2018.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic Act 2010 (No. 25 of 2010), as amended by the Road Traffic (Amendment) Act 2018 (No. 18 of 2018)","provision":"Section 29(1), (2), (7) and (8)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2018/act/18/section/2/enacted/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u5-drink-0027","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"risk-perception","lesson":"drink-and-drug-driving","stem":"A driver tests below the measured alcohol limit but drink has left the driver unable to control the car properly. Is this an offence?","options":["No, because only the measured limit matters","No, unless a collision occurs","Yes, inability to control the car is enough","Yes, but only on a motorway"],"correct":2,"explanation":"Road Traffic Act 2010, section 4 makes it an offence to drive while affected by an intoxicant so that proper control is lost.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic Act 2010 (No. 25 of 2010)","provision":"Section 4(1)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2010/act/25/section/4/enacted/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u5-drink-0028","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"risk-perception","lesson":"drink-and-drug-driving","stem":"A drug leaves a driver unable to control a car properly. Can the impaired-driving offence apply?","options":["No, it applies only to alcohol","No, unless alcohol is also present","Only if the driver exceeds an alcohol limit","Yes, drugs are included as intoxicants"],"correct":3,"explanation":"Road Traffic Act 2010, section 4 covers alcohol, drugs or both when an intoxicant makes a driver unable to control the vehicle.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic Act 2010 (No. 25 of 2010)","provision":"Section 4(1)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2010/act/25/section/4/enacted/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u5-drink-0029","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"risk-perception","lesson":"drink-and-drug-driving","stem":"A driver's blood contains cannabis at or above the set level, but the driving appeared normal. Can the set-level offence apply?","options":["Yes, proof of impaired driving is not required","No, poor control must always be proved","No, unless alcohol is also present","Yes, but only after a collision"],"correct":0,"explanation":"Road Traffic Act 2010, section 4 provides a set-level drug offence that does not depend on proof that driving was impaired.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic Act 2010 (No. 25 of 2010), as amended by the Road Traffic Act 2016 (No. 21 of 2016)","provision":"Section 4(1A) and (1B)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2016/act/21/section/8/enacted/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u5-drink-0030","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"risk-perception","lesson":"drink-and-drug-driving","stem":"For which set-level drug can a medical exemption certificate provide a defence when it was taken as prescribed?","options":["Cocaine","Cannabis","Heroin","Every specified drug"],"correct":1,"explanation":"Road Traffic Act 2010, section 4 provides this certificate defence only for cannabis taken as prescribed, not cocaine or heroin.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic Act 2010 (No. 25 of 2010), as amended by the Road Traffic Act 2016 (No. 21 of 2016)","provision":"Section 4(1A) and (1B)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2016/act/21/section/8/enacted/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u5-drink-0031","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"risk-perception","lesson":"drink-and-drug-driving","stem":"When can a set drug level found in blood count for the set-level driving offence?","options":["Only while the vehicle is moving","Only within 30 minutes after driving","When found within 3 hours after driving","At any time during the following week"],"correct":2,"explanation":"Road Traffic Act 2010, section 4 provides that the set drug level counts when found within 3 hours after driving.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic Act 2010 (No. 25 of 2010), as amended by the Road Traffic Act 2016 (No. 21 of 2016)","provision":"Section 4(1A) and (1B)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2016/act/21/section/8/enacted/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u5-drink-0032","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"risk-perception","lesson":"drink-and-drug-driving","stem":"What is the set level for delta 9 THC from cannabis in whole blood?","options":["5 ng per ml","10 ng per ml","20 ng per ml","1 ng per ml"],"correct":3,"explanation":"The schedule to the Road Traffic Act 2010 sets the delta 9 THC level at 1 ng per ml of whole blood.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic Act 2010 (No. 25 of 2010), as amended by the Road Traffic Act 2016 (No. 21 of 2016)","provision":"Schedule, specified drugs and levels","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2016/act/21/section/8/enacted/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u5-drink-0033","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"risk-perception","lesson":"drink-and-drug-driving","stem":"What is the set level for cocaine in whole blood?","options":["10 ng per ml","1 ng per ml","5 ng per ml","50 ng per ml"],"correct":0,"explanation":"The schedule to the Road Traffic Act 2010 sets the cocaine level at 10 ng per ml of whole blood.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic Act 2010 (No. 25 of 2010), as amended by the Road Traffic Act 2016 (No. 21 of 2016)","provision":"Schedule, specified drugs and levels","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2016/act/21/section/8/enacted/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u5-drink-0034","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"risk-perception","lesson":"drink-and-drug-driving","stem":"After a collision in which a person is injured and needs medical help, which preliminary specimens must a Garda require from the driver?","options":["A blood specimen and a urine specimen","A breath specimen and an oral fluid specimen","A urine specimen and a hair specimen","A breath specimen only"],"correct":1,"explanation":"Road Traffic Act 2010, section 9 requires preliminary breath and oral fluid specimens after an injury collision.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic Act 2010 (No. 25 of 2010), as amended by the Road Traffic Act 2016 (No. 21 of 2016) and the Road Traffic Act 2024 (No. 10 of 2024)","provision":"Section 9(1), (2), (2A), (2C) and (3)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2016/act/21/section/10/enacted/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u5-drink-0035","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"risk-perception","lesson":"drink-and-drug-driving","stem":"A Garda is of the opinion that a driver has consumed an intoxicant. What must the Garda require?","options":["A driving lesson before continuing","A written statement from a passenger","Preliminary breath and oral fluid tests","A vehicle inspection only"],"correct":2,"explanation":"Road Traffic Act 2010, section 9 requires preliminary breath and oral fluid tests where a Garda forms that opinion.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic Act 2010 (No. 25 of 2010), as amended by the Road Traffic Act 2016 (No. 21 of 2016) and the Road Traffic Act 2024 (No. 10 of 2024)","provision":"Section 9(1), (2), (2A), (2C) and (3)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2016/act/21/section/10/enacted/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u5-drink-0036","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"risk-perception","lesson":"drink-and-drug-driving","stem":"May a driver lawfully refuse a required roadside preliminary breath test?","options":["Yes, if the journey was short","Yes, if no collision occurred","Yes, if the driver feels well","No, refusal is an offence"],"correct":3,"explanation":"Road Traffic Act 2010, section 9 makes refusal of a required roadside preliminary breath test an offence.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic Act 2010 (No. 25 of 2010), as amended by the Road Traffic Act 2016 (No. 21 of 2016) and the Road Traffic Act 2024 (No. 10 of 2024)","provision":"Section 9(1), (2), (2A), (2C) and (3)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2016/act/21/section/10/enacted/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u5-drink-0037","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"risk-perception","lesson":"drink-and-drug-driving","stem":"At an authorised testing checkpoint, can a driver who has done nothing wrong be required to give specimens?","options":["Yes, breath and oral fluid specimens may be required","No, suspicion of an offence is always needed","No, only drivers involved in a collision may be tested","Yes, but only a urine specimen may be required"],"correct":0,"explanation":"Road Traffic Act 2010, section 10 allows any vehicle to be stopped at an authorised checkpoint and its driver to be tested.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic Act 2010 (No. 25 of 2010), as amended by the Road Traffic Act 2016 (No. 21 of 2016)","provision":"Section 10(2), (3), (4), (4A) and (6)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2016/act/21/section/11/enacted/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u5-drink-0038","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"risk-perception","lesson":"drink-and-drug-driving","stem":"Who must authorise a mandatory testing checkpoint, and how?","options":["Any Garda, verbally at the roadside","A Garda of inspector rank or higher, in writing","A judge, by a court order","A local authority, by public notice"],"correct":1,"explanation":"Road Traffic Act 2010, section 10 requires written authorisation by a Garda of inspector rank or higher.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic Act 2010 (No. 25 of 2010), as amended by the Road Traffic Act 2016 (No. 21 of 2016)","provision":"Section 10(2), (3), (4), (4A) and (6)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2016/act/21/section/11/enacted/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u5-drink-0039","exams":["BW","AM"],"topic":"risk-perception","lesson":"drink-and-drug-driving","stem":"On a first drink driving conviction with 70 mg of alcohol per 100 ml of blood, what is the minimum disqualification?","options":["At least 3 months","At least 1 year","At least 6 months","At least 2 years"],"correct":2,"explanation":"Road Traffic Act 1961, section 26 sets at least 6 months disqualification for a first conviction at this blood level.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic Act 1961 (No. 24 of 1961), section 26 as substituted by the Road Traffic Act 2010 (No. 25 of 2010)","provision":"Section 26(4)(b) and Table","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2010/act/25/section/65/enacted/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u5-drink-0040","exams":["BW","AM"],"topic":"risk-perception","lesson":"drink-and-drug-driving","stem":"On a first drink driving conviction with 120 mg of alcohol per 100 ml of blood, what is the minimum disqualification?","options":["At least 6 months","At least 1 year","At least 3 years","At least 2 years"],"correct":3,"explanation":"Road Traffic Act 1961, section 26 sets at least 2 years disqualification for a first conviction at this blood level.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic Act 1961 (No. 24 of 1961), section 26 as substituted by the Road Traffic Act 2010 (No. 25 of 2010)","provision":"Section 26(4)(b) and Table","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2010/act/25/section/65/enacted/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u5-stopping-0001","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"risk-perception","lesson":"stopping-distances","stem":"Thick fog limits how far a driver can see on a national road. How should the driver choose a speed?","options":["Drive slowly enough to stop within the clear distance ahead","Keep at the posted limit until traffic slows","Use hazard lights and keep the same speed","Keep a two-second gap and ignore visibility"],"correct":0,"explanation":"Traffic and Parking Regulations 1997, Article 7 requires a speed that allows the driver to stop within the distance seen to be clear.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 (S.I. No. 182 of 1997)","provision":"Article 7","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/1997/si/182/made/en/html#article7","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u5-stopping-0002","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"risk-perception","lesson":"stopping-distances","stem":"At night on a narrow local road, a blind bend hides the road ahead. What does the 60 km/h default limit mean for the driver's speed?","options":["The driver should always travel at 60 km/h","It is a maximum, and the driver must be able to stop in the clear distance","It applies only after the blind bend","The driver may exceed it when the road is quiet"],"correct":1,"explanation":"Traffic and Parking Regulations 1997, Article 7 requires a safe stopping distance within view; the speed limit is not a target.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 (S.I. No. 182 of 1997)","provision":"Article 7","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/1997/si/182/made/en/html#article7","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u5-stopping-0003","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"risk-perception","lesson":"stopping-distances","stem":"What does Article 7 require when a driver chooses a speed?","options":["A fixed two-second following gap","The posted limit in every condition","The ability to stop within the distance visible and clear","Hazard lights whenever visibility falls"],"correct":2,"explanation":"Traffic and Parking Regulations 1997, Article 7 ties speed to the distance ahead that the driver can see to be clear.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 (S.I. No. 182 of 1997)","provision":"Article 7","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/1997/si/182/made/en/html#article7","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u5-stopping-0004","exams":["BW"],"topic":"risk-perception","lesson":"stopping-distances","stem":"According to RSA guidance, what is the total stopping distance at 120 km/h in dry conditions?","options":["70 metres","81 metres","121 metres","102 metres"],"correct":3,"explanation":"RSA guidance in the Rules of the Road gives a total dry stopping distance of 102 metres at 120 km/h.","source":{"instrument":"Rules of the Road, Road Safety Authority, Revision No. 9, May 2026 (guidance, not law)","provision":"Stopping distance at 120 km/h, PDF page 150","url":"https://www.rsa.ie/docs/default-source/road-safety/r1---rules-of-the-road/ruleoftheroad_book-for-web.pdf?sfvrsn=b5d57830_8","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"fact-restated"}},{"id":"u5-stopping-0005","exams":["BW"],"topic":"risk-perception","lesson":"stopping-distances","stem":"Under RSA guidance for dry conditions, how much does the total stopping distance increase from 100 km/h to 120 km/h?","options":["32 metres","20 metres","50 metres","70 metres"],"correct":0,"explanation":"RSA guidance in the Rules of the Road gives 70 metres at 100 km/h and 102 metres at 120 km/h, an increase of 32 metres.","source":{"instrument":"Rules of the Road, Road Safety Authority, Revision No. 9, May 2026 (guidance, not law)","provision":"Stopping distance at 120 km/h, PDF page 150","url":"https://www.rsa.ie/docs/default-source/road-safety/r1---rules-of-the-road/ruleoftheroad_book-for-web.pdf?sfvrsn=b5d57830_8","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"fact-restated"}},{"id":"u5-stopping-0006","exams":["BW"],"topic":"risk-perception","lesson":"stopping-distances","stem":"What total stopping distance does RSA guidance give for 50 km/h in dry conditions?","options":["18 metres","25 metres","36 metres","52 metres"],"correct":1,"explanation":"RSA guidance in the Rules of the Road combines 10 metres of reaction distance and 15 metres of braking distance for a 25 metre total.","source":{"instrument":"Rules of the Road, Road Safety Authority, Revision No. 9, May 2026 (guidance, not law)","provision":"Stopping distances in dry conditions, Table 5, PDF page 125","url":"https://www.rsa.ie/docs/default-source/road-safety/r1---rules-of-the-road/ruleoftheroad_book-for-web.pdf?sfvrsn=b5d57830_8","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"fact-restated"}},{"id":"u5-stopping-0007","exams":["BW"],"topic":"risk-perception","lesson":"stopping-distances","stem":"What total stopping distance does RSA guidance give for 80 km/h in dry conditions?","options":["36 metres","49 metres","52 metres","70 metres"],"correct":2,"explanation":"RSA guidance in the Rules of the Road gives 16 metres for reaction and 36 metres for braking, making 52 metres in total.","source":{"instrument":"Rules of the Road, Road Safety Authority, Revision No. 9, May 2026 (guidance, not law)","provision":"Stopping distances in dry conditions, Table 5, PDF page 125","url":"https://www.rsa.ie/docs/default-source/road-safety/r1---rules-of-the-road/ruleoftheroad_book-for-web.pdf?sfvrsn=b5d57830_8","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"fact-restated"}},{"id":"u5-stopping-0008","exams":["BW"],"topic":"risk-perception","lesson":"stopping-distances","stem":"What total stopping distance does RSA guidance give for 100 km/h in dry conditions?","options":["50 metres","52 metres","102 metres","70 metres"],"correct":3,"explanation":"RSA guidance in the Rules of the Road adds 20 metres of reaction distance to 50 metres of braking distance for a 70 metre total.","source":{"instrument":"Rules of the Road, Road Safety Authority, Revision No. 9, May 2026 (guidance, not law)","provision":"Stopping distances in dry conditions, Table 5, PDF page 125","url":"https://www.rsa.ie/docs/default-source/road-safety/r1---rules-of-the-road/ruleoftheroad_book-for-web.pdf?sfvrsn=b5d57830_8","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"fact-restated"}},{"id":"u5-stopping-0009","exams":["BW"],"topic":"risk-perception","lesson":"stopping-distances","stem":"What reaction distance does RSA guidance use at 100 km/h in dry conditions?","options":["20 metres","16 metres","24 metres","50 metres"],"correct":0,"explanation":"RSA guidance in the Rules of the Road uses a reaction distance of 20 metres at 100 km/h in dry conditions.","source":{"instrument":"Rules of the Road, Road Safety Authority, Revision No. 9, May 2026 (guidance, not law)","provision":"Stopping distances in dry conditions, Table 5, PDF page 125","url":"https://www.rsa.ie/docs/default-source/road-safety/r1---rules-of-the-road/ruleoftheroad_book-for-web.pdf?sfvrsn=b5d57830_8","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"fact-restated"}},{"id":"u5-stopping-0010","exams":["BW"],"topic":"risk-perception","lesson":"stopping-distances","stem":"What braking distance does RSA guidance give at 60 km/h in dry conditions?","options":["12 metres","21 metres","33 metres","36 metres"],"correct":1,"explanation":"RSA guidance in the Rules of the Road gives 21 metres as the braking part of the 33 metre total at 60 km/h.","source":{"instrument":"Rules of the Road, Road Safety Authority, Revision No. 9, May 2026 (guidance, not law)","provision":"Stopping distances in dry conditions, Table 5, PDF page 125","url":"https://www.rsa.ie/docs/default-source/road-safety/r1---rules-of-the-road/ruleoftheroad_book-for-web.pdf?sfvrsn=b5d57830_8","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"fact-restated"}},{"id":"u5-stopping-0011","exams":["BW"],"topic":"risk-perception","lesson":"stopping-distances","stem":"In RSA guidance, which two parts make up total stopping distance?","options":["Vehicle length and road width","Speed limit and following gap","Reaction distance and braking distance","Tyre width and engine size"],"correct":2,"explanation":"RSA guidance in the Rules of the Road adds reaction distance to braking distance, such as 6 metres plus 6 metres at 30 km/h.","source":{"instrument":"Rules of the Road, Road Safety Authority, Revision No. 9, May 2026 (guidance, not law)","provision":"Stopping distances in dry conditions, Table 5, PDF page 125","url":"https://www.rsa.ie/docs/default-source/road-safety/r1---rules-of-the-road/ruleoftheroad_book-for-web.pdf?sfvrsn=b5d57830_8","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"fact-restated"}},{"id":"u5-stopping-0012","exams":["BW"],"topic":"risk-perception","lesson":"stopping-distances","stem":"What total stopping distance does RSA guidance give for 50 km/h in wet conditions?","options":["25 metres","26 metres","49 metres","36 metres"],"correct":3,"explanation":"RSA guidance in the Rules of the Road combines 10 metres of reaction distance and 26 metres of braking distance for a 36 metre total.","source":{"instrument":"Rules of the Road, Road Safety Authority, Revision No. 9, May 2026 (guidance, not law)","provision":"Stopping distances in wet conditions, Table 6, PDF page 126","url":"https://www.rsa.ie/docs/default-source/road-safety/r1---rules-of-the-road/ruleoftheroad_book-for-web.pdf?sfvrsn=b5d57830_8","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"fact-restated"}},{"id":"u5-stopping-0013","exams":["BW"],"topic":"risk-perception","lesson":"stopping-distances","stem":"What braking distance does RSA guidance give for 100 km/h in wet conditions?","options":["101 metres","121 metres","70 metres","50 metres"],"correct":0,"explanation":"RSA guidance in the Rules of the Road gives a wet braking distance of 101 metres at 100 km/h, before reaction distance is added.","source":{"instrument":"Rules of the Road, Road Safety Authority, Revision No. 9, May 2026 (guidance, not law)","provision":"Stopping distances in wet conditions, Table 6, PDF page 126","url":"https://www.rsa.ie/docs/default-source/road-safety/r1---rules-of-the-road/ruleoftheroad_book-for-web.pdf?sfvrsn=b5d57830_8","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"fact-restated"}},{"id":"u5-stopping-0014","exams":["BW"],"topic":"risk-perception","lesson":"stopping-distances","stem":"What total stopping distance does RSA guidance give for 120 km/h in wet conditions?","options":["145 metres","169 metres","121 metres","102 metres"],"correct":1,"explanation":"RSA guidance in the Rules of the Road adds 24 metres of reaction distance and 145 metres of braking distance for a 169 metre total.","source":{"instrument":"Rules of the Road, Road Safety Authority, Revision No. 9, May 2026 (guidance, not law)","provision":"Stopping distances in wet conditions, Table 6, PDF page 126","url":"https://www.rsa.ie/docs/default-source/road-safety/r1---rules-of-the-road/ruleoftheroad_book-for-web.pdf?sfvrsn=b5d57830_8","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"fact-restated"}},{"id":"u5-stopping-0015","exams":["BW"],"topic":"risk-perception","lesson":"stopping-distances","stem":"At 80 km/h, what changes in RSA guidance when the road goes from dry to wet?","options":["Reaction distance grows and braking distance stays the same","Both distances stay the same","Braking distance grows while reaction distance stays at 16 metres","Reaction distance falls while braking distance stays the same"],"correct":2,"explanation":"RSA guidance in the Rules of the Road keeps reaction distance at 16 metres at 80 km/h while the wet braking distance increases.","source":{"instrument":"Rules of the Road, Road Safety Authority, Revision No. 9, May 2026 (guidance, not law)","provision":"Stopping distances in wet conditions, Table 6, PDF page 126","url":"https://www.rsa.ie/docs/default-source/road-safety/r1---rules-of-the-road/ruleoftheroad_book-for-web.pdf?sfvrsn=b5d57830_8","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"fact-restated"}},{"id":"u5-stopping-0016","exams":["BW"],"topic":"risk-perception","lesson":"stopping-distances","stem":"At 80 km/h, how do the dry and wet total stopping distances compare in RSA guidance?","options":["36 metres dry and 52 metres wet","52 metres dry and 65 metres wet","70 metres dry and 81 metres wet","52 metres dry and 81 metres wet"],"correct":3,"explanation":"RSA guidance in the Rules of the Road gives a total of 52 metres in the dry and 81 metres in the wet at 80 km/h.","source":{"instrument":"Rules of the Road, Road Safety Authority, Revision No. 9, May 2026 (guidance, not law)","provision":"Stopping distances in wet conditions, Table 6, PDF page 126","url":"https://www.rsa.ie/docs/default-source/road-safety/r1---rules-of-the-road/ruleoftheroad_book-for-web.pdf?sfvrsn=b5d57830_8","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"fact-restated"}},{"id":"u5-stopping-0017","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"risk-perception","lesson":"stopping-distances","stem":"What following gap does RSA guidance advise on a dry road?","options":["At least two seconds","Exactly one second","One car length at every speed","A fixed distance of 10 metres"],"correct":0,"explanation":"RSA guidance in the Rules of the Road advises a gap of at least two seconds behind the vehicle in front in dry conditions.","source":{"instrument":"Rules of the Road, Road Safety Authority, Revision No. 9, May 2026 (guidance, not law)","provision":"Following distance guidance, PDF page 117","url":"https://www.rsa.ie/docs/default-source/road-safety/r1---rules-of-the-road/ruleoftheroad_book-for-web.pdf?sfvrsn=b5d57830_8","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"fact-restated"}},{"id":"u5-stopping-0018","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"risk-perception","lesson":"stopping-distances","stem":"What following gap does RSA guidance advise on a wet road?","options":["At least two seconds","At least four seconds","Exactly three seconds","A fixed distance of 20 metres"],"correct":1,"explanation":"RSA guidance in the Rules of the Road advises at least double the dry gap in wet conditions, giving at least four seconds.","source":{"instrument":"Rules of the Road, Road Safety Authority, Revision No. 9, May 2026 (guidance, not law)","provision":"Following distance guidance, PDF page 117","url":"https://www.rsa.ie/docs/default-source/road-safety/r1---rules-of-the-road/ruleoftheroad_book-for-web.pdf?sfvrsn=b5d57830_8","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"fact-restated"}},{"id":"u5-stopping-0019","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"risk-perception","lesson":"stopping-distances","stem":"How should a following gap change when snow or ice makes conditions worse than a wet road?","options":["Reduce it to two seconds","Keep it at four seconds exactly","Make it longer than the wet-road gap","Use one car length for every 10 km/h"],"correct":2,"explanation":"RSA guidance in the Rules of the Road advises a longer gap in snow or ice than in wet conditions, without fixing a number here.","source":{"instrument":"Rules of the Road, Road Safety Authority, Revision No. 9, May 2026 (guidance, not law)","provision":"Following distance guidance, PDF page 117","url":"https://www.rsa.ie/docs/default-source/road-safety/r1---rules-of-the-road/ruleoftheroad_book-for-web.pdf?sfvrsn=b5d57830_8","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"fact-restated"}},{"id":"u5-stopping-0020","exams":["BW","AM"],"topic":"risk-perception","lesson":"stopping-distances","stem":"A motorcyclist follows a car on a dry road. What minimum gap does RSA guidance advise?","options":["One second","One motorcycle length","A fixed distance of 10 metres","Two seconds"],"correct":3,"explanation":"RSA guidance in the Rules of the Road advises riders as well as drivers to keep at least a two-second gap in dry conditions.","source":{"instrument":"Rules of the Road, Road Safety Authority, Revision No. 9, May 2026 (guidance, not law)","provision":"Following distance guidance, PDF page 117","url":"https://www.rsa.ie/docs/default-source/road-safety/r1---rules-of-the-road/ruleoftheroad_book-for-web.pdf?sfvrsn=b5d57830_8","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"fact-restated"}},{"id":"u5-phone-0001","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"risk-perception","stem":"A driver holds a mobile phone to an ear to take a call while driving in a public place. Is this allowed?","options":["No, holding the phone while driving is an offence","Yes, if the call lasts less than a minute","Yes, if traffic is moving slowly","No, but only when driving on a motorway"],"correct":0,"explanation":"Road Traffic Act 2006, section 3 prohibits holding a mobile phone while driving in a public place.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic Act 2006 (No. 23 of 2006)","provision":"Section 3(1), (3), (7) and (9)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2006/act/23/section/3/enacted/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u5-phone-0002","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"risk-perception","stem":"A driver wedges a mobile phone between shoulder and ear while driving. Does this count as holding it?","options":["No, because neither hand touches it","Yes, supporting it with the body counts as holding","No, if the driver keeps both hands on the wheel","Yes, but only while the phone is ringing"],"correct":1,"explanation":"Road Traffic Act 2006, section 3 treats supporting or cradling a mobile phone with another part of the body as holding it.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic Act 2006 (No. 23 of 2006)","provision":"Section 3(1), (3), (7) and (9)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2006/act/23/section/3/enacted/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u5-phone-0003","exams":["BW","AM"],"topic":"risk-perception","stem":"A motorcyclist holds a mobile phone while riding in a public place. Does the holding ban apply?","options":["No, it applies only inside cars","No, it applies only to commercial vehicles","Yes, motorcycles are mechanically propelled vehicles","Yes, but only above 50 km/h"],"correct":2,"explanation":"Road Traffic Act 2006, section 3 applies the mobile phone holding ban to mechanically propelled vehicles, including motorcycles.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic Act 2006 (No. 23 of 2006)","provision":"Section 3(1), (3), (7) and (9)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2006/act/23/section/3/enacted/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u5-phone-0004","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"risk-perception","stem":"When does the mobile phone holding rule provide a defence for a driver?","options":["When calling a friend about a delay","When checking the time in slow traffic","When accepting a brief work call","When contacting emergency services in a genuine emergency"],"correct":3,"explanation":"Road Traffic Act 2006, section 3 provides a defence when the phone is used to contact emergency services in a genuine emergency.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic Act 2006 (No. 23 of 2006)","provision":"Section 3(1), (3), (7) and (9)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2006/act/23/section/3/enacted/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u5-phone-0005","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"risk-perception","stem":"A mobile phone rests on a driver's lap while the driver reads its screen. Does this count as holding the phone?","options":["Yes, the body is supporting the phone","No, because the driver's hands are free","No, if the message is short","Yes, but only when travelling above 50 km/h"],"correct":0,"explanation":"Road Traffic Act 2006, section 3 includes supporting a mobile phone with another part of the body, so a phone on the lap is held.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic Act 2006 (No. 23 of 2006)","provision":"Section 3(1), (3), (7) and (9)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2006/act/23/section/3/enacted/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u5-phone-0006","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"risk-perception","stem":"A driver is crawling in a slow queue of traffic. May the driver hold a mobile phone?","options":["Yes, because the traffic is below walking speed","No, the holding ban still applies while driving","Yes, if the vehicle ahead has stopped","No, but only during a phone call"],"correct":1,"explanation":"Road Traffic Act 2006, section 3 prohibits holding a mobile phone while driving, and slow queueing traffic does not remove that rule.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic Act 2006 (No. 23 of 2006)","provision":"Section 3(1), (3), (7) and (9)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2006/act/23/section/3/enacted/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u5-eco-0001","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"eco-driving","stem":"When may a driver sound the horn under the vehicle equipment rules?","options":["To greet a friend beside the road","To tell a driver that traffic lights have changed","Only when reasonably necessary for safety","To announce arrival outside a house"],"correct":2,"explanation":"Vehicle Equipment and Use Regulations 1963, Article 86 permits horn use only when it is reasonably necessary for safety.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Construction, Equipment and Use of Vehicles) Regulations 1963 (S.I. No. 190 of 1963)","provision":"Article 86(1) and (2)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/1963/si/190/made/en/html#article86","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u5-eco-0002","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"eco-driving","stem":"A driver sounds the horn at a slow driver ahead out of annoyance. Is that a lawful use?","options":["Yes, if the delay lasts a minute","Yes, if the road ahead is clear","Yes, provided it is sounded only once","No, annoyance is not a safety reason"],"correct":3,"explanation":"Vehicle Equipment and Use Regulations 1963, Article 86 restricts horn use to a reason reasonably necessary for safety.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Construction, Equipment and Use of Vehicles) Regulations 1963 (S.I. No. 190 of 1963)","provision":"Article 86(1) and (2)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/1963/si/190/made/en/html#article86","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u5-eco-0003","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"eco-driving","stem":"A pedestrian who has not seen an approaching vehicle is about to step into its path. What does the horn rule expect the driver to do?","options":["Sound the horn to warn the pedestrian","Sound the horn only after passing","Avoid using the horn for any reason","Sound the horn to express annoyance"],"correct":0,"explanation":"Vehicle Equipment and Use Regulations 1963, Article 86 requires horn use to warn others when that is reasonably necessary for safety.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Construction, Equipment and Use of Vehicles) Regulations 1963 (S.I. No. 190 of 1963)","provision":"Article 86(1) and (2)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/1963/si/190/made/en/html#article86","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u5-eco-0004","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"eco-driving","stem":"On certain roads, when does the night-time restriction on sounding a horn apply, apart from emergency service use or avoiding immediate danger?","options":["From 10 pm to 6 am","From 11.30 pm to 7 am","From midnight to 8 am","From 9 pm to 7 am"],"correct":1,"explanation":"Vehicle Equipment and Use Regulations 1963, Article 86 sets the restriction from 11.30 pm to 7 am, subject to those exceptions.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Construction, Equipment and Use of Vehicles) Regulations 1963 (S.I. No. 190 of 1963)","provision":"Article 86(3)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/1963/si/190/made/en/html#article86","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u7-crossing-0001","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"hazard-awareness","lesson":"vulnerable-road-users","stem":"You are approaching a zebra crossing. A pedestrian is standing at the kerb beside the stripes, looking to cross. What must you do?","options":["Sound the horn and continue if they have not yet stepped off","Yield to the pedestrian who is waiting to cross","Continue, because you only yield once someone is on the stripes","Yield only if the crossing has flashing beacons"],"correct":1,"explanation":"A person at the kerb of a zebra crossing who is clearly waiting to cross already has priority, so you must yield before they step onto the stripes. Article 8(6A) of the Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 puts that duty on the driver, not a courtesy once they are on the road.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 (S.I. No. 182 of 1997)","provision":"Article 8(6) and (6A), as substituted and inserted by S.I. No. 222 of 2024, reg. 4(c)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2024/si/222/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u7-crossing-0002","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"hazard-awareness","lesson":"vulnerable-road-users","stem":"A pedestrian is already on the far half of a zebra crossing as you approach. What does the law require?","options":["Drive on, because they have already passed the centre of the road","Sound the horn so they finish more quickly","Yield only if they are still on your half of the road","Yield to the pedestrian who has already started to cross"],"correct":3,"explanation":"Priority at a zebra crossing lasts for the whole crossing, including the far half, once the pedestrian has started. Article 8(6A) of the Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 requires you to yield to anyone who has already begun to cross, not only to people still on your side.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 (S.I. No. 182 of 1997)","provision":"Article 8(6) and (6A), as substituted and inserted by S.I. No. 222 of 2024, reg. 4(c)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2024/si/222/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u7-crossing-0003","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"hazard-awareness","lesson":"vulnerable-road-users","stem":"You approach a zebra crossing whose yellow beacons are not flashing. A pedestrian is waiting at the kerb to cross. What must you do?","options":["Yield to the waiting pedestrian even though the beacons are not flashing","Drive on, because a zebra without flashing beacons has no yield duty","Yield only if the pedestrian has already stepped onto the road","Sound the horn and continue unless a beacon starts flashing"],"correct":0,"explanation":"Beacons do not create the duty and do not switch it off. Article 8(6) and (6A) of the Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 require you to yield to a pedestrian waiting at a zebra crossing whether the beacons are fitted, flashing, or dark.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 (S.I. No. 182 of 1997)","provision":"Article 8(6) and (6A), as substituted and inserted by S.I. No. 222 of 2024, reg. 4(c)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2024/si/222/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u7-crossing-0004","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"hazard-awareness","lesson":"vulnerable-road-users","stem":"You are approaching a parallel zebra crossing. A cyclist is waiting at the cycle part of the crossing and there is no pedestrian in sight. What must you do?","options":["Drive on, because only pedestrians have priority at this crossing","Yield only after the cyclist has started to cross","Yield to the cyclist who is waiting to cross","Drive on unless the cyclist gets off and walks"],"correct":2,"explanation":"A parallel zebra crossing gives priority to people on pedal cycles as well as to pedestrians, including someone still waiting at the cycle part. Article 8(6C) of the Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997, added in October 2025, does not wait for the cyclist to move off or to walk.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 (S.I. No. 182 of 1997)","provision":"Article 8(6C) and (6D), inserted by S.I. No. 473 of 2025, reg. 2(b)(ii)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/473/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u7-crossing-0005","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"hazard-awareness","lesson":"vulnerable-road-users","stem":"A pedestrian and a cyclist arrive together at a combined zebra crossing that has flashing beacons. What must you do?","options":["Yield to the pedestrian only; the cyclist must wait for a gap","Yield only if the cyclist gets off and walks","Yield to both the pedestrian and the cyclist","Yield only to those who have already started to cross"],"correct":2,"explanation":"A combined zebra crossing is shared by pedestrians and cyclists, and both have priority while waiting or crossing. Flashing beacons do not change that. Article 8(6D) of the Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 requires you to yield to both, not only to someone already on the crossing.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 (S.I. No. 182 of 1997)","provision":"Article 8(6C) and (6D), inserted by S.I. No. 473 of 2025, reg. 2(b)(ii)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/473/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u7-crossing-0006","exams":["BW","AM"],"topic":"hazard-awareness","lesson":"vulnerable-road-users","stem":"You are cycling along a cycle track and come to a zebra crossing marked across the track. A pedestrian is waiting at the kerb to cross the track. What must you do?","options":["Yield to the pedestrian waiting to cross the cycle track","Continue, because the track is for cycles and pedestrians must wait","Ring the bell and carry on if the pedestrian is still on the footpath","Yield only if a green pedestrian signal is showing"],"correct":0,"explanation":"Where zebra stripes are painted across a cycle track, the person on the cycle, e-moped or e-scooter must yield to a pedestrian waiting or already crossing that track. Article 8(6B) of the Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 does not let you ring through or wait for a signal.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 (S.I. No. 182 of 1997)","provision":"Article 8(6B), as substituted by S.I. No. 473 of 2025, reg. 2(b)(ii)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/473/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u7-crossing-0007","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"hazard-awareness","lesson":"vulnerable-road-users","stem":"On a straight street where the footpath runs straight past a zebra crossing, parking is banned within what distance on the approach side?","options":["5 metres","10 metres","20 metres","15 metres"],"correct":3,"explanation":"Where the footpath is not built out into the road, you must not park within 15 metres on the approach side of a zebra crossing. Article 36(2)(h) of the Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 uses 5 metres only on the far side, so those figures are not swapped.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 (S.I. No. 182 of 1997)","provision":"Article 36(2)(h), as substituted by S.I. No. 332 of 2012, reg. 16(m), and amended by S.I. No. 473 of 2025, reg. 2(i)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2012/si/332/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u7-crossing-0008","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"hazard-awareness","lesson":"vulnerable-road-users","stem":"On a straight street where the footpath runs straight past a set of traffic lights, how close may you park on the side beyond the lights?","options":["No closer than 15 metres beyond the lights","No closer than 5 metres beyond the lights","No closer than 10 metres beyond the lights","No closer than 20 metres beyond the lights"],"correct":1,"explanation":"On the side other than the approach side, the ban is 5 metres, not 15. Article 36(2)(h) of the Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 applies that 5 metre rule to traffic lights as well as to zebra, parallel and combined crossings where the footpath runs straight past.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 (S.I. No. 182 of 1997)","provision":"Article 36(2)(h), as substituted by S.I. No. 332 of 2012, reg. 16(m), and amended by S.I. No. 473 of 2025, reg. 2(i)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2012/si/332/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u7-crossing-0009","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"hazard-awareness","lesson":"vulnerable-road-users","stem":"White zig-zag lines run along the road beside a zebra crossing. What do they mean for you as a driver looking for a place to park?","options":["The speed limit on that stretch is 30 km/h","You must stop there even when nobody is waiting","Pedestrians may cross anywhere along those lines","Parking is prohibited on that stretch of roadway"],"correct":3,"explanation":"Zig-zag markings at a zebra crossing or at pedestrian lights mark a stretch where parking is banned. Regulation 56 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 does not set a speed limit, a stop duty when the crossing is empty, or a right for pedestrians to cross anywhere along the lines.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 56","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u7-crossing-0010","exams":["BW","AM"],"topic":"hazard-awareness","lesson":"vulnerable-road-users","stem":"You are walking and reach the kerb as the green pedestrian figure starts to flash. What does that mean?","options":["Hurry across before the light turns red","Do not start to cross; people already on the road may finish","Cross if no vehicle is close","The flashing figure means the same as a steady green figure"],"correct":1,"explanation":"A flashing green figure on two-lamp pedestrian lights is a clearance period: anyone already crossing may finish, but nobody still on the footpath may start. Regulation 57 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 does not treat the flash as a signal to hurry or as another steady green.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 57","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u7-crossing-0011","exams":["BW","AM"],"topic":"hazard-awareness","lesson":"vulnerable-road-users","stem":"At three-lamp pedestrian lights an amber standing figure is showing. A pedestrian is halfway across the road. What does that mean?","options":["The pedestrian must go back to the footpath","The pedestrian must wait in the middle until green returns","The pedestrian already on the road may finish crossing","The amber figure means nobody may be on the road"],"correct":2,"explanation":"An amber standing figure means do not start unless you began while the green figure was lit, so a person already halfway across may finish. Regulation 57 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 does not send them back or freeze them in the middle.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 57","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u7-signals-0012","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"hazard-awareness","lesson":"vulnerable-road-users","stem":"At a pedestrian crossing controlled by traffic lights, the amber light is flashing and a pedestrian is partway across. What must you do?","options":["Go on only after yielding to the pedestrian already crossing","Drive on as if the light were green","Sound the horn so the pedestrian returns to the footpath","Go on once the pedestrian has passed the centre of the road"],"correct":0,"explanation":"When the amber lamp of standard traffic lights flashes, you may pass the lights or stop line only after yielding to a pedestrian who has already started to cross. Article 30(4) of the Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 does not treat flashing amber as green or cut priority at the centre line.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 (S.I. No. 182 of 1997)","provision":"Article 30(4), as substituted by S.I. No. 473 of 2025, reg. 2(g)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/473/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u7-pedestrian-0013","exams":["BW","AM"],"topic":"hazard-awareness","lesson":"vulnerable-road-users","stem":"You are walking along a road that has no footpath. Where should you walk?","options":["As near as possible to the right-hand edge of the road","On the left so that traffic comes from behind you","In the middle of the lane so drivers can see you","On whichever side has more light"],"correct":0,"explanation":"Where there is a footpath you must use it. Where there is none, pedestrians keep as near as possible to the right-hand edge of the road, facing oncoming traffic. Article 46(4) of the Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 does not put you on the left, in the middle, or on the brighter side.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 (S.I. No. 182 of 1997)","provision":"Article 46(4)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/1997/si/182/made/en/html#article46","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u7-pedestrian-0014","exams":["BW","AM"],"topic":"hazard-awareness","lesson":"vulnerable-road-users","stem":"A parallel zebra crossing is nearby. May you walk across the road 8 metres from it instead of using the crossing?","options":["Yes, if you give way to traffic","Yes, during daylight hours","No, not within 15 metres except at the crossing","Yes, if you stay within 5 metres"],"correct":2,"explanation":"Where a zebra, parallel or combined zebra crossing is provided, pedestrians must use it and must not cross the road within 15 metres of it except by that crossing. Article 46(7) of the Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997, as substituted in October 2025, does not shrink that distance to 5 metres or limit it to night.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 (S.I. No. 182 of 1997)","provision":"Article 46(7), as substituted by S.I. No. 473 of 2025, reg. 2(o)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/473/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u7-pedestrian-0015","exams":["BW","AM"],"topic":"hazard-awareness","lesson":"vulnerable-road-users","stem":"You are on the footpath facing a red traffic light and want to cross. What does the law require?","options":["Cross if the road looks clear","Do not start to cross while the light facing you is red","Cross if vehicles have stopped in the other direction","Start to cross and finish quickly if the light stays red"],"correct":1,"explanation":"A pedestrian facing a red traffic light must not start to cross. Article 46(2) of the Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 is a ban on setting off against red, not a gap-in-traffic rule or a race to finish before the light changes.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 (S.I. No. 182 of 1997)","provision":"Article 46(2), as substituted by S.I. No. 332 of 2012, reg. 16(r)(i)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2012/si/332/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u7-junction-0016","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"hazard-awareness","lesson":"vulnerable-road-users","stem":"You are turning left into a side road. A pedestrian has already stepped out and is crossing the mouth of that road. What must you do?","options":["Continue, because you have priority leaving the main road","Sound the horn so the pedestrian speeds up","Continue if the pedestrian is not on a marked crossing","Yield to the pedestrian who has already started to cross"],"correct":3,"explanation":"A driver approaching a junction must yield to a pedestrian who has already started to cross there, marked stripes or not. Article 8(3) of the Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997, substituted in October 2025, does not give turning traffic priority over someone already in the mouth of the side road.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 (S.I. No. 182 of 1997)","provision":"Article 8(3), as substituted by S.I. No. 473 of 2025, reg. 2(b)(i)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/473/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u7-sharedzone-0017","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"hazard-awareness","lesson":"vulnerable-road-users","stem":"You are in a shared zone. A pedestrian steps off the kerb in the middle of the street in front of you. What must you do?","options":["Sound the horn because pedestrians must keep to the edges","Yield to the pedestrian","Continue, because drivers have priority if they slow down","Continue unless the pedestrian is at a marked crossing"],"correct":1,"explanation":"In a shared zone pedestrians may step onto the road at any point, and drivers must yield to them. Article 45A of the Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997, inserted in October 2025, does not keep pedestrians to the edges or to marked crossings, and slowing down does not give you priority.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 (S.I. No. 182 of 1997)","provision":"Article 45A, inserted by S.I. No. 473 of 2025, reg. 2(n)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/473/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u7-sharedzone-0018","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"hazard-awareness","lesson":"vulnerable-road-users","stem":"In a shared zone marked by a shared zone sign, where may pedestrians enter or cross the road?","options":["At any point in the shared zone","Only at a marked pedestrian crossing","Only at the edges of the roadway","Only at weekends when the sign is in force"],"correct":0,"explanation":"The shared zone sign means pedestrians may enter or cross the road anywhere in that zone until the end of shared zone sign. Article 45A of the Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 does not confine them to marked crossings, to the edges, or to weekends.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 (S.I. No. 182 of 1997)","provision":"Article 45A, inserted by S.I. No. 473 of 2025, reg. 2(n)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/473/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u7-pedstreet-0019","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"hazard-awareness","lesson":"vulnerable-road-users","stem":"You parked in a pedestrianised street at 9.00. The plate shows the restriction starting at 11.00. What must you do?","options":["Leave the vehicle, because you arrived before the hours began","Stay parked if you display hazard lights","Stay parked if the vehicle is under 3,500 kg","Move the vehicle before the restricted hours begin"],"correct":3,"explanation":"During the hours on the plate nobody may drive into a pedestrianised street, and a vehicle already parked there must be taken out before those hours start. Article 45 of the Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 does not let you stay because you arrived early, show hazard lights, or sit under 3,500 kg.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 (S.I. No. 182 of 1997)","provision":"Article 45(1) to (3), as amended","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/1997/si/182/made/en/html#article45","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u7-school-0020","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"hazard-awareness","lesson":"vulnerable-road-users","stem":"The children have reached the footpath, but the school warden is still holding up the stop sign. What must you do?","options":["Drive on, because the children have finished crossing","Slow down and pass behind the children","Stay stopped for as long as the sign is shown","Treat the sign as a yield and go if the road looks clear"],"correct":2,"explanation":"Traffic must stop, and stay stopped, for as long as the school warden shows the stop sign, even after the children have reached the footpath. Section 96 of the Road Traffic Act 1961 makes it an offence to move off while the sign is still exhibited.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic Act 1961 (No. 24 of 1961)","provision":"Section 96(2) to (4)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/1961/act/24/section/96/enacted/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u7-school-0021","exams":["BW","AM"],"topic":"hazard-awareness","lesson":"vulnerable-road-users","stem":"You are on a motorcycle and want to use a school street as a short cut during the times shown on the plate. What does the law require?","options":["You may ride in slowly if no children are visible","The ban applies only to vehicles over 3,500 kg","You must not ride the motorcycle into the street during those times","The ban applies only when a school warden is present"],"correct":2,"explanation":"During the hours on the plate, a motor vehicle, including a motorcycle, must not be driven into a school street. Article 45B(1) of the Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997, inserted in October 2025, is not limited to heavy vehicles, to cars, or to times when a warden is on duty.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 (S.I. No. 182 of 1997)","provision":"Article 45B(1), inserted by S.I. No. 473 of 2025, reg. 2(n)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/473/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u7-cycletrack-0022","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"hazard-awareness","lesson":"vulnerable-road-users","stem":"A vehicle ahead is waiting to turn right. The cycle track beside you has a continuous white line on its right-hand edge. May you put two wheels into the cycle track to get past?","options":["Yes, if no cyclist is in sight","Yes, for up to 30 seconds to let traffic pass","Yes, outside rush hour","No, even partly driving along that cycle track is not allowed"],"correct":3,"explanation":"Driving along or across a cycle track with a continuous white edge line is banned even if only part of the vehicle is in the track. Article 14(5) of the Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 does not allow a brief nibble to pass a right-turning vehicle, an empty track, or a quiet time of day.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 (S.I. No. 182 of 1997)","provision":"Article 14(5), as substituted by S.I. No. 473 of 2025, reg. 2(d)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/473/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u7-cycletrack-0023","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"hazard-awareness","lesson":"vulnerable-road-users","stem":"You need to turn into a driveway beside a cycle track that has a painted cycle symbol. What does the law allow?","options":["Cross the cycle track to reach the driveway","Never cross the cycle track, even to reach a driveway","Cross only after sounding the horn to warn cyclists","Cross only outside rush hour"],"correct":0,"explanation":"The ban on driving along or across a cycle track has an access exception: you may cross it to get to or from a place beside the track, such as a driveway. Article 14(5) of the Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 does not make that crossing conditional on an empty track or the time of day.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 (S.I. No. 182 of 1997)","provision":"Article 14(5), as substituted by S.I. No. 473 of 2025, reg. 2(d)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/473/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u7-cycletrack-0024","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"hazard-awareness","lesson":"vulnerable-road-users","stem":"Which marking on the right-hand edge of a cycle track means you must not drive along or across it except to reach a place beside the track?","options":["A broken white line","A continuous white line","Elephant's footprint markings","A single yellow line"],"correct":1,"explanation":"A continuous white line on the right-hand edge of a cycle track (or a painted cycle symbol on its own) triggers the ban on driving along or across, except for access. Article 14(5) of the Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 does not apply that ban to a cycle symbol used with a broken white line or with elephant's footprint markings.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 (S.I. No. 182 of 1997)","provision":"Article 14(5), as substituted by S.I. No. 473 of 2025, reg. 2(d)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/473/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u7-cycletrack-0025","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"hazard-awareness","lesson":"vulnerable-road-users","stem":"You want to stop in a cycle track to collect a takeaway. What does the law require?","options":["You may stop for up to 30 minutes with hazard lights on","You may stop if you stay in the vehicle","You may stop for 10 minutes","You must not park in the cycle track"],"correct":3,"explanation":"Parking in a with-flow, contra-flow or shared cycle track is banned. The only exception is loading or unloading goods for up to 30 minutes where the right-hand edge is a broken white line, which collecting a takeaway is not. Article 36(2)(m) of the Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 does not allow a short stop, hazard lights, or sitting in the vehicle.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 (S.I. No. 182 of 1997)","provision":"Article 36(2)(m), as substituted by S.I. No. 332 of 2012, reg. 16(m), with article 5(5)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2012/si/332/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u7-cycletrack-0026","exams":["BW","AM"],"topic":"hazard-awareness","lesson":"vulnerable-road-users","stem":"You are cycling on a two-way cycle track beside a road. Which side of each lane should you keep to?","options":["The right, so riders face each other","The middle of the lane","As near as possible to the left of each lane","Either side if the track is quiet"],"correct":2,"explanation":"On a two-way cycle track, pedal cycles, e-mopeds and e-scooters keep as near as possible to the left of each lane. Article 14(3) of the Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 does not put riders on the right to face each other, in the middle, or on either side when the track is quiet.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 (S.I. No. 182 of 1997)","provision":"Article 14(3), as substituted by S.I. No. 473 of 2025, reg. 2(d)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/473/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u7-cycletrack-0027","exams":["BW","AM"],"topic":"hazard-awareness","lesson":"vulnerable-road-users","stem":"A shared track sign shows pedestrians on one side of a vertical line and a cycle on the other. You are cycling and want to overtake by moving onto the pedestrian side. What does the law require?","options":["Use either side if pedestrians are not in the way","Keep only to the cycle side shown on the sign","Pedestrians must give way to cyclists everywhere on the track","Wheelchair users must use the cycle side"],"correct":1,"explanation":"A shared track sign with a vertical split is a segregated track: each user stays on the side the sign gives them. Article 14(7) of the Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 does not let cyclists borrow the pedestrian side to overtake. Wheelchair users count as pedestrians, so they use the pedestrian side.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 (S.I. No. 182 of 1997)","provision":"Article 14(7), as substituted by S.I. No. 473 of 2025, reg. 2(d)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/473/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u7-cycletrack-0028","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"hazard-awareness","lesson":"vulnerable-road-users","stem":"You are travelling along a one-way street that has a contra-flow cycling sign. A cyclist is coming towards you. What is the position?","options":["The cyclist is allowed to travel against the one-way flow","The cyclist is breaking the law, so you may hold the centre of the road","Only e-scooters may travel against the one-way flow","You must reverse to let the cyclist through"],"correct":0,"explanation":"Where the contra-flow cycling sign is provided, pedal cycles, e-mopeds and e-scooters may lawfully travel against the one-way direction. Article 14A of the Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997, inserted in October 2025, means you should expect them and allow for them. It does not order you to reverse.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 (S.I. No. 182 of 1997)","provision":"Article 14A, inserted by S.I. No. 473 of 2025, reg. 2(d)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/473/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u7-cyclestreet-0029","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"hazard-awareness","lesson":"vulnerable-road-users","stem":"You are behind a slow cyclist on a cycle street. The road ahead is clear. What must you do?","options":["Stay behind and do not overtake the cyclist","Overtake if no traffic is coming","Sound the horn so the cyclist moves in","Overtake if you stay below 30 km/h"],"correct":0,"explanation":"On a cycle street, motorised vehicles must yield to people on pedal cycles, e-mopeds and e-scooters and must not overtake them, even when the road ahead looks clear. Article 14B of the Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997, inserted in October 2025, does not allow a horn, a low speed, or a gap in traffic as a way around that ban.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 (S.I. No. 182 of 1997)","provision":"Article 14B, inserted by S.I. No. 473 of 2025, reg. 2(d)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/473/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u7-cyclestreet-0030","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"hazard-awareness","lesson":"vulnerable-road-users","stem":"You are on a cycle street behind a cyclist. Where may you next overtake?","options":["Anywhere the road ahead is clear","After you pass the end of cycle street sign","Where the cyclist waves you on","Where you can overtake below 30 km/h"],"correct":1,"explanation":"The cycle street rules last until the end of cycle street sign. Until then you stay behind people on pedal cycles, e-mopeds and e-scooters. Article 14B of the Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 does not let a wave, a clear road, or a low speed bring the overtaking ban to an end early.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 (S.I. No. 182 of 1997)","provision":"Article 14B, inserted by S.I. No. 473 of 2025, reg. 2(d)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/473/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u7-overtaking-0031","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"hazard-awareness","lesson":"vulnerable-road-users","stem":"A cyclist is ahead of you approaching a traffic island that narrows the road. What must you do?","options":["Overtake quickly to spend less time beside the cyclist","Sound the horn and overtake","Squeeze past because the cyclist is close to the kerb","Wait until you can overtake without endangering or inconveniencing the cyclist"],"correct":3,"explanation":"You must not overtake, or try to, if that would endanger or inconvenience a cyclist. A pinch point at a traffic island is a place where squeezing past does exactly that. Article 10(1) of the Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 does not reward a quicker pass, a horn, or a tight gap at the kerb.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 (S.I. No. 182 of 1997)","provision":"Article 10(1), as substituted by S.I. No. 473 of 2025, reg. 2(c)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/473/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u7-overtaking-0032","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"hazard-awareness","lesson":"vulnerable-road-users","stem":"A cyclist is ahead on a narrow road and a van is coming the other way. What must you do?","options":["Overtake before the van arrives so you are not delayed","Overtake, because slower riders must pull in for faster traffic","Do not overtake if that would endanger or inconvenience the cyclist","Sound the horn and go past as the van approaches"],"correct":2,"explanation":"Overtaking into the path of an oncoming van on a narrow road would put the cyclist at risk. Article 10(1) of the Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997, substituted in October 2025, forbids an overtake that would endanger or inconvenience a pedal cyclist, an e-moped user or an e-scooter user. Cyclists are not required to pull in for faster traffic.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 (S.I. No. 182 of 1997)","provision":"Article 10(1), as substituted by S.I. No. 473 of 2025, reg. 2(c)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/473/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u7-cyclist-0033","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"hazard-awareness","lesson":"vulnerable-road-users","stem":"You are in a queue of stopped traffic and have not signalled left. A cyclist is coming up on your left. What does the law allow the cyclist to do?","options":["Cyclists may never pass on the left","Cyclists may pass on the left of traffic that is stopped or moving more slowly","Only e-scooter users may pass on the left","Passing on the left is allowed only in a bus lane"],"correct":1,"explanation":"Pedal cyclists, e-moped users and e-scooter users may pass on the left where the vehicles on their right are stopped or moving more slowly, unless that vehicle has signalled left and can reasonably be expected to turn, or is stopped for passengers or loading. Article 10(5)(b) of the Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 is not limited to bus lanes or to e-scooters.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 (S.I. No. 182 of 1997)","provision":"Article 10(5)(b), as substituted by S.I. No. 473 of 2025, reg. 2(c)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/473/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u7-cyclist-0034","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"hazard-awareness","lesson":"vulnerable-road-users","stem":"A group of pedal cyclists is riding along a country road. How many may ride side by side?","options":["Three abreast on a wide road","Single file at all times","No more than two abreast","Any number on a quiet road"],"correct":2,"explanation":"Pedal cyclists and e-moped users must not ride more than two side by side, except while overtaking other cyclists or e-moped users where that does not endanger or obstruct anyone. Article 47 of the Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 does not require single file at all times, and it does not raise the limit on a wide or quiet road.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 (S.I. No. 182 of 1997)","provision":"Article 47, as substituted by S.I. No. 473 of 2025, reg. 2(p)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/473/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u7-cyclist-0035","exams":["BW","AM"],"topic":"hazard-awareness","lesson":"vulnerable-road-users","stem":"You are on an e-scooter and want to overtake a line of stopped cars. How must you ride?","options":["In single file","Two abreast so you are more visible","Three abreast on a wide road","Any number abreast if the cars are stopped"],"correct":0,"explanation":"When overtaking other traffic, e-scooter users must ride in single file. Article 47A of the Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997, inserted in 2024, mirrors the pedal cycle rule: no more than two abreast in ordinary riding, and single file when passing other traffic, even if that traffic is stopped.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 (S.I. No. 182 of 1997)","provision":"Article 47A, inserted by S.I. No. 222 of 2024, reg. 4(j)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2024/si/222/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u7-cyclist-0036","exams":["BW","AM"],"topic":"hazard-awareness","lesson":"vulnerable-road-users","stem":"You are cycling and want to cross the road 8 metres from a parallel zebra crossing instead of using it. What does the law require?","options":["Cross there if you yield to traffic","Cross there if you use the pedestrian stripes","You must get off and walk across at that point","Do not cross within 15 metres except by the crossing"],"correct":3,"explanation":"At a parallel or combined zebra crossing, a person on a pedal cycle, e-moped or e-scooter must cross in the cycle part (or in the combined crossing) and must not cross the road within 15 metres of it except by the crossing. Article 47C of the Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 does not require you to get off and walk, and 8 metres is inside that 15 metre band.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 (S.I. No. 182 of 1997)","provision":"Article 47C, inserted by S.I. No. 473 of 2025, reg. 2(q)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/473/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u7-cyclist-0037","exams":["BW","AM"],"topic":"hazard-awareness","lesson":"vulnerable-road-users","stem":"Your cycle track meets a road at a yield line. A pedestrian is crossing in front of you. What must you do?","options":["Continue, because pedestrians must yield to cyclists on a cycle track","Yield to cars but not to pedestrians","Yield to the pedestrian and to other traffic","Continue, because a yield line applies only to motor vehicles"],"correct":2,"explanation":"A cyclist, e-moped or e-scooter user approaching a yield line, with or without a yield sign, must yield to pedestrians and to traffic. Article 21(A) of the Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997, inserted in October 2025, is not limited to motor vehicles and does not give cycle-track users priority over a pedestrian already crossing.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 (S.I. No. 182 of 1997)","provision":"Article 21(A), inserted by S.I. No. 473 of 2025, reg. 2(e)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/473/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u7-cyclelights-0038","exams":["BW","AM"],"topic":"hazard-awareness","lesson":"vulnerable-road-users","stem":"You are cycling and face a red cycle symbol at cycle traffic lights. The road looks clear. What must you do?","options":["Go on, because a red cycle symbol applies only to e-scooters","Go on if the road is clear","Treat the lights as advice and continue with care","Do not go past the lights or the stop line"],"correct":3,"explanation":"A red cycle symbol means cyclists, e-moped users and e-scooter users must not go past the lights or the stop line, even if the road looks empty. Article 47B of the Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 does not treat cycle lights as advice or limit the red symbol to e-scooters.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 (S.I. No. 182 of 1997)","provision":"Article 47B, as substituted by S.I. No. 473 of 2025, reg. 2(q)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/473/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u7-cyclelights-0039","exams":["BW","AM"],"topic":"hazard-awareness","lesson":"vulnerable-road-users","stem":"You are cycling and the cycle traffic lights show a flashing amber cycle symbol. A pedestrian has started to cross the cycle track. What must you do?","options":["Go on without stopping","Go on only after yielding to the pedestrian already crossing","The flashing amber is only advisory","The flashing amber applies only to e-scooters"],"correct":1,"explanation":"A flashing amber cycle symbol allows you to go on only after yielding to any pedestrian who has started to cross the road or the cycle track. Article 47B of the Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 does not make the flash a free go, an advisory lamp, or an e-scooter-only signal.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 (S.I. No. 182 of 1997)","provision":"Article 47B, as substituted by S.I. No. 473 of 2025, reg. 2(q)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/473/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u7-signals-0040","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"hazard-awareness","lesson":"vulnerable-road-users","stem":"You are waiting to turn left across a cycle track. A flashing amber left arrow comes on, and a cyclist is approaching on the track. What must you do?","options":["Turn only after yielding to the cyclist on the cycle track","Turn at once, because the arrow gives you priority over the cycle track","Sound the horn to warn the cyclist and turn","Yield to pedestrians only, not to cyclists"],"correct":0,"explanation":"A flashing amber arrow lets you go in that direction only after yielding to every vehicle using an adjacent cycle track and approaching the junction, cyclists included. Article 30(3)(c) of the Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 does not give the arrow priority over the track or limit the yield to pedestrians.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 (S.I. No. 182 of 1997)","provision":"Article 30(3)(c), as substituted by S.I. No. 473 of 2025, reg. 2(g)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/473/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u8-regulatory-0001","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"Which of these does a mandatory sign indicate?","options":["A bus lane","A hazard ahead","The distance to a town","A road surface defect"],"correct":0,"explanation":"Under Regulation 4 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025, a mandatory sign indicates the direction or route traffic must take, a cycle track, a bus lane, or a mini-roundabout. It does not warn of a hazard, give a distance to a town, or mark a surface defect.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 4(1)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u8-regulatory-0002","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"You reach a prohibitory sign at the mouth of a side street off a town road. What does that sign forbid there?","options":["It only warns that the street is narrow ahead","Entering that road at the entrance where the sign stands","It is advice you may ignore when the street looks clear","It applies only to goods vehicles using the street"],"correct":1,"explanation":"Regulation 14 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 provides that a prohibitory sign at the entrance to a road forbids a vehicle from entering that road. It is not a warning, and it is not limited to goods vehicles or to times when the street is busy.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 14(2)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u8-regulatory-0003","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"A prohibitory sign stands part way along a local road, not at a junction. What does it forbid?","options":["It only warns of a bend beyond the sign","It is advice when no other vehicle is in sight","Going past that point on the road","It applies only to goods vehicles from that point"],"correct":2,"explanation":"Under Regulation 14 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025, a prohibitory sign can forbid a vehicle from going past the point on the road where the sign is provided. The duty is not advice, not a warning of a bend, and not limited to goods vehicles.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 14(2)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u8-regulatory-0004","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"A prohibitory sign that binds people on foot is provided on a public road. Where is that sign used?","options":["On any town street as a warning of something ahead","Only as advice when the footpath is clear","Only on roads used by goods vehicles","On a road with a light railway, or ahead of a road tunnel"],"correct":3,"explanation":"Regulation 14 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 has a separate limb for pedestrians: they must not go past a point on a road with a light railway, or ahead of a road tunnel, where that sign is provided. It is not general advice and it is not limited to goods vehicles.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 14(2)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u8-regulatory-0005","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"A restrictive sign stands at the entrance to an industrial estate road. What does it forbid?","options":["It is only advice when the estate road is clear","Entering that road at the entrance where the sign stands","It is a square warning of a hazard inside the estate","It applies only as a blue information sign"],"correct":1,"explanation":"Regulation 22 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 provides that a restrictive sign can forbid a vehicle from entering the road at whose entrance it stands. It is not advice, it is not a warning sign, and the restrictive class is not a blue information sign.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 22(1)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u8-regulatory-0006","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"A restrictive sign is provided on a stretch of housing estate road where you hoped to stop. What can that sign forbid there?","options":["It is only advice if you stay less than a minute","It is a square warning of children playing nearby","Parking or stopping on that road or part of road","It is a blue sign that does not bind drivers or riders"],"correct":2,"explanation":"Under Regulation 22 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025, a restrictive sign can forbid parking or stopping in an area, on a road, or on part of a road where it is provided. It is not optional advice and it is not a warning or information sign.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 22(1)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u8-regulatory-0007","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"What tells a restrictive sign apart from a prohibitory sign?","options":["A restrictive sign is always square rather than a disc with a red border","A restrictive sign is always blue with a white border and white symbols","A restrictive sign is only advice and never binds you on the road, even at an entrance","A prohibitory sign carries one or more oblique red bars, and a restrictive sign does not"],"correct":3,"explanation":"Regulation 14 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 describes a prohibitory sign as a white disc with a red border and one or more oblique red bars. Regulation 22 describes a restrictive sign as a white disc with a red border, symbols, figures or letters, and no oblique red bar. Shape and colour claims that it is square or blue are wrong, and it is not mere advice.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 14(2); Regulation 22(1)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u8-regulatory-0008","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"A plate under a prohibitory sign on a town street shows hours of the day. What do those hours mean?","options":["The period during which the prohibition shown on the sign applies","The fine that applies if you ignore the sign","The distance along the street that the sign covers","The class of vehicle the prohibition applies to"],"correct":0,"explanation":"Regulation 2 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025, read with Regulation 14, treats an information plate under a sign as showing the period during which the prohibition or restriction applies, unless the Regulations say otherwise. It does not state a fine, a distance, or the vehicle class. A different plate is used for vehicle class.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 2(2); Regulation 14(4)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u8-regulatory-0009","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"Unless the Regulations say otherwise, what does an information plate under a traffic sign tell you?","options":["The fine for ignoring the sign on that stretch of road","How far along the road the sign has effect from that point","The period during which the prohibition or restriction applies","Which class of vehicle the sign applies to on that road"],"correct":2,"explanation":"Regulation 2 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 says that a reference to an information plate, unless otherwise specified, is to a plate showing the period during which the restriction or prohibition applies. Regulation 14 allows a separate plate for the type or category of vehicle. The plate does not state a fine or a distance.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 2(2); Regulation 14(4)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u8-regulatory-0010","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"A no right turn sign on a city street has a plate reading Except Buses and Taxis, with the Irish legend Ach Amháin Busanna agus Tacsaithe. Who does that plate let through?","options":["Every vehicle outside business hours","Motorcycles as well as buses","Anyone, because the plate is only advice","Large public service vehicles and taxis"],"correct":3,"explanation":"Regulation 14 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 allows that plate only under the no straight ahead, no right turn and no left turn signs. It means the prohibition does not apply to large public service vehicles and taxis. It does not open the turn to everyone outside business hours, and it does not cover motorcycles.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 14(5)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u8-regulatory-0011","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"A no left turn sign has a plate reading Except Cyclists, with the Irish legend Ach Amháin Rothaithe. Who does that plate let through?","options":["Pedal cyclists, and drivers of e-mopeds and electric scooters","Motorcyclists and moped riders as well as cyclists","Every vehicle after close of business","Cyclists only as advice, so other traffic may follow them"],"correct":0,"explanation":"Under Regulation 14 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025, the Except Cyclists plate means the prohibition does not apply to pedal cyclists or to e-moped or electric scooter drivers. An e-moped in Irish law is a pedal assisted electric bicycle, not a category AM moped, so motorcyclists and moped riders stay bound by the sign.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 14(5)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u8-regulatory-0012","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"A no straight ahead sign has a plate reading Except Buses, Taxis, and Cyclists. Who may go straight ahead past that sign?","options":["Motorcycles, because they are treated as cyclists on this plate as well as buses","Large public service vehicles, taxis, pedal cyclists, and e-moped or electric scooter drivers","Every vehicle outside shopping hours, whatever class of vehicle it is on that street","Anyone, because the plate is only advice and does not bind other traffic on that street"],"correct":1,"explanation":"Regulation 14 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 provides that this plate, used under the no straight ahead, no right turn or no left turn sign, lifts the prohibition for large public service vehicles, taxis, pedal cyclists, and e-moped or electric scooter drivers. Motorcycles are not covered, and the plate is not advice.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 14(5)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u8-regulatory-0013","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"A no right turn sign beside a light rail street has a plate reading Except Trams, with the Irish legend Ach Amháin Tramanna. Who does that plate let through?","options":["Every vehicle once the shops have closed","Motorcycles using the tram street","Anyone, because the plate is only advice","Light rail vehicles"],"correct":3,"explanation":"Regulation 14 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 provides that the Except Trams plate, placed under a no straight ahead, no right turn or no left turn sign, means the prohibition does not apply to light rail vehicles. Other traffic, including motorcycles, stays bound. The plate is not advice and it does not lift the sign outside business hours.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 14(5)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u8-regulatory-0014","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"A no left turn sign has a plate reading Except Trams and Access. Who does that plate let through?","options":["Light rail vehicles and access","Every vehicle outside business hours","Motorcycles as a class","Anyone, because the plate is only advice"],"correct":0,"explanation":"Under Regulation 14 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025, the Except Trams and Access plate may stand under a no straight ahead, no right turn or no left turn sign. It lifts the prohibition for light rail vehicles and for access. It does not let every vehicle through after hours, and it does not cover motorcycles as a class.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 14(5)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u8-regulatory-0015","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"A no straight ahead sign has a plate reading Except Authorised Vehicles. Who does that plate let through?","options":["Every vehicle outside business hours","Authorised vehicles","Motorcycles as well as authorised vehicles","Anyone, because the plate is only advice"],"correct":1,"explanation":"Regulation 14 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 provides that this plate, used under the no straight ahead, no right turn or no left turn sign, means the prohibition does not apply to authorised vehicles. It does not open the road to everyone outside business hours, and motorcycles are not included unless they are authorised.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 14(5)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u8-regulatory-0016","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"A Garda controlling traffic around a crash holds up a portable sign. Which signs may be used that way?","options":["Any sign in the Traffic Signs Regulations, including warning signs","Portable signs that are advisory only and do not bind traffic","The mandatory signs, apart from the with-flow cycle track sign","Only the stop sign, and no other portable sign"],"correct":2,"explanation":"Regulation 91 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 lets members of the Garda Síochána use portable versions of the mandatory signs in Part 1 of Schedule 1, except the with-flow cycle track sign. It is not a licence to use every prescribed sign, the signs are not advisory, and the stop sign is not on the list at all.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 91","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u8-regulatory-0017","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"Besides portable mandatory signs, which other signs may a Garda use in portable form?","options":["The no straight ahead, no right turn, no left turn, parking permitted and no parking signs","Any prohibitory or restrictive sign in the Regulations, with no limit on which ones","Portable signs that are only advisory and do not bind traffic on a road","Only the stop sign, and no other portable sign"],"correct":0,"explanation":"Regulation 91(b) of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 also lists portable versions of the no straight ahead, no right turn, no left turn, parking permitted and no parking signs. That is a closed list, not a power to use every prohibitory or restrictive sign. The signs are not advisory, and the stop sign is not on the list at all.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 91","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u8-regulatory-0018","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"This sign stands on a refuge in a shopping street at night. Which side must you pass?","options":["On either side when the street is clear","To the left of the sign","The sign applies to cyclists only","The sign marks the edge of the road, so you may pass either side"],"correct":1,"explanation":"The keep left sign is a mandatory sign under Regulation 4 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025, Schedule 1, Part 1. Traffic must take the direction it shows, which is to pass to the left of the sign. It is not optional when the street is quiet, it is not limited to cyclists, and it does not mark the road edge.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 4(1)(a); Schedule 1, Part 1","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"},"image":{"src":"/signs/rus-001-eisb.png","alt":"Road sign"}},{"id":"u8-regulatory-0019","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"At the entrance to a one-way system you see this sign, and the right-hand gap looks shorter. Which side must you pass?","options":["On either side because the system is one-way","The sign applies to cyclists only at this entrance","To the left of the sign","The sign marks the road edge, so the shorter gap is allowed"],"correct":2,"explanation":"Under Regulation 4 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025, the keep left sign requires traffic to pass to the left of the sign. A shorter gap on the other side does not change that. The sign is not limited to cyclists and it does not mark the edge of the road.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 4(1)(a); Schedule 1, Part 1","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"},"image":{"src":"/signs/rus-001-eisb.png","alt":"Road sign"}},{"id":"u8-regulatory-0020","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"On a one-way street, this sign stands at the approach end of a traffic island. Which side must you pass?","options":["On either side when the road is clear","The sign applies to cyclists only","The sign marks the edge of the road","To the right of the sign"],"correct":3,"explanation":"The keep right sign is a mandatory sign under Regulation 4 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025, Schedule 1, Part 1. Traffic must pass to the right of the sign. That is a different sign from keep left. It is not optional when the road is quiet, not limited to cyclists, and not an edge marking.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 4(1)(a); Schedule 1, Part 1","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"},"image":{"src":"/signs/rus-002-eisb.png","alt":"Road sign"}},{"id":"u8-regulatory-0021","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"On a one-way street in town, an island narrows the road into two gaps and this sign stands at its approach end. The left-hand gap looks easier. Which side must you pass?","options":["On either side because the narrowing is short","To the right of the sign","The sign applies to cyclists only at a narrowing","The sign marks the edge of the road, so the easier gap is allowed"],"correct":1,"explanation":"Regulation 4 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 requires traffic facing a keep right sign to pass to the right of it. An easier gap on the other side does not change the direction the sign requires. It is not a cyclist-only sign and it does not mark the road edge.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 4(1)(a); Schedule 1, Part 1","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"},"image":{"src":"/signs/rus-002-eisb.png","alt":"Road sign"}},{"id":"u8-regulatory-0022","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"An island in a wide one-way street carries this sign at its approach end. What may you do?","options":["You must take the left side anyway","You must take the wider side","Pass on either side of the sign","The sign marks a parking area around the island"],"correct":2,"explanation":"The pass either side sign is a mandatory sign under Regulation 4 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025, Schedule 1, Part 1. It allows traffic to pass on either side of the sign. It does not force the left side, it does not require the wider side, and it does not mark a parking area.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 4(1)(a); Schedule 1, Part 1","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"},"image":{"src":"/signs/rus-003-eisb.png","alt":"Road sign"}},{"id":"u8-regulatory-0023","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"An island ahead has a pass either side sign, not a keep left sign. How does that change the side you choose?","options":["You must still take the left side anyway, as if the keep left sign were showing","You must take the wider side of the island, even if the other side is clear","The sign marks a parking area, so you may stop beside the island","You may pass on either side, whereas a keep left sign would require the left"],"correct":3,"explanation":"Under Regulation 4 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025, keep left and pass either side are different mandatory signs. Pass either side lets you choose a side. Keep left requires the left. The pass either side sign does not force the wider side and does not mark a parking area.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 4(1)(a); Schedule 1, Part 1","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u8-regulatory-0024","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"You wanted to turn at a junction, but this sign faces you. What must you do?","options":["Go straight ahead","Go straight on unless you signal a turn","Go straight on unless the turn looks clear","Treat it as a through route for buses only"],"correct":0,"explanation":"The keep straight ahead sign is a mandatory sign under Regulation 4 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025. Traffic facing it must go straight ahead. A signal, a clear side road, or a bus route does not authorise a turn past that sign.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 4(1)(a); Schedule 1, Part 1","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"},"image":{"src":"/signs/rus-004-eisb.png","alt":"Road sign"}},{"id":"u8-regulatory-0025","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"What does this sign require of traffic facing it?","options":["Go straight on unless you signal","Go straight on unless the turn is clear","Traffic must go straight ahead","It marks a through route for buses"],"correct":2,"explanation":"Regulation 4 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025, with Schedule 1, Part 1, makes keep straight ahead a mandatory direction: traffic must go straight ahead. It is not optional if you signal, it does not yield to a clear turn, and it is not a bus-only through route sign.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 4(1)(a); Schedule 1, Part 1","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"},"image":{"src":"/signs/rus-004-eisb.png","alt":"Road sign"}},{"id":"u8-regulatory-0026","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"This sign faces you at a junction and the road you wanted is to the left. What must you do?","options":["Treat the arrow as advice and turn left if that is shorter","Turn left if you signal first","Read the sign as a warning that the road bends right","Turn right here"],"correct":3,"explanation":"The turn right sign is a mandatory sign under Regulation 4 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025. Traffic must turn right here. The arrow is not advice, a signal does not authorise the other way, and the sign does not mean the road merely bends.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 4(1)(a); Schedule 1, Part 1","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"},"image":{"src":"/signs/rus-005-eisb.png","alt":"Road sign"}},{"id":"u8-regulatory-0027","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"At a quiet crossroads this sign faces you. Nothing is coming. May you go straight on instead?","options":["No, traffic must turn right here","Yes, the arrow is advice when the junction is empty","Yes, if you signal that you will go straight on","Yes, because the sign only means the road bends right"],"correct":0,"explanation":"Under Regulation 4 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025, the turn right sign requires traffic to turn right at that place. An empty junction, a signal, or reading it as a bend warning does not lift the duty.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 4(1)(a); Schedule 1, Part 1","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"},"image":{"src":"/signs/rus-005-eisb.png","alt":"Road sign"}},{"id":"u8-regulatory-0028","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"The road you wanted is to the right, but this sign faces you at the junction. What must you do?","options":["Treat the arrow as advice and turn right if that is shorter","Turn left here","Turn right if you signal first","Read the sign as a warning that the road bends left"],"correct":1,"explanation":"The turn left sign is a mandatory sign under Regulation 4 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025. Traffic must turn left here. That is a different sign from turn right. The arrow is not advice, a signal does not authorise the other way, and it is not a bend warning.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 4(1)(a); Schedule 1, Part 1","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"},"image":{"src":"/signs/rus-006-eisb.png","alt":"Road sign"}},{"id":"u8-regulatory-0029","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"You meet this sign at an empty rural junction. May you go straight on because nothing is coming?","options":["Yes, the arrow is advice when the road is empty","Yes, if you signal that you will go straight on","Yes, because the sign only means the road bends left","No, traffic must turn left here"],"correct":3,"explanation":"Regulation 4 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 requires traffic facing a turn left sign to turn left at that place. An empty road, a signal, or treating the sign as a bend warning does not permit going straight on.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 4(1)(a); Schedule 1, Part 1","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"},"image":{"src":"/signs/rus-006-eisb.png","alt":"Road sign"}},{"id":"u8-regulatory-0030","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"You pass this sign on a national road. Where is the compulsory turn?","options":["At the junction ahead, not at the sign","As soon as you pass the sign","The sign warns of a left-hand bend","The sign marks a slip road you must take at once"],"correct":0,"explanation":"The turn left ahead sign, under Regulation 4 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025, Schedule 1, Part 1, requires traffic to turn left at the junction ahead. It does not require an immediate turn at the sign itself, and it is not a bend warning or a slip road marking.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 4(1)(a); Schedule 1, Part 1","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"},"image":{"src":"/signs/rus-007-eisb.png","alt":"Road sign"}},{"id":"u8-regulatory-0031","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"How does a turn left ahead sign differ from a turn left sign placed at the junction itself?","options":["Both signs require you to turn as soon as you pass them on the road","The ahead sign requires the left turn at the junction ahead, not at the sign","The ahead sign is only a warning of a left-hand bend in the road","The ahead sign marks a slip road starting at the sign itself"],"correct":1,"explanation":"Regulation 4 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 lists turn left and turn left ahead as different mandatory signs. Turn left applies at the sign. Turn left ahead applies at the junction ahead. The ahead sign is not a bend warning and not a slip road marking.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 4(1)(a); Schedule 1, Part 1","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u8-regulatory-0032","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"On the approach to a town junction you pass this sign. Where is the compulsory turn?","options":["As soon as you pass the sign","The sign warns of a right-hand bend","At the junction ahead, not at the sign","The sign marks a slip road you must take at once"],"correct":2,"explanation":"The turn right ahead sign, under Regulation 4 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025, Schedule 1, Part 1, requires traffic to turn right at the junction ahead. It is not an immediate turn at the sign, not a bend warning, and not a slip road marking. It is a different sign from turn left ahead.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 4(1)(a); Schedule 1, Part 1","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"},"image":{"src":"/signs/rus-008-eisb.png","alt":"Road sign"}},{"id":"u8-regulatory-0033","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"How does a turn right ahead sign differ from a turn right sign placed at the junction itself?","options":["The ahead sign requires the right turn at the junction ahead, not at the sign","Both signs require you to turn as soon as you pass them on the road","The ahead sign is only a warning of a right-hand bend in the road","The ahead sign marks a slip road starting at the sign itself"],"correct":0,"explanation":"Under Regulation 4 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025, turn right applies at the sign and turn right ahead applies at the junction ahead. They are different mandatory signs. The ahead sign is not a bend warning and does not mark a slip road.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 4(1)(a); Schedule 1, Part 1","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u8-regulatory-0034","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"This sign faces you on a town street. What manoeuvre must you not make past it?","options":["The sign allows a straight run when nothing is coming","Going straight ahead past the sign","The sign allows a quick drop off beyond it","The sign applies to large vehicles only"],"correct":1,"explanation":"Regulation 14 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025, Schedule 2, Part 1, makes the no straight ahead sign a prohibitory sign: you must not go straight ahead past it. An empty street, a short stop, or vehicle size does not lift that prohibition.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 14(2)(a); Schedule 2, Part 1","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"},"image":{"src":"/signs/rus-011.svg","alt":"Road sign"}},{"id":"u8-regulatory-0035","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"On a quiet housing estate road you meet this sign. The way ahead is empty. May you go straight on?","options":["Yes, because nothing is coming","Yes, for a quick drop off beyond the sign","No, you must not go straight ahead past the sign","Yes, because the sign applies to large vehicles only"],"correct":2,"explanation":"Under Regulation 14 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025, the no straight ahead sign forbids going straight ahead past it. An empty road, a short drop off, or reading it as a large-vehicle rule does not change that. Exception plates are a separate matter and are not part of this sign on its own.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 14(2)(a); Schedule 2, Part 1","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"},"image":{"src":"/signs/rus-011.svg","alt":"Road sign"}},{"id":"u8-regulatory-0036","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"At a junction on a local road, this sign faces you. What manoeuvre must you not make past it?","options":["The sign allows a right turn when nothing is coming","The sign allows a right turn for a quick drop off","The sign applies to large vehicles only","Turning right past the sign"],"correct":3,"explanation":"Regulation 14 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025, Schedule 2, Part 1, makes the no right turn sign a prohibitory sign: you must not turn right past it. An empty junction, a short drop off, or vehicle size does not lift the prohibition.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 14(2)(a); Schedule 2, Part 1","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"},"image":{"src":"/signs/rus-012.svg","alt":"Road sign"}},{"id":"u8-regulatory-0037","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"You see this sign on a housing estate road. The street to the right is empty and a short detour would take you around the block. May you turn right past the sign?","options":["Yes, because nothing is coming","No, you must not turn right past the sign","Yes, if you signal early","Yes, because the sign applies to large vehicles only"],"correct":1,"explanation":"Under Regulation 14 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025, the no right turn sign forbids a right turn past it. An empty street, an early signal, or a short detour does not authorise the turn. The sign is not limited to large vehicles.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 14(2)(a); Schedule 2, Part 1","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"},"image":{"src":"/signs/rus-012.svg","alt":"Road sign"}},{"id":"u8-regulatory-0038","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"In an industrial estate, this sign faces you at a junction. What manoeuvre must you not make past it?","options":["The sign allows a left turn when nothing is coming","The sign allows a left turn for a quick drop off","Turning left past the sign","The sign applies to large vehicles only"],"correct":2,"explanation":"Regulation 14 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025, Schedule 2, Part 1, makes the no left turn sign a prohibitory sign: you must not turn left past it. That is a different sign from no right turn. An empty road, a short drop off, or vehicle size does not lift the prohibition.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 14(2)(a); Schedule 2, Part 1","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"},"image":{"src":"/signs/rus-013.svg","alt":"Road sign"}},{"id":"u8-regulatory-0039","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"This sign faces you at a quiet rural junction. You could cut the corner and rejoin after a short detour. May you turn left past the sign?","options":["Yes, because nothing is coming","Yes, if you signal early","Yes, because the sign applies to large vehicles only","No, you must not turn left past the sign"],"correct":3,"explanation":"Under Regulation 14 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025, the no left turn sign forbids a left turn past it. An empty junction, an early signal, or a short detour does not change that, and the sign is not limited to large vehicles.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 14(2)(a); Schedule 2, Part 1","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"},"image":{"src":"/signs/rus-013.svg","alt":"Road sign"}},{"id":"u8-regulatory-0040","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"From which point does this sign apply?","options":["From the point on the road where the sign is provided","From the last junction you passed","Only while another vehicle is in sight","Only on a road with a continuous centre line"],"correct":0,"explanation":"Article 10(3) of the Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 bans overtaking on the stretch of road where the no overtaking sign is provided, so the ban runs from the sign itself. It does not reach back to the last junction you passed, it is not limited to times when another vehicle is in sight, and it does not depend on a continuous centre line.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 (S.I. No. 182 of 1997)","provision":"Article 10(3), as substituted by S.I. No. 473 of 2025, reg. 2(c)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/473/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"},"image":{"src":"/signs/rus-014.svg","alt":"Road sign"}},{"id":"u8-regulatory-0041","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"You have driven past the road you wanted on a town street and see this sign. May you turn round past it?","options":["Yes, when the road is clear","Yes, at a gap in a central reserve","No, you must not make a U-turn past the sign","The sign only forbids reversing"],"correct":2,"explanation":"Regulation 14 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025, Schedule 2, Part 1, makes the no U-turn sign a prohibitory sign: you must not make a U-turn past it. A clear road or a gap in a central reserve does not lift that. The sign forbids the U-turn, not reversing as such.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 14(2)(c); Schedule 2, Part 1","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"},"image":{"src":"/signs/rus-017.svg","alt":"Road sign"}},{"id":"u8-regulatory-0042","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"What does a no U-turn sign forbid, as against what a no right turn sign forbids?","options":["Any right turn, including into a side road","Reversing, but a U-turn is still allowed when the road is clear","A U-turn only at a gap in a central reserve","A U-turn past the sign, not a right turn into a side road"],"correct":3,"explanation":"Under Regulation 14 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025, the no U-turn sign and the no right turn sign are different prohibitory signs. No U-turn forbids a U-turn past the sign. No right turn forbids a right turn past its own sign. A clear road does not allow the U-turn, and the sign is not limited to gaps in a central reserve.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 14(2)(c); Schedule 2, Part 1","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u8-regulatory-0043","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"You want to leave the vehicle for a minute on a stretch of town road where this sign stands. What applies?","options":["No vehicle may be parked where the sign is provided","Parking is allowed for up to 30 minutes","Parking is allowed if your hazard lights are on","The sign applies at night only"],"correct":0,"explanation":"Article 36(2)(b) of the Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 says a vehicle must not be parked where the no parking sign is provided, during any period shown on its plate. A short stay does not change that, hazard lights do not make it lawful, and the sign is not limited to night. The clearway sign is the one that also bans stopping.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 (S.I. No. 182 of 1997)","provision":"Article 36(2)(b), as substituted by S.I. No. 332 of 2012, reg. 16(m)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2012/si/332/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"},"image":{"src":"/signs/rus-019.svg","alt":"Road sign"}},{"id":"u8-regulatory-0045","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"This sign stands on a street with a light railway. Who does it bind?","options":["Drivers picking anyone up","Cyclists, so cycling is banned there","Everyone, because it means a pedestrian crossing ahead","People on foot"],"correct":3,"explanation":"Regulation 14 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 provides that this prohibitory sign binds a pedestrian, who must not go past that point on a road with a light railway or ahead of a road tunnel. It does not stop a driver, it does not ban cycling, and it does not mean a pedestrian crossing ahead.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 14(2)(e); Schedule 2, Part 1","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"},"image":{"src":"/signs/rus-038.svg","alt":"Road sign"}},{"id":"u8-regulatory-0046","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"Where is this sign provided, and does it stop a driver?","options":["On a road with a light railway or ahead of a road tunnel, and it does not stop a driver","On any town street, and it stops drivers picking anyone up at the kerb there","Ahead of every junction, and it bans cycling on that street as well as walking","Only at night, and it means a pedestrian crossing ahead of you on the street"],"correct":0,"explanation":"Under Regulation 14 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025, the pedestrian limb of the prohibitory class is provided on a road with a light railway or ahead of a road tunnel. It binds people on foot, not drivers. It is not a cycling ban and it is not a pedestrian crossing sign.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 14(2)(e); Schedule 2, Part 1","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"},"image":{"src":"/signs/rus-038.svg","alt":"Road sign"}},{"id":"u8-regulatory-0047","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"What does the figure on this sign stand for?","options":["The weight of the vehicle, in tonnes","The number of axles","The number of passengers","The number of trailers"],"correct":1,"explanation":"Regulation 15 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 describes the figure on the prohibited vehicles sign as counting axles: the total number of axles specified is one axle multiplied by the figure displayed. It is not a weight in tonnes, not a passenger count, and not a count of trailers.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 15(1), (2)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"},"image":{"src":"/signs/rus-046.svg","alt":"Road sign"}},{"id":"u8-regulatory-0048","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"Who decides the axle figure shown on this sign at a given place?","options":["The driver, from the unladen weight","The vehicle manufacturer, from the passenger count","The road authority","It is a fixed national figure for trailers only"],"correct":2,"explanation":"The figure shown on the prohibited vehicles sign in Part 1 of Schedule 2 to the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 is there for illustration only, and the note to that Part says the figure to be specified at any location is determined by the relevant road authority. Regulation 15 then bars a prohibited vehicle from going past. It is not chosen by the driver or the manufacturer, and it is not a single national trailer figure.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 15(1), (2); Schedule 2, Part 1","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"},"image":{"src":"/signs/rus-046.svg","alt":"Road sign"}},{"id":"u8-regulatory-0049","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"Your lorry and the trailer it tows have more axles between them than the figure on this sign. What must you do?","options":["Not go past the sign","Go past if the weight in tonnes is low","Go past if you carry few passengers","Go past if the extra axles are on a trailer only"],"correct":0,"explanation":"Under Regulation 15 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025, the driver of a prohibited vehicle must not go past the sign. Regulation 2(1) counts every axle that carries weight, on the vehicle and on any trailer it draws, and leaves out vehicles built to carry passengers, which a lorry is not. A low weight or a small passenger load does not lift the ban.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 2(1), Regulation 15(1), (2)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"},"image":{"src":"/signs/rus-046.svg","alt":"Road sign"}},{"id":"u8-regulatory-0050","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"At the entrance to a two-lane tunnel carriageway you see this sign. Which lane must a prohibited vehicle not use inside the tunnel?","options":["Both lanes, so the vehicle may not enter the tunnel","The right-hand lane","Every lane, because the ban applies to every vehicle","The right-hand lane only when the tunnel is quiet"],"correct":1,"explanation":"Regulation 16 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 provides that, at the entrance to a two-lane tunnel carriageway, a prohibited vehicle must not be driven in the right-hand lane inside the tunnel. The ban is on that lane, not on every vehicle, and it does not lift when the tunnel is quiet.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 16(1)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"},"image":{"src":"/signs/rus-047-eisb.png","alt":"Road sign"}},{"id":"u8-regulatory-0051","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"Your vehicle is caught by this sign at the entrance to a two-lane tunnel. May you still enter the tunnel in the left-hand lane?","options":["No, the vehicle may not enter the tunnel at all","No, the ban applies to every vehicle in both lanes","Yes, the vehicle may use the left-hand lane","Only when the tunnel is quiet"],"correct":2,"explanation":"Under Regulation 16 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025, the sign at a two-lane tunnel entrance forbids a prohibited vehicle from using the right-hand lane inside the tunnel. It may still use the left-hand lane. The vehicle is not barred from the tunnel, and the ban does not depend on how busy the tunnel is.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 16(1)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"},"image":{"src":"/signs/rus-047-eisb.png","alt":"Road sign"}},{"id":"u8-regulatory-0052","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"Who must not go past this sign?","options":["Motorcyclists","All two-wheeled vehicles, including mopeds","Cyclists only as advice, so they may still go past","People driving pedal cycles, e-mopeds and electric scooters"],"correct":3,"explanation":"Regulation 17 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 provides that a person driving a pedal cycle, e-moped or electric scooter must not go past the sign. An e-moped is a pedal assisted electric bicycle. Motorcyclists and category AM moped riders are not caught by this sign, and it is not advice.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 17(1)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"},"image":{"src":"/signs/rus-055.svg","alt":"Road sign"}},{"id":"u8-regulatory-0053","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"Does this sign catch a motorcyclist or a moped rider?","options":["Yes, it stops motorcycles","No, it does not bind motorcyclists or moped riders","Yes, it stops all two-wheeled vehicles","It is advisory for cyclists and binding for motorcyclists"],"correct":1,"explanation":"Under Regulation 17 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025, the sign binds a person driving a pedal cycle, e-moped or electric scooter. A motorcyclist or a category AM moped rider is not in that list. The sign is not a ban on all two-wheeled vehicles, and it is not advisory.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 17(1)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"},"image":{"src":"/signs/rus-055.svg","alt":"Road sign"}},{"id":"u8-regulatory-0054","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"You are on horseback on a rural local road and meet this sign. What applies?","options":["Only ridden horses on market days are caught","The sign catches dogs on a lead, not horses","You must not go past the sign","The sign applies only on market days"],"correct":2,"explanation":"Regulation 18 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 provides that a person riding, leading or driving a horse or animal, or in charge of one, must not go past the sign. A rider on horseback is caught. The sign is not limited to market days.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 18(1), (4)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"},"image":{"src":"/signs/rus-056.svg","alt":"Road sign"}},{"id":"u8-regulatory-0055","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"Leading a horse on foot along a country road, you meet this sign. Are you caught?","options":["No, only ridden horses are caught","No, unless the horse is on a market day","Yes, but only if you also have a dog on a lead","Yes, a person leading a horse must not go past"],"correct":3,"explanation":"Under Regulation 18 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025, a person leading a horse, as well as a person riding or driving one, must not go past the sign. The ban is not limited to ridden horses or to market days. A cat or a dog is not an animal for this sign.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 18(1), (4)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"},"image":{"src":"/signs/rus-056.svg","alt":"Road sign"}},{"id":"u8-regulatory-0056","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"While walking a dog on a lead you come to this sign. Does it stop you?","options":["No, a cat or a dog is not an animal for this sign","Yes, dogs on a lead are caught","Yes, only ridden horses are excluded","Yes, but only on market days"],"correct":0,"explanation":"Regulation 18 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 says that, for this sign, animal does not include a cat or a dog. A person walking a dog is not bound by it. People riding, leading or driving a horse or other animal still must not go past.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 18(1), (4)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"},"image":{"src":"/signs/rus-056.svg","alt":"Road sign"}},{"id":"u8-regulatory-0057","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"A pony and trap is on a local road where this sign stands. What applies?","options":["The sign bans horse riding, not a trap","The sign bans farm tractors","The person driving it must not go past the sign","The sign applies only at night"],"correct":2,"explanation":"Regulation 19 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 provides that a person driving or in charge of an animal-drawn vehicle must not go past the sign. A pony and trap is such a vehicle. The sign does not ban horse riding as such, it does not ban farm tractors, and it is not limited to night.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 19(1)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"},"image":{"src":"/signs/rus-057.svg","alt":"Road sign"}},{"id":"u8-regulatory-0058","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"Who does this sign bind?","options":["Anyone riding a horse","Drivers of farm tractors","Drivers of animal-drawn vehicles at night only","A person driving or in charge of a vehicle drawn by an animal"],"correct":3,"explanation":"Under Regulation 19 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025, the sign binds a person driving or in charge of an animal-drawn vehicle. It is not a horse-riding ban, it is not a tractor ban, and it is not limited to night.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 19(1)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"},"image":{"src":"/signs/rus-057.svg","alt":"Road sign"}},{"id":"u8-regulatory-0059","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"A van carrying explosive material reaches this sign at a tunnel entrance. What must the driver do?","options":["Not go past the sign","Go past if the vehicle is not a tanker","Go past outside busy hours","Go past if the quantity is small"],"correct":0,"explanation":"Regulation 20 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 provides that, at or near a tunnel entrance, the driver of a vehicle carrying explosive material must not go past the sign. The ban is not limited to tankers, it does not lift outside busy hours, and a small quantity is not an exception in that provision.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 20(1), (4)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"},"image":{"src":"/signs/rus-062.svg","alt":"Road sign"}},{"id":"u8-regulatory-0060","exams":["BW","AM"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"You are towing a trailer that carries explosive material and meet this sign at a tunnel entrance. Are you caught?","options":["No, the ban applies only to tankers and not to a trailer","Yes, a vehicle towing one that carries the material must not go past","No, the ban lifts outside busy hours at the tunnel","No, a small quantity in a trailer is allowed past the sign"],"correct":1,"explanation":"Under Regulation 20 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025, the driver of a vehicle, or of any vehicle being drawn by a vehicle, carrying explosive material must not go past the sign at or near a tunnel entrance. Towing a trailer that carries the material is caught. The ban is not limited to tankers, hours, or a large quantity.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 20(1), (4)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"},"image":{"src":"/signs/rus-062.svg","alt":"Road sign"}},{"id":"u8-regulatory-0061","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"Before a large public event, this sign stands at the entrance to an area. What does it tell drivers?","options":["The sign is a temporary suggestion for the event and may be ignored if the street is empty","Parking is free during the event on every public road in the area","The sign bans driving in the area, not merely parking on those roads","Council bye-laws prohibit or restrict parking on that road, or on all roads in the area"],"correct":3,"explanation":"Regulation 21 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 provides that this sign tells drivers of mechanically propelled vehicles that bye-laws prohibit or restrict parking on that public road, or on all public roads in the specified area. It is not a suggestion, it does not make parking free, and it does not ban driving through the area.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 21(1)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"},"image":{"src":"/signs/rus-063.svg","alt":"Road sign"}},{"id":"u8-regulatory-0062","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"Where does the parking prohibition come from when this sign is put up for an event?","options":["Council bye-laws, which the sign makes known","A temporary suggestion on the sign itself","A rule that parking is free during the event","A ban on driving in the area"],"correct":0,"explanation":"Under Regulation 21 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025, the sign indicates that bye-laws have been made and apply a prohibition or restriction on parking. The sign makes those bye-laws known. It is not itself a suggestion, a free-parking rule, or a ban on driving.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 21(1)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"},"image":{"src":"/signs/rus-063.svg","alt":"Road sign"}},{"id":"u8-regulatory-0063","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"What does the figure on this sign show?","options":["The height of your vehicle","The height of the structure, in metres","The width of the arch","The height in feet"],"correct":1,"explanation":"Regulation 23 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 provides that the height restriction sign, when provided on or near a structure, indicates the height of the structure in metres. The figure is not the height of your vehicle, not the width of the arch, and not a measurement in feet.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 23(1), (2)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"},"image":{"src":"/signs/rus-016.svg","alt":"Road sign"}},{"id":"u8-regulatory-0064","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"You are approaching a low bridge and see this sign. What is the figure on it?","options":["The height of your vehicle, in metres","The width of the arch, in metres","The height of the structure, in metres","The height of the structure, in feet"],"correct":2,"explanation":"Under Regulation 23 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025, the sign shows the height of the structure in metres. It does not show the height of your vehicle, the width of the arch, or a figure in feet. Article 34 of the Road Traffic (Traffic and Parking) Regulations 1997 then bars a vehicle whose height, load included, equals or exceeds that figure from going past the sign.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 23(1), (2)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"},"image":{"src":"/signs/rus-016.svg","alt":"Road sign"}},{"id":"u8-regulatory-0065","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"At the entrance to a street you see this sign. What must a driver do?","options":["Not go past the sign","Go past for a quick delivery","Go past if you reverse in","Go past if you are on a motorcycle"],"correct":0,"explanation":"Regulation 24 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 provides that, at the entrance to a road, a driver of a vehicle must not go past the no entry sign. A short delivery, reversing in, or being on a motorcycle does not lift that duty unless a separate cyclist plate applies.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 24(1), (2), (4)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"},"image":{"src":"/signs/rus-050-eisb.png","alt":"Road sign"}},{"id":"u8-regulatory-0066","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"This sign stands at a street that looks empty, and the detour is long. What must you do?","options":["Go past for a quick delivery because the street is empty","Not go past the sign","Go past if you reverse in from the far end","Go past on a motorcycle"],"correct":1,"explanation":"Under Regulation 24 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025, a driver must not proceed beyond the no entry sign at the entrance to a road. An empty street, a long detour, a reverse entry, or a motorcycle does not change that, unless a cyclist exception plate is provided.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 24(1), (2), (4)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"},"image":{"src":"/signs/rus-050-eisb.png","alt":"Road sign"}},{"id":"u8-regulatory-0067","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"A plate under a no entry to vehicles sign reads Except Cyclists. Who does that plate let through?","options":["Motorcyclists","Anyone making a quick delivery","Pedal cyclists","Anyone who reverses in"],"correct":2,"explanation":"Regulation 24 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 allows a plate under the no entry sign reading Except Cyclists, which means the prohibition does not apply to pedal cyclists or to e-moped or electric scooter drivers. Motorcyclists stay bound, and a delivery or a reverse entry is not an exception.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 24(1), (2), (4)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u8-regulatory-0068","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"The cyclist plate under a no entry to vehicles sign is showing. Does it also cover e-moped and electric scooter drivers?","options":["No, it covers motorcycles instead of pedal cyclists","No, it covers only pedal cyclists making a delivery on that street","No, it only covers someone who reverses in from the far end of the street","Yes, it covers e-moped and electric scooter drivers as well as pedal cyclists"],"correct":3,"explanation":"Under Regulation 24 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025, the Except Cyclists plate under the no entry sign lifts the prohibition for pedal cyclists and for e-moped or electric scooter drivers. An e-moped is a pedal assisted electric bicycle. Motorcycles are not covered, and a delivery or reverse entry is not the test.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 24(1), (2), (4)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u8-regulatory-0069","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"You are driving a long vehicle and meet this sign. Which length does it limit?","options":["The length of the load only, ignoring the length of the vehicle itself","The overall length of the vehicle, or of the combination of vehicles, in metres","The length of the towing vehicle only, ignoring any trailer behind it","The wheelbase measured from the front axle to the rear axle"],"correct":1,"explanation":"Regulation 25 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 provides that a driver must not go past if the overall length of the vehicle, or of a combination of vehicles, exceeds the length specified on the sign in metres. The load length alone, the towing vehicle alone, and the wheelbase are not the test.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 25(1)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"},"image":{"src":"/signs/rus-051-eisb.png","alt":"Road sign"}},{"id":"u8-regulatory-0070","exams":["BW","AM"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"Towing a trailer on a rural road, you meet this sign. Which length counts?","options":["The length of the load on the trailer only","The length of the towing vehicle only","The overall length of the combination of vehicles","The wheelbase of the towing vehicle"],"correct":2,"explanation":"Under Regulation 25 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025, the sign limits the overall length of the vehicle or of the combination of vehicles. When you are towing, the combination counts, not the towing vehicle alone, the load alone, or the wheelbase.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 25(1)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"},"image":{"src":"/signs/rus-051-eisb.png","alt":"Road sign"}},{"id":"u8-regulatory-0071","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"What does the figure on this sign limit?","options":["The width of the road","The height of the vehicle","The overall length of the vehicle, in metres","The width of the vehicle, in metres"],"correct":3,"explanation":"Regulation 26 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 provides that the driver of a vehicle whose width exceeds the width specified on the sign, in metres, must not go past. The figure is not the width of the road, and it is not a height or length limit.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 26(1)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"},"image":{"src":"/signs/rus-052.svg","alt":"Road sign"}},{"id":"u8-regulatory-0072","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"With a wide load, your vehicle is over the figure on this sign. What must you do?","options":["Not go past the sign","Go past because the figure is the width of the road","Go past because the sign limits length rather than width","Treat the figure as a height limit instead"],"correct":0,"explanation":"Under Regulation 26 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025, if the width of the vehicle exceeds the figure on the sign, the driver must not go past. The figure is the vehicle width in metres, not the width of the road and not a height.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 26(1)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"},"image":{"src":"/signs/rus-052.svg","alt":"Road sign"}},{"id":"u8-regulatory-0073","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"Your lorry weighs less than the figure on this sign when it is empty, but its design gross vehicle weight is over the figure. May you drive past the sign while it is empty?","options":["Yes, because its actual weight while empty is under the figure","Yes, because the load alone would be under the figure","No, its design gross vehicle weight is over the figure, so you must not go past","Yes, because the weight on each axle is under the figure"],"correct":2,"explanation":"Regulation 27 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 tests the design gross vehicle weight, which is fixed for the vehicle and does not change with the load. If that weight is over the figure on the sign, the driver must not go past, even with the lorry empty. The actual weight on the day, the load alone and the weight on one axle are not the test.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 27(1); Schedule 2, Part 2","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"},"image":{"src":"/signs/rus-053.svg","alt":"Road sign"}},{"id":"u8-regulatory-0074","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"What unit is shown on a maximum design gross vehicle weight sign?","options":["The unladen weight in kilograms","The weight of the load alone in kilograms","The weight on one axle in kilograms","Tonnes"],"correct":3,"explanation":"Under Regulation 27 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025, the sign displays figures with the unit t, meaning the design gross vehicle weight in tonnes. It is not an unladen weight, not the weight of the load alone, and not an axle weight.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 27(1); Schedule 2, Part 2","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u8-regulatory-0075","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"How does the maximum design gross vehicle weight sign differ from the maximum vehicle axle loading weight sign?","options":["This sign limits design gross vehicle weight, not the weight on an axle","This sign limits the unladen weight of the vehicle when empty","This sign limits the weight of the load alone, not the vehicle","This sign limits the weight on one axle of the vehicle"],"correct":0,"explanation":"Regulation 27 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 limits design gross vehicle weight in tonnes. The axle loading weight sign is a different sign under Regulation 28. Unladen weight and the weight of the load alone are not the test for either sign.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 27(1); Schedule 2, Part 2","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u8-regulatory-0076","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"Which weight does this sign limit?","options":["The design gross vehicle weight","The axle loading weight, in tonnes","The weight per wheel","The weight of the trailer"],"correct":1,"explanation":"Regulation 28 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 provides that the driver of a vehicle whose axle loading weight exceeds the figure on the sign, in tonnes, must not go past. That is not the design gross vehicle weight, not a per-wheel figure, and not the trailer weight as such.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 28(1)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"},"image":{"src":"/signs/rus-054.svg","alt":"Road sign"}},{"id":"u8-regulatory-0077","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"Your total weight is under the figure on this sign, but your heaviest axle is over it. What must you do?","options":["Go past because the design gross vehicle weight is under the figure","Go past because the weight per wheel is under the figure","Go past because the trailer is under the figure","Not go past the sign"],"correct":3,"explanation":"Under Regulation 28 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025, the test is the vehicle axle loading weight, not the total or design gross vehicle weight, not the weight per wheel, and not the trailer weight. If the heaviest axle is over the figure, you must not go past.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 28(1)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"},"image":{"src":"/signs/rus-054.svg","alt":"Road sign"}},{"id":"u8-regulatory-0078","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"At a junction with a major road, this sign faces you. What does it require?","options":["Yield right of way to traffic on the major road ahead","Always come to a full stop","Take priority when turning left","Yield only to traffic coming from your right"],"correct":0,"explanation":"Regulation 29 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 provides that the yield sign indicates that traffic shall yield right of way to traffic on a major road ahead. It does not always require a full stop, it does not give you priority, and the duty is owed to all traffic on the major road, not only traffic from your right.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 29(2), (3)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"},"image":{"src":"/signs/rus-026.svg","alt":"Road sign"}},{"id":"u8-regulatory-0079","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"The sign at a rural junction reads Géill Slí. What sign is that?","options":["A different sign used only in Irish-speaking areas","The same yield sign as one that reads Yield or Yield Right of Way","A stop sign with an Irish legend","A sign that always requires a full stop"],"correct":1,"explanation":"Under Regulation 29 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025, the yield sign may show Yield, Yield Right of Way, or Géill Slí. All three legends are the same sign. The Irish legend is not a different sign and it does not turn the yield sign into a stop sign.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 29(2), (3)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u8-regulatory-0080","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"The major road is clear and this sign faces you at the junction. Does it require a full stop?","options":["Yes, it always means stop","Yes, except when you are turning left","No, it requires you to yield right of way, not always to stop","Yes, if you are driving a large vehicle"],"correct":2,"explanation":"Regulation 29 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 requires traffic facing the yield sign to yield right of way to traffic on the major road ahead. It does not always require a full stop, it does not give left-turn priority, and the rule is the same whatever you are driving.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 29(2), (3)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"},"image":{"src":"/signs/rus-026.svg","alt":"Road sign"}},{"id":"u8-regulatory-0081","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"Before a major road, you face this sign. What does it require?","options":["Stop before entering the major road","Slow right down and go if the road is clear","Stop only when traffic is coming","Stop only if you are turning right"],"correct":0,"explanation":"Regulation 29 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 provides that the stop sign indicates that traffic shall stop before entering a major road. Slowing and continuing, or stopping only when traffic is coming, does not meet that requirement, and the duty applies whichever way you are turning.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 29(4), (5)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"},"image":{"src":"/signs/rus-027.svg","alt":"Road sign"}},{"id":"u8-regulatory-0082","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"You face this sign at a quiet industrial estate junction with a clear view both ways. What does it require?","options":["Slow right down and go if clear","Stop before entering the major road","Stop only when traffic is coming","Stop only if your view of the major road is blocked"],"correct":1,"explanation":"Under Regulation 29 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025, the stop sign still requires traffic to stop before entering the major road. A quiet junction and a clear view do not turn it into a yield, and the duty to stop does not depend on whether your view is blocked.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 29(4), (5)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"},"image":{"src":"/signs/rus-027.svg","alt":"Road sign"}},{"id":"u8-regulatory-0083","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"What legend does a stop sign show?","options":["A word that varies from place to place","Slow, so you may go if the road is clear","The word Stop","Stop only when traffic is coming"],"correct":2,"explanation":"Regulation 29 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 describes the stop sign as a red octagon showing the word Stop. The legend does not vary from place to place, and it does not mean slow and go if clear.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 29(4), (5)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u8-regulatory-0084","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"For the yield and stop signs, does traffic include a tram?","options":["Yes, it includes trams","Yes, but only on a tram-only street","Yes, except where trams have their own signals","No, traffic does not include a light rail vehicle"],"correct":3,"explanation":"Regulation 29 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 says that, for the yield and stop signs, a reference to traffic does not include a light rail vehicle. The provision does not add a tram driving rule, and it does not bring trams in on tram-only streets or outside their own signals.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 29(1)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u8-regulatory-0085","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"What makes a lane a bus lane?","options":["The painted line alone","The bus lane sign together with the bus lane marking","The colour of the lane surface","A sign at either end of the street, without the marking"],"correct":1,"explanation":"Regulation 10 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 provides that the nearside or offside with-flow bus lane sign, together with the bus lane marking, indicates a bus lane, and that the contra-flow sign with that marking indicates a contra-flow bus lane. The line alone, the surface colour, or a sign without the marking is not enough.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 10(1)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u8-regulatory-0086","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"Are the nearside, offside and contra-flow bus lane signs the same sign?","options":["Yes, the painted line alone makes the lane a bus lane","Yes, the lane colour is what matters","No, they are three separate signs","Yes, a sign at either end is enough for all three"],"correct":2,"explanation":"Under Regulation 10 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025, the nearside with-flow, offside with-flow and contra-flow bus lane signs are three separate signs. Each works with the bus lane marking. The painted line alone, the lane colour, or a single sign at one end does not replace that.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 10(1)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u8-regulatory-0087","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"What does a bus stop sign mark?","options":["A taxi rank","A place where any vehicle may wait for one minute","A school pick up point","A stopping place or stand for large public service vehicles"],"correct":3,"explanation":"Regulation 11 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 provides that the bus stop sign indicates a stopping place or stand for large public service vehicles. It is not a taxi rank, not a one-minute wait for any vehicle, and not a school pick up point.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 11(1)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u8-regulatory-0088","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"What indicates a tram lane, and are the nearside and offside signs the same?","options":["The tram lane sign together with the tram lane line, and nearside and offside are separate signs","The rails in the street alone, without any tram lane sign or tram lane line beside them","A single white line painted alone, without the tram lane sign, is enough to indicate the lane","A blue disc on its own, without a tram lane line, is enough to indicate the lane"],"correct":0,"explanation":"Regulation 90 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 provides that the nearside or offside tram lane sign, together with the tram lane line, indicates a tram lane. Nearside and offside are separate signs. The rails alone, a white line alone, or a blue disc alone does not indicate the lane.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 90(1)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u8-markings-0001","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"What is a continuous white line along the centre of the roadway?","options":["A broken centre line that marks the edge of the road","A yellow line along the centre","A continuous centre line","A line that always sits exactly in the middle and nowhere else"],"correct":2,"explanation":"Regulation 58 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 provides for a continuous white line along the centre of the roadway as a continuous centre line. Centre lines are white, not yellow. A broken centre line is a different marking, and the continuous line may also be laid away from the centre where the lane layout makes that right.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 58(1), (2)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u8-markings-0002","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"What is a broken white line along the centre of the roadway?","options":["A marking of the edge of the road","A yellow centre line","A continuous centre line that always sits exactly in the middle","A broken centre line"],"correct":3,"explanation":"Under Regulation 58 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025, a broken white line extending along the centre of the roadway is a broken centre line. It is not an edge marking, it is not yellow, and it is not the continuous centre line.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 58(1), (2)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u8-markings-0003","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"May a continuous white centre line be laid away from the exact middle of the roadway?","options":["Yes, where that is right for the layout of the traffic lanes","No, a continuous centre line always marks the middle exactly","No, because centre lines are yellow","No, a broken centre line is the only marking that can sit off centre"],"correct":0,"explanation":"Regulation 58 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 allows the continuous centre line to be provided along a roadway other than at the centre where that is appropriate for the layout of traffic lanes. It is still a white line, not yellow, and it is not confined to the geometric middle.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 58(1), (2)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u8-markings-0004","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"What does a lane line mark?","options":["The centre of the road","The boundary of a traffic lane","A cycle track","A bus lane"],"correct":1,"explanation":"Regulation 59 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 provides that a lane line is a broken white line that indicates the boundary of a traffic lane. It is not a centre line, not a cycle track marking, and not a bus lane marking.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 59","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u8-markings-0005","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"On a wide national road you see a broken white line dividing two streams in the same direction. Is that a centre line?","options":["Yes, it marks the centre of the road on a wide national road","Yes, it marks a cycle track beside the national road","Yes, it marks a bus lane on that national road","No, a lane line marks the boundary of a traffic lane"],"correct":3,"explanation":"Under Regulation 59 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025, a broken white lane line marks the boundary of a traffic lane. A centre line is a different marking under Regulation 58. A lane line is not a cycle track or a bus lane.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 59","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u8-markings-0006","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"A white arrow painted in your lane points straight ahead. What must traffic in that lane do?","options":["Go straight ahead","Treat the arrow as a suggestion when the lane is empty","Read it as showing where other traffic will go","Obey it only at traffic lights"],"correct":0,"explanation":"Regulation 60 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 provides that a white arrow painted in a lane shows the direction in which traffic in that lane must go. A straight-ahead arrow requires traffic in that lane to go straight ahead. It is not a suggestion, not a hint about other traffic, and not limited to traffic lights.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 60","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u8-markings-0007","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"A white arrow painted in your lane points left. What must traffic in that lane do?","options":["Treat the arrow as a suggestion when the lane is empty","Turn left","Read it as showing where other traffic will go","Obey it only at traffic lights"],"correct":1,"explanation":"Under Regulation 60 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025, a white arrow pointing or curved to the left shows that traffic in that lane must go left. An empty lane, other traffic, or the absence of traffic lights does not turn the arrow into advice.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 60","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u8-markings-0008","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"A white arrow painted in your lane points right. What must traffic in that lane do?","options":["Treat the arrow as a suggestion when the lane is empty","Read it as showing where other traffic will go","Turn right","Obey it only at traffic lights"],"correct":2,"explanation":"Regulation 60 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 provides that a white arrow pointing or curved to the right shows that traffic in that lane must go right. That is a different arrow from the left arrow. It is not a suggestion and not limited to traffic lights.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 60","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u8-markings-0009","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"A white arrow painted in your lane points left and straight ahead. What must traffic in that lane do?","options":["Go left or straight ahead","Treat the arrow as a suggestion when the lane is empty","Read it as showing where other traffic will go","Obey it only at traffic lights"],"correct":0,"explanation":"Under Regulation 60 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025, a white arrow pointing left and straight ahead shows the directions in which traffic in that lane must go: left or straight ahead. It is not advice, not a map of other traffic, and not limited to traffic lights.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 60","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u8-markings-0010","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"A white arrow painted in your lane points right and straight ahead. What must traffic in that lane do?","options":["Treat the arrow as a suggestion when the lane is empty","Go right or straight ahead","Read it as showing where other traffic will go","Obey it only at traffic lights"],"correct":1,"explanation":"Regulation 60 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 provides that a white arrow pointing right and straight ahead shows those two permitted directions for traffic in that lane. It is a different arrow from left and straight ahead. It is not a suggestion and not limited to traffic lights.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 60","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u8-markings-0011","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"A white arrow painted in your lane points left and right. What must traffic in that lane do?","options":["Treat the arrow as a suggestion when the lane is empty","Read it as showing where other traffic will go","Go left or right","Obey it only at traffic lights"],"correct":2,"explanation":"Under Regulation 60 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025, a white arrow pointing left and right shows that traffic in that lane must go left or right. It does not authorise going straight ahead. It is not advice and not limited to traffic lights.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 60","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u8-markings-0012","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"The word LOADING is painted in white on the roadway between two end lines. What does that marking show?","options":["A bus stop","A lay-by for any vehicle","A taxi rank","A loading bay"],"correct":3,"explanation":"Regulation 64 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 provides that the loading bay marking consists of the word LOADING in white, with two end lines. It shows where a loading bay is. It is not a bus stop, not a lay-by for any vehicle, and not a taxi stand.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 64(1), (2)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u8-markings-0013","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"You see a bay on a town street with LOADING painted in white between end lines. What is that bay?","options":["A bus stop","A loading bay","A lay-by any vehicle may use","A taxi rank"],"correct":1,"explanation":"Under Regulation 64 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025, that marking indicates the location of a loading bay. The word and the end lines are what identify it. It is not a bus stop, a general lay-by, or a taxi stand.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 64(1), (2)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u8-markings-0014","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"What do parking bay markings show?","options":["A guide only, with no legal meaning on a public road in a town or in the country","Bays that apply only where there is a pay machine beside them on the street","Parking bays, and their buffer areas where those are provided, on a public road","A rule that a long vehicle may take two bays as of right on that street"],"correct":2,"explanation":"Regulation 66 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 provides that the bay markings indicate parking bays, and associated buffer areas where provided, in any place on a public road. They are not a mere guide, they do not depend on a machine, and they do not authorise taking two bays.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 66(1)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u8-markings-0015","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"Parallel parking bays are marked with buffer zones between them. What is the buffer area?","options":["A guide only that you may park in","An area that applies only where there is a machine","Extra space a long vehicle may take as a second bay","An area between two parking bays, shown by the same markings"],"correct":3,"explanation":"Regulation 2 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 defines a buffer area as an area between two parking bays, and Regulation 66 provides that the parallel bay markings with buffer zones indicate parking bays and associated buffer areas. The buffer is not a second parking bay, not a machine-only rule, and not a mere guide.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 2(1); Regulation 66(1)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u8-markings-0016","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"You see parking bays marked at right angles to the kerb, and others marked at an angle. What are those markings?","options":["Perpendicular and angled parking bay markings","A guide only","Markings that apply only where there is a machine","A layout that lets a long vehicle take two bays"],"correct":0,"explanation":"Regulation 66 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 includes perpendicular parking bay markings and angled parking bay markings among the signs that indicate parking bays on a public road. They are not a mere guide, they do not depend on a machine, and they do not authorise taking two bays.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 66(1)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u8-markings-0017","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"A stretch of kerb has parking marked without individual bay lines. What can that marking still show?","options":["A guide only, because there are no individual lines","Bays that apply only where there is a machine","Parking bays, using the parallel layout with no individual bays","A rule that a long vehicle may take two bays"],"correct":2,"explanation":"Under Regulation 66 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025, the parallel parking bay marking with no individual bays still indicates parking bays on a public road. Missing individual lines does not make it a mere guide, a machine-only rule, or a two-bay permission.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 66(1)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u8-markings-0018","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"What does a disabled persons' parking bay marking show?","options":["A loading bay","A recharging bay","An advisory space unless an upright sign is also present","A disabled persons' parking bay"],"correct":3,"explanation":"Regulation 67 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 provides that this marking indicates a disabled persons' parking bay. It is not a loading bay or a recharging bay, and the marking itself is what shows the bay.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 67(1)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u8-markings-0019","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"You see a disabled persons' parking bay marking on the roadway and no upright sign beside it. What does the marking show?","options":["A disabled persons' parking bay","A loading bay until a sign is added","A recharging bay","An advisory space because there is no upright sign"],"correct":0,"explanation":"Under Regulation 67 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025, the marking indicates a disabled persons' parking bay. An upright sign is not required for that indication. It is not a loading bay or a recharging bay, and it is not merely advisory without a post.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 67(1)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u8-markings-0020","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"Which markings may be used to show a pay parking area?","options":["Only perpendicular bays","The parking bay markings, including the disabled persons' bay marking","A marking used only for pay parking and for nothing else","Bay markings never show pay parking"],"correct":1,"explanation":"Regulation 68 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 provides that the parallel, perpendicular, angled and no-individual-bay markings, and the disabled persons' parking bay marking, may be provided to indicate a pay parking area. Pay parking does not need its own unique marking, and it is not limited to perpendicular bays.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 68(1)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u8-markings-0021","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"May a disabled persons' bay marking be used in a pay parking area?","options":["No, only perpendicular bays may be used to show a pay parking area","No, pay parking needs its own marking that is not a bay marking","No, bay markings never show pay parking on a public road","Yes, that marking may be used to show a pay parking area"],"correct":3,"explanation":"Under Regulation 68 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025, the disabled persons' parking bay marking is listed among the markings that may be provided to indicate a pay parking area. It is not excluded, and pay parking does not require a separate unique marking.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 68(1)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u8-markings-0022","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"The word TAXIS is painted in white on the roadway between end lines. What does that marking show?","options":["A taxi stand","A bus stop","A loading bay","A pay parking area"],"correct":0,"explanation":"Regulation 80 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 provides that the taxi stand marking consists of the word TAXIS in white, with end lines, and indicates the location of a stand for taxis. It is not a bus stop, a loading bay, or a pay parking area.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 80(1), (2)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u8-markings-0023","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"You want to wait at a marking that reads TAXIS in white between end lines while a passenger walks over. What is that marking?","options":["A bus stop","A taxi stand","A loading bay","A pay parking area"],"correct":1,"explanation":"Under Regulation 80 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025, that marking shows where a taxi stand is. It is not a bus stop, a loading bay, or a pay parking area. The marking tells you what the place is.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 80(1), (2)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u8-markings-0024","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"What do bus stop markings show?","options":["A place any vehicle may stop for one minute while waiting for a passenger to return to the vehicle after leaving a shop","A line-up area for buses only, with no effect on other vehicles that stop or park there beside the kerb","The area at a bus stopping place or stand in which vehicles other than large public service vehicles must not be stopped or parked","A loading bay marked for goods vehicles unloading at the kerb for as long as the driver needs to stay"],"correct":2,"explanation":"Regulation 81 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 provides that bus stop markings indicate the area at a stopping place or stand for large public service vehicles within which other vehicles are not to be stopped or parked. They are not a one-minute wait, not a loading bay, and not a marking with no effect on other vehicles.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 81(1)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u8-markings-0025","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"Which vehicles may stop or park inside bus stop markings?","options":["Large public service vehicles","Any vehicle, for one minute","Any vehicle lining up behind a bus","Goods vehicles using it as a loading bay"],"correct":0,"explanation":"Under Regulation 81 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025, the markings show the area in which vehicles other than large public service vehicles must not be stopped or parked. A one-minute wait, lining up, or treating it as a loading bay does not authorise other vehicles.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 81(1)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u8-markings-0026","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"You stop inside bus stop markings to let a passenger out. Are you allowed to do that in a vehicle that is not a large public service vehicle?","options":["Yes, any vehicle may stop for one minute","No, other vehicles must not be stopped or parked there","Yes, the markings are only for buses to line up in","Yes, they mark a loading bay"],"correct":1,"explanation":"Regulation 81 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 forbids vehicles other than large public service vehicles from being stopped or parked in that area. Letting a passenger out is still a stop. The markings are not a one-minute concession, a line-up only, or a loading bay.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 81(1)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u8-markings-0027","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"What words may be painted on a car share parking bay?","options":["Any car with two or more people aboard","TAXI, because it is a taxi bay","Car Share, Car Club, or Car Club Only","A legend that any electric vehicle may use it"],"correct":2,"explanation":"Regulation 83 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 provides that the car share parking bay marking consists of the words Car Share, Car Club, or Car Club Only, written on the roadway in white. It is not a bay for any car with passengers, not a taxi stand, and not a bay for electric vehicles of any kind.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulations 83(1), (2) and 84(1), (2)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u8-markings-0028","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"How does a car share parking bay differ from an ordinary parking bay?","options":["Any car with two or more people aboard may use it as an ordinary bay","It is a taxi bay","It is a bay for electric vehicles of any kind","The words Car Share, Car Club, or Car Club Only mark it as a car share bay"],"correct":3,"explanation":"Under Regulation 83 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025, those words indicate a car share vehicle parking bay, which is not an ordinary parking bay. Occupancy of the vehicle, a taxi, or an electric vehicle of any kind is not what the marking shows.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulations 83(1), (2) and 84(1), (2)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u8-markings-0029","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"A car share bay also has the electrically powered vehicle symbol painted on it. What is that bay?","options":["An ordinary parking bay for any car with passengers","A car share recharging and parking bay","A taxi bay","A bay for electric vehicles of any kind, without the car share words"],"correct":1,"explanation":"Regulation 84 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 provides that the car share electrically powered vehicle recharging and parking bay has the electrically powered vehicle symbol and the words Car Share. The symbol on its own, without those words, is a different marking.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulations 83(1), (2) and 84(1), (2)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u8-markings-0030","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"The electrically powered vehicle symbol is painted in white on the roadway, without car share words. What does that marking show?","options":["A parking bay for any small vehicle","A disabled persons' parking bay","An electrically powered vehicle recharging bay","A bay for hybrid vehicles"],"correct":2,"explanation":"Regulation 85 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 provides that the electrically powered vehicle symbol painted in white on the roadway indicates an electrically powered vehicle recharging bay. It is not a general small-vehicle bay, a disabled persons' bay, or a hybrid-vehicle bay.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 85(1), (2)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u8-markings-0031","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"How does an electrically powered vehicle recharging bay marking differ from a car share recharging bay?","options":["Both mark a parking bay for any small vehicle, with no further distinction between them","Both mark a disabled persons' bay, whether or not the electrically powered vehicle symbol is shown","Both mark a bay for hybrid vehicles as well as for fully electric vehicles","The recharging bay is the symbol alone; the car share recharging bay adds the car share words"],"correct":3,"explanation":"Under Regulation 85 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025, the recharging bay is the electrically powered vehicle symbol in white. Regulation 84 adds the words Car Share to that symbol for the car share recharging and parking bay. Neither marking is a small-vehicle bay, a disabled persons' bay, or a hybrid-vehicle bay.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 85(1), (2)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u8-markings-0032","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"A continuous white line runs along a lane with the words LÁNA BUS painted in white. What is that?","options":["The bus lane marking","A marking that means taxis only","An advisory line with no legal meaning","A marking that, by the words alone, makes the lane a bus lane"],"correct":0,"explanation":"Regulation 75 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 describes the bus lane marking as a continuous white line with the words LÁNA BUS in white. That marking, with the bus lane sign, indicates a bus lane. The words alone do not suffice, it is not advisory, and it does not mean taxis only.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 75(1), (2)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u8-markings-0033","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"Does the bus lane marking work on its own, or with the upright bus lane sign?","options":["The words alone make the lane a bus lane without any upright sign","The marking is advisory and does not indicate a bus lane on its own","The marking and the upright sign work together to indicate a bus lane","The marking means taxis only, without any bus being allowed in the lane"],"correct":2,"explanation":"Under Regulation 75 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025, the bus lane marking indicates a bus lane in association with the nearside, offside or contra-flow bus lane sign. The words alone do not make the lane, the marking is not advisory, and it does not mean taxis only.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 75(1), (2)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u8-markings-0034","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"What is a continuous white line along a tram lane?","options":["An ordinary lane line","A no overtaking line","The edge of the roadway","The tram lane line"],"correct":3,"explanation":"Regulation 90 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 provides that the tram lane line is a continuous white line which, with the tram lane sign, indicates a tram lane. It is not an ordinary lane line, not a no overtaking marking, and not an edge of roadway marking.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 90(1), (4)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u8-markings-0035","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"Does the tram lane line work on its own, or with the tram lane sign?","options":["The line and the tram lane sign work together to indicate a tram lane","It is an ordinary lane line on its own, with no tram meaning","It means no overtaking on its own, without any tram lane sign","It marks the edge of the roadway on its own, without a tram lane sign"],"correct":0,"explanation":"Under Regulation 90 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025, the nearside or offside tram lane sign, in association with the tram lane line, indicates a tram lane. The line is not an ordinary lane line, a no overtaking marking, or an edge marking.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 90(1), (4)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u8-markings-0036","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"What does a tram stop line mark?","options":["The point where other traffic must stop when a tram is approaching","The point beyond which a light rail vehicle must not go when it is stopping","A tram platform edge marked for boarding and alighting passengers","A pedestrian crossing marked across the tram street"],"correct":1,"explanation":"Regulation 88 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 provides that the tram stop line indicates the point beyond which a light rail vehicle shall not proceed when stopping in compliance with the relevant tram signal or stop sign. It is not a stop line for other traffic, a platform marking, or a pedestrian crossing.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 88(4)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u8-motorway-0001","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"A continuous yellow line runs along the left of a motorway carriageway. What does it mark?","options":["No parking at any time, as a yellow line does at a town kerb","A bus lane","The right-hand edge of the carriageway","The left-hand edge of the carriageway"],"correct":3,"explanation":"Regulation 77 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025, as substituted, provides that a continuous yellow line marks the left-hand edge of the carriageway of a motorway or protected road. It is not a town kerb no-parking line, not a bus lane, and not the right-hand edge.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 77, as substituted by S.I. No. 205 of 2026, reg. 3(d)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2026/si/205/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u8-motorway-0002","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"On a motorway you see a continuous yellow line on the left and take it for a no-parking line, as at a town kerb. What does that line mark here?","options":["The left-hand edge of the carriageway of a motorway or protected road","No parking at any time, as a yellow line does at a town kerb","A bus lane running along the left of the motorway carriageway","The right-hand edge of the carriageway of a motorway or protected road"],"correct":0,"explanation":"Under Regulation 77 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025, as substituted, that continuous yellow line marks the left-hand edge of the carriageway on a motorway or protected road. The town kerb meaning of a yellow line does not apply here. It is not a bus lane and not the right-hand edge.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 77, as substituted by S.I. No. 205 of 2026, reg. 3(d)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2026/si/205/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u8-motorway-0003","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"A continuous white line runs along the right of a motorway carriageway. What does it mark?","options":["The centre of the carriageway","The right-hand edge of the carriageway","A hard shoulder","A no overtaking line"],"correct":1,"explanation":"Regulation 78 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025, as substituted, provides that a continuous white line marks the right-hand edge of the carriageway of a motorway, a protected road or a dual carriageway. It is not a centre line, not a hard shoulder, and not a no overtaking marking.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 78, as substituted by S.I. No. 205 of 2026, reg. 3(d)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2026/si/205/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u8-motorway-0004","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"On a protected road you take the continuous white line on the right for a lane line. What is it?","options":["The centre of the carriageway","A hard shoulder","The right-hand edge of the carriageway","A no overtaking line"],"correct":2,"explanation":"Under Regulation 78 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025, as substituted, a continuous white line marks the right-hand edge of the carriageway of a motorway, a protected road or a dual carriageway. A lane line is a broken white line under a different regulation. This edge line is not the centre, a hard shoulder, or a no overtaking marking.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 78, as substituted by S.I. No. 205 of 2026, reg. 3(d)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2026/si/205/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u8-motorway-0005","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"A broken white line runs beside a motorway slip road. What does it mark?","options":["The boundary of an access lane or an exit lane","A lane you may not enter from the motorway or from the slip road","The edge of the hard shoulder along the motorway carriageway","A no overtaking line along the motorway carriageway"],"correct":0,"explanation":"Regulation 79 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 provides that a broken white line indicates the boundary of an access lane or an exit lane on a motorway. It is not a lane you must not enter, not a hard shoulder edge, and not a no overtaking marking.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 79(1), (2)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u8-motorway-0006","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"You are joining a motorway across a broken white line at the end of the slip road. What is that line?","options":["A lane you may not enter","The boundary of the access lane","The edge of the hard shoulder","A no overtaking line"],"correct":1,"explanation":"Under Regulation 79 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025, that broken white line marks the boundary of an access lane on a motorway. It is the line you cross when joining, not a bar on entry, not a hard shoulder edge, and not a no overtaking marking.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 79(1), (2)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u8-motorway-0007","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"You are leaving a motorway by an exit lane marked with a broken white line. What does that line mark?","options":["A lane you may not enter","The edge of the hard shoulder","The boundary of the exit lane","A no overtaking line"],"correct":2,"explanation":"Regulation 79 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 provides that the same broken white line marks the boundary of an exit lane on a motorway. It is not a forbidden lane, not a hard shoulder edge, and not a no overtaking marking.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 79(1), (2)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u8-motorway-0008","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"A green arrow pointing down is shown over your lane. What does that mean?","options":["The green arrow gives you priority over merging traffic","You must slow down in that lane","The lane bends, so you must change lane","The lane is open and you may go on in it"],"correct":3,"explanation":"Regulation 37 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 provides that a green arrow pointing downwards means the traffic lane is open and traffic in that lane may proceed or continue in it. It does not give priority over merging traffic, it is not a slow-down signal, and it is not an inclined arrow that requires a lane change.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 37(1), (2)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u8-motorway-0009","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"A traffic lane control sign is mounted at the side of the road rather than over a lane. Which lane does it control?","options":["Every lane on that carriageway","The traffic lane beside the sign","Only the lane that later shows a red X","No lane, because a side-mounted sign is only advice"],"correct":1,"explanation":"Under Regulation 37 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025, the sign may be mounted above a lane or to the side of the road. When it is at the side, it indicates to traffic in the lane beside the sign that traffic must stop or the direction traffic must take. A side-mounted sign is not advice and it does not control every lane.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 37(1), (2)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u8-motorway-0010","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"A traffic lane control sign over your lane shows an arrow inclined to the right. What must you do?","options":["Treat the inclined arrow as meaning the lane bends","Stay in the lane because a green arrow would be needed","Move into the next lane to the right","Slow down, because a red X is next"],"correct":2,"explanation":"Regulation 37 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 provides that an arrow pointing to the right at an angle from the vertical means traffic in that lane shall move into the adjacent traffic lane in the direction the arrow shows. It is not a bend warning, not optional, and not a slow-down signal.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 37(1), (2)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u8-motorway-0011","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"A red X is shown over the lane beside you, while your own lane shows a green arrow pointing down. What applies to you?","options":["You must leave your lane because a red X means slow down","You must stop, because any red X closes every lane","The green arrow is only advice while a red X is showing nearby","You may go on in your own lane"],"correct":3,"explanation":"Under Regulation 37 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025, each sign controls the lane it hangs above or sits beside. A green arrow over your lane means that lane is open. A red X over the next lane closes that other lane. The red X does not mean slow down in your lane, and the green arrow is not advice.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 37(1), (2)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u8-motorway-0012","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"What does a traffic lane control sign tell you in general?","options":["That traffic must stop, or the direction traffic must take","That a green arrow gives you priority over merging traffic","That a red X means slow down","That an inclined arrow means the lane bends"],"correct":0,"explanation":"Regulation 37 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 provides that the traffic lane control sign indicates to traffic in the lane that traffic must stop or the direction in which traffic must proceed. A green arrow does not confer priority, a red X closes the lane rather than meaning slow down, and an inclined arrow requires a move into the next lane, not a warning of a bend.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 37(1), (2)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u8-motorway-0013","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"A sign over a motorway hard shoulder is showing, with a wide continuous yellow line. What do the sign and that line together show?","options":["A facility that runs at all hours, whether the sign is lit or not","That the line alone is enough, without the sign","A bus priority facility on that hard shoulder","That the line means no parking"],"correct":2,"explanation":"Regulation 10A of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025, as inserted, provides that the bus priority facility sign, in association with the wide continuous yellow line, indicates a bus priority facility, and that the sign is displayed when the facility is in operation. The line on its own is not the indication, the sign is not displayed at all hours, and the line is not a town no-parking marking.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 10A(1), inserted by S.I. No. 205 of 2026, reg. 3(c)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2026/si/205/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u8-motorway-0014","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"The bus priority facility sign over a motorway hard shoulder is not being displayed. What does that tell you?","options":["The facility is in operation at all hours, whether or not the sign is displayed","The wide yellow line on its own keeps the facility in operation","The line means no parking, so the shoulder is reserved in any case","The facility is not in operation, because the sign shows when it is"],"correct":3,"explanation":"Under Regulation 10A of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025, as inserted, the bus priority facility sign is operated to display when the facility is in operation, and it is that sign, with the wide continuous yellow line, that indicates the facility. The line does not keep the facility in operation on its own, the sign is not displayed at all hours, and the line is not a no-parking marking.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 10A(1), inserted by S.I. No. 205 of 2026, reg. 3(c)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2026/si/205/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u8-motorway-0015","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"A lit road tunnel speed limit sign is showing at the tunnel entrance. What does that sign tell you?","options":["The limit displayed is the limit for the road in the tunnel","The sign is advisory and the usual road limit still applies in the tunnel","The usual road limit still applies instead of the limit shown on the sign","The sign applies to goods vehicles only, not to other traffic in the tunnel"],"correct":0,"explanation":"Regulation 35 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 provides that while the road tunnel speed limit sign displays a limit, that is the limit for the road in the tunnel. It is not advisory, it is not displaced by the usual road limit, and it is not limited to goods vehicles.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 35(1), (4)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u8-motorway-0016","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"rules-of-the-road","stem":"Why may there be no fixed speed limit sign inside a road tunnel?","options":["Because the lit sign is only advisory, so every vehicle keeps the usual road limit in the tunnel","Where the tunnel speed limit sign is provided, the fixed speed limit signs are not required in that tunnel","Because the usual road limit still applies inside the tunnel even while the sign is lit","Because the lit sign applies to goods vehicles only and other traffic keeps the usual limit"],"correct":1,"explanation":"Under Regulation 35 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025, where the road tunnel speed limit sign is provided, the fixed speed limit signs are not required in that tunnel. The lit sign is the limit for the road in the tunnel, not advice, not a goods-only rule, and not a reason to keep applying a different usual limit.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 35(1), (4)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u8-roadworks-0001","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"hazard-awareness","stem":"At roadworks, this disc is shown facing your stream of traffic. Where must you stop?","options":["Level with the person holding it","Wherever the road ahead looks clear","Only if you are in a heavy vehicle","In advance of the sign"],"correct":3,"explanation":"Regulation 32 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 provides that when the STOP disc is exhibited facing your stream, traffic must stop in advance of the sign. Stopping level with the person, rolling on because the road looks empty, or treating it as a heavy-vehicle rule does not meet that requirement.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 32(1), (2)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"},"image":{"src":"/signs/rus-060.svg","alt":"Road sign"}},{"id":"u8-roadworks-0002","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"hazard-awareness","stem":"This disc is shown facing you at roadworks. How long must you stay stopped?","options":["For as long as the disc is shown","Until the road beyond looks empty","Only until you draw level with the person holding it","Only if you are in a heavy vehicle"],"correct":0,"explanation":"Under Regulation 32 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025, traffic must remain stopped so long as the STOP disc is exhibited. The duty is not lifted when the road beyond looks empty, when you reach the person, or because you are not in a heavy vehicle.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 32(1), (2)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"},"image":{"src":"/signs/rus-060.svg","alt":"Road sign"}},{"id":"u8-roadworks-0003","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"hazard-awareness","stem":"The road beyond looks empty and this disc is shown facing you at roadworks. What must you do?","options":["Go on once the road ahead looks clear","Stop in advance of the sign and stay stopped while it is shown","Stop level with the person holding it, then go","Treat it as applying to heavy vehicles only"],"correct":1,"explanation":"Regulation 32 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 requires traffic to stop in advance of the STOP disc and remain stopped so long as it is exhibited. An empty look to the road beyond does not authorise you to go on, and the disc is not limited to heavy vehicles.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 32(1), (2)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"},"image":{"src":"/signs/rus-060.svg","alt":"Road sign"}},{"id":"u8-roadworks-0004","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"hazard-awareness","stem":"You are in a stream of traffic at roadworks and this disc is shown facing it. What does it tell you?","options":["Go only if the way is clear of workers","The roadworks have finished","Traffic may go on, or start to go on","The road ahead is closed to traffic"],"correct":2,"explanation":"Regulation 32 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 provides that the GO disc indicates that traffic may proceed or commence to proceed. It does not add a workers-clear condition, it does not mean the roadworks have finished, and it does not mean the road ahead is closed.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 32(3), (4)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"},"image":{"src":"/signs/rus-061.svg","alt":"Road sign"}},{"id":"u8-roadworks-0005","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"hazard-awareness","stem":"The disc facing you at roadworks shows the word Téigh. What sign is that?","options":["The same GO disc, which may read GO or Téigh","A different sign used only in Irish-speaking areas","A sign that means the roadworks have finished","A sign that means go only if the way is clear of workers"],"correct":0,"explanation":"Under Regulation 32 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025, the GO disc shows the word GO or Téigh. Those legends are the same sign. The Irish word is not a regional variation, not a finished-works sign, and not a workers-clear condition.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 32(3), (4)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u8-roadworks-0006","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"hazard-awareness","stem":"Who shows the STOP and GO discs at roadworks, and how?","options":["Only a Garda, and no other person may show the discs","An authorised person, hand held or by a mechanical device that person controls","A timer set by the council, with no person in control of the discs","A detector that turns the discs when a vehicle arrives at the works"],"correct":1,"explanation":"Regulation 32 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 provides that the discs may be exhibited, hand-held or by a mechanical device that is manually controlled, by an authorised person. The provision does not confine that to a Garda, and it does not put the discs on a council timer or a vehicle detector.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 32(5)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u8-roadworks-0007","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"hazard-awareness","stem":"What decides when a STOP or GO disc is turned at roadworks?","options":["A fixed timer set by the council for every site","Only a Garda may decide when the disc is turned","The intervals the authorised person decides, or what traffic demand requires","A detector that turns the disc when a vehicle is sensed at the works"],"correct":2,"explanation":"Under Regulation 32 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025, an authorised person exhibits the disc at intervals determined by that person or where traffic flow demand requires. There is no council timer in that provision, no Garda-only rule, and no vehicle-detector rule.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 32(5)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u8-roadworks-0008","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"hazard-awareness","stem":"Two STOP discs are mounted back to back at roadworks. Which traffic do they stop?","options":["Only the first vehicle in each queue","They show STOP and GO at once, so both streams may go","They are advisory panels only","Two streams at once"],"correct":3,"explanation":"Regulation 32 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 provides that where two streams of traffic must stop and remain stopped, two STOP discs may be mounted back-to-back as a single panel facing those streams. The panel does not show both meanings at once, it is not limited to the first vehicle, and it is not advisory.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 32(6)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u8-roadworks-0009","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"hazard-awareness","stem":"A STOP disc and a GO disc are mounted back to back at shuttle working. What does that let happen?","options":["Both meanings shown at once to both streams","One stream through at a time, as the panel is turned","Only the first vehicle in each stream may move","An advisory panel with no effect on either stream"],"correct":1,"explanation":"Under Regulation 32 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025, for shuttle working the two discs are mounted back-to-back and rotated so that STOP faces one stream and GO faces the other, letting one stream through at a time. The panel does not show both meanings to the same stream, it is not limited to the first vehicle, and it is not advisory.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 32(6)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}},{"id":"u8-roadworks-0010","exams":["BW","AM","D"],"topic":"hazard-awareness","stem":"A keep left sign is shown in variable message form on a works vehicle that is moving slowly along the road. What applies?","options":["A sign on a moving vehicle has no effect","You may pass on either side","You must pass to the left of the sign","The sign applies only when the vehicle is parked"],"correct":2,"explanation":"Regulation 4 of the Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 allows the keep left, keep right and pass either side signs to be shown in variable message form on a roadworks vehicle that is standing still or moving along the road during mobile roadworks. A keep left display still requires you to pass to the left. Movement of the vehicle does not cancel the sign.","source":{"instrument":"Road Traffic (Traffic Signs) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 433 of 2025)","provision":"Regulation 4(4)","url":"https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2025/si/433/made/en/html","reviewed":"2026-09-15","licence":"oireachtas-cc-by-4.0"}}]}